2. hyperemia and congestion; hemodynamic disorders
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Hemodynamic Disorders Edema Hyperemia and Congestion Hemorrhage Hemostasis and Thrombosis Embolism Infarction Shock Dr. Krishna Tadepalli, MD, www.mletips.com 1
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Transcript of 2. hyperemia and congestion; hemodynamic disorders
Hemodynamic Disorders
Edema Hyperemia and Congestion Hemorrhage Hemostasis and Thrombosis Embolism Infarction Shock
Hemodynamic Disorders
Edema Hyperemia and Congestion Hemorrhage Hemostasis and Thrombosis Embolism Infarction Shock
Dr. Krishna Tadepalli, MD, www.mletips.com
1
DefinitionsHomeostasis maintaining blood as a liquid Thrombosis Clotting at inappropriate sitesHemostasis Clotting at appropriate site (site of
injury) Embolism migration of clots Infarction obstruction of blood flow to tissues
and leads to cell death Hemorrhage inability to clot after vascular
injury Shock extensive hemorrhage can result in
hypotension and death
DefinitionsHomeostasis maintaining blood as a liquid Thrombosis Clotting at inappropriate sitesHemostasis Clotting at appropriate site (site of
injury) Embolism migration of clots Infarction obstruction of blood flow to tissues
and leads to cell death Hemorrhage inability to clot after vascular
injury Shock extensive hemorrhage can result in
hypotension and death
Dr. Krishna Tadepalli, MD, www.mletips.com
2
Hyperemia Congestion
Active process passive process
skeletal muscle during exercise or at sites of inflammation
Generalized in cardiac failure
arteriolar dilation Local- isolated venous out flow obstruction
tissue is red blue-red color (cyanosis)
due to increased tissue inflow resulting from impaired venous outflow
Hyperemia and Congestionlocal increased volume of blood in a particular tissue
(common in both)
Dr. Krishna Tadepalli, MD, www.mletips.com
3
• Hyperemia– Usually physiologic rather than in pathologic (inflammatory)
conditions
• Congestion• Causes• Consequences• Tissue Hypoxia Degeneration Scarring/Fibrosis ( Cardiac
Cirrhosis in Liver) • Capillary rupture Focal small hemorrhages Hemosiderin
laden macrophages (Heart Failure Cells in Lung)
• Organ systems involved = Lung, Liver• Lungs Acute ( Engorged Pulmonary capillaries, alveolar
hemorrhages,) Chronic (thickened fibrous septa, Heart failure cells)• Liver Acute (distended central hepatic veins, centrilobular
hepatocyte degeneration), Chronic ( Nut Meg liver, fibrosis – Cardiac cirrhosis, centrilobular necrosis)
• Hyperemia– Usually physiologic rather than in pathologic (inflammatory)
conditions
• Congestion• Causes• Consequences• Tissue Hypoxia Degeneration Scarring/Fibrosis ( Cardiac
Cirrhosis in Liver) • Capillary rupture Focal small hemorrhages Hemosiderin
laden macrophages (Heart Failure Cells in Lung)
• Organ systems involved = Lung, Liver• Lungs Acute ( Engorged Pulmonary capillaries, alveolar
hemorrhages,) Chronic (thickened fibrous septa, Heart failure cells)• Liver Acute (distended central hepatic veins, centrilobular
hepatocyte degeneration), Chronic ( Nut Meg liver, fibrosis – Cardiac cirrhosis, centrilobular necrosis)
Dr. Krishna Tadepalli, MD, www.mletips.com
4
Hyperemia and CongestionHyperemia and Congestion
Dr. Krishna Tadepalli, MD, www.mletips.com
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Liver - congestion
Central vein
centrilobular necrosis
EQ
Nutmeg
Dr. Krishna Tadepalli, MD, www.mletips.com
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