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The Quran

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Most of Usul on "Kitabullah" (i.e., Quran)

Such discussion includes Classification of words in the Quran (or Arabic language),

Grammatical issues pertinent to interpretation of the Quran

and Sunnah, e.g.,

o Haruful Maa'ni (words with meaning),o Haruful Atf (conjunction),

o Haruful Zar (which gives Kasra to the noun when it is used

before noun),

o Haruful Asmauz Zaruf (Haruf which indicate time, place,etc.)

o Haruful Shart (haruf which indicates conditions).

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This lecture wont cover details on these

Rather on methods of interpretation and classification

of words

Quran consists of manifest revelation (Wahy Zahir)

which is direct communication in the words of Allah

Wahy Batin(non-manifest revelation) - consists ofinspiration and concepts, all theAhadithof the Prophet

(SM)

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Hadith Qudsi

Hadith Qudsi, in which the Prophet (SM) quotesAllah in the Hadith, is also not equivalent to theQuran

In fact, this kind of Hadith is also subject toexamination of Isnad (chain of narrators fromthe Prophet (SM) to the compiler of the Hadith

compilation). Prophet (SM) did not make any distinction

between Hadith Qudsi and other Hadith.

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Only meaning (Maa'ni) or text (Nazm) is not the

Quran.

Jurisprudents agree that text and meaningtogether constitute the Quran.

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Larger part of the Quran was revealed in Mecca

- mostly deal with beliefs, disputation with

unbelievers and their invitation to Islam

Madinan surahs deal with legal rules regarding

family, society, politics, economics, etc.

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Legal material of the Quran is contained in

about 500 Ayats

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Qati (definitive) &

Zanni (speculative)

Qati & Zanni concepts have been discussed

- in terms oftext &

- in terms ofmeaning.

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In terms oftext

Qati text:

- Entire Quranic text is Qati (definitive)

- Mutawatir Sunnah or Hadith (at least inessence)

Zanni text:- Other Hadith and Ijtihad are Zanni material

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In terms ofmeaning

Text of the Quran which has been reported in

clear words (Alfaz al-Waziha) that has only one

meaning are Qati in terms ofmeaning(Dalalah)

Most of the text of the Quran are Qati in

meaning

Exa of Zanni in meaningare the words

"banatukum" in Nisa:23

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Significance of

Qati & Zanni have significance

in the matter of belief [can be determined only by

Qati textwith Qati meaning] &

in the gradation ofAhkam(rules) into Farz, Wazib,

Sunnah, Haram, Makruh, etc.

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Zanni of one verse can be made Qati by another

verse or by definitive Sunnah

Zanni Sunnah can be elevated to Qati byQatiAyat of the Quran or by other corroborative

evidence ofQati Sunnah.

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Asbab al-Nazul

Asbab al-Nazulor events which are related to

revelation of the Ayats

H

akm(law) is not limited to the events orcircumstances.

Asbab al-Nazulhelps to understand the Quran

and its law.

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Cause (talil) of Ahkam

Based on majority - it is permissible to research

the cause (talil) of Ahkam

Its a must for development of Islamic law

through Ijtihad (primarily Qiyas).

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End!Study hard!!

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in Arabic text and mail us.