1University of Massachusetts Transportation Center

2. Person-based evaluation of Transit Preferential Treatments (TPTs)

1.Farid, Y.Z., Christofa, E., and Collura, J. 2015. Person-Based Evaluation of Dedicated Bus Lanes and Queue Jumper Lanes at Signalized Intersections with Near-Side Bus Stops. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2484:182–192.

2.Farid, Y.Z., Christofa, E. , and Collura, J. 2014. A Person-based Evaluation of Transit Preferential Treatments on Signalized Arterials. Transportation Research Board 93rd Annual Meeting, 12–16 January, Washington, D.C., Paper No. 14-2995.

2University of Massachusetts Transportation Center

Transit Preferential Treatments (TPTs)

Source: www.kehoe.org

Space Priority Strategies Time Priority Strategies

Source: www.tc.umn.edu

Source: www.mta.infoSource: Viegas, et al (2007)

Source: www.ottawa.ca

3University of Massachusetts Transportation Center

Research Objective

Given the lack of a comprehensive person-based evaluation of TPTs :

• Develop an analytical model to investigate the impact of TPTs on person delay and person discharge flow when implemented individually and in combination at signalized intersections

4University of Massachusetts Transportation Center

Analytical Model

Assumptions:• The analytical model accounts only for uniform delay

• Traffic operations follow the kinematic wave theory

• There is no platoon dispersion

ITS Technologies needed for real-world implementation: Automated Vehicle Location (AVL) Systems

Source: www.tc.umn.edu

5University of Massachusetts Transportation Center

Analytical Model

6University of Massachusetts Transportation Center

Phase Extension

Bus Stop

Time

Bus Trajectory

1

2

Bus Stop

Bus Stop

Distance

7University of Massachusetts Transportation Center

Phase Extension

Time

Bus Trajectory

Phase Extension1

2

Bus Stop

Bus Stop

Distance

8University of Massachusetts Transportation Center

Phase Extension

• Bus detectors upstream intersection

• TSP is activated when a bus can pass the intersection by 10 seconds green extension

9University of Massachusetts Transportation Center

Queue Jumper Lane

Time-space diagram illustrating bus utilizing the queue jumper lane.

10University of Massachusetts Transportation Center

Queue Jumper Lane

Time-space diagram illustrating bus not utilizing the queue jumper lane.

11University of Massachusetts Transportation Center

Test Site: Four-intersection segment of San Pablo Avenue

144

961039

80115884

1179241112

502550

628838

6722489

278191105

210155380

23010555

Offset= 33 sec Offset= 19 sec Offset= 57 sec Offset= 4 sec

San Pablo Avenue

University Avenue Delaware Street Cedar Street Gilman Street

1983 ft. 1300 ft. 977 ft.

Z . H . 2552FS . 51B

72 . 72M . 72R

110

75770

39

104784101

148679 40

641219

11467

128070

1051255

5060

801

Bus Routes

Bus Stops

G

12University of Massachusetts Transportation Center

Results: Percent Change in Person Delay

Analytical and Simulation Tests Results for the % Change in Person Delay of San Pablo Avenue Northbound Direction at the Intersection with Gilman Street

-80%

-70%

-60%

-50%

-40%

-30%

-20%

-10%

0%QueueJumper

LaneAddition

ExistingGeometry

QueueJumper

LaneAddition

QueueJumper

LaneAddition

ExistingGeometry

QueueJumper

LaneAddition

No Green Extension With Green Extension No Green Extension With Green Extension

Analytical Model Mictosimulation Tests

% C

hang

e in

Per

son

Del

ay

Alternatives

Total Passengers Bus Passengers Auto Passengers

13University of Massachusetts Transportation Center

Results: Person & Vehicle Discharge Flow Rate

Analytical and Simulation Tests Results for the Person Discharge Flow of San Pablo Avenue Northbound Direction at the Intersection with Gilman Street

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000Ex

istin

g C

ondi

tion

Que

ue Ju

mpe

r

Lane

Add

ition

Lane

Sub

stitu

tion

Exis

ting

Geo

met

ry

Que

ue Ju

mpe

r

Lane

Add

ition

Lane

Sub

stitu

tion

Exis

ting

Con

ditio

n

Que

ue Ju

mpe

r

Lane

Add

ition

Lane

Sub

stitu

tion

Exis

ting

Geo

met

ry

Que

ue Ju

mpe

r

Lane

Add

ition

Lane

Sub

stitu

tion

No Green Extension With Green Extension No Green Extension With Green Extension

Analytical Model Microsimulation Tests

Dis

char

ge F

low

Rat

e

Alternatives

Vehicle Discharge Flow (persons/hr) Person Discharge Flow (veh/hr)

14University of Massachusetts Transportation Center

Findings

The analytical model can be used to assess preferential treatments for various traffic volumes, bus frequencies, and signal timings

The proposed analytical model can be used to quantitatively assess the impact of space and time preferential treatments on person delay and person discharge flow.