2 'C's for the Future - Semi final

8/6/2019 2 'C's for the Future - Semi final

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1. Excutive Summary2. Introduction

3. Interview4. Core Idea 4.1 Idea Overview

A. Creating4.2 Idea o Creating4.3 Detailed Description o Creating4.4 Future Vision4.5 Feasibility

B: Cutting4.6 Idea o Cutting

4.7 Detailed Description o Cutting4.8 Core Benets4.9 Feasibility

5. Conclusion6.. Appendix

Contents

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DAS| Adrian Lam | Anthony Yick | Kaai Leung | Denise Cheung


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ExecutiveSummary

ProblemThis report provides ideas and evaluation o solv-ing current pollution problems. It has been ourmajor concern to present the solution to thisproblem and it goes along with un. Aiming at im-proving pollution problem o our globe, Cuttingand Creating are the t wo concepts we introduced,which Cutting reers to reduce pollutants and cre-ating means generating clean energy to our world.

Idea/Vision

The rst part is creating, we are going to imple-

ment the generation o renewable energy re-sources in extensive leisure urban areas in the city.By utilizing the technology o Piezoelectricity, itis possible to generate power through walkingon modied oors. Another interesting solutionwould be the installation o solar energy cell inumbrellas. We have put the amily as an essen-tial element into this technology, as it will bringout un when having amily activities. Encour-

aging the use o renewable energy in various a-cilities can get more people involved in the ear thsprotection whilst having un in leisure activities

The second part o the report is mainly describingreducing pollutants. The two methods are usingQR Code which comprises the use o online socialnetworking platorm or smart phones and incorporate education on green environmentthrough the use o smart phones in the pe-riods while people are queuing. People canshare their environmental experiences throughscanning the QRCODE and create a connec-tion to a number o online social networkingplatorms and publications on the social net-

work systems will help the users to the uture.earn tokens in some applications to encourageparticipation. Education on green environmentthrough the use o smart phones in the periodswhile people are queuing is also one o the waysto protect environment. By installing screens toplay interesting videos involving green educa-tion in places where people queue, so as to raisethe publics environmental awareness in times.

Impact on uture andsustainabiity

By combining both concepts, we establish the ul-timate goal as a Green Society. Leisure activitieswhich are un and enjoyable can also be done tosave the world at the same time. The belie o hav-ing a green society is sustainable involving a longterm change in the inrastructure and also themindset o the people o going green. With just atiny change, one can aect the world market andin the longer term, it can be strived to provide ahealthier and better environment or the uture.

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The causes o climatic change can be divided intotwo categories, (i) human and (ii) natural causes.

It is now a global concern that the climaticchanges occurring today have been speed-ed up mainly because o man's activities.

The natural variability and the climatic uctua-tions o the climate system have always been par to the Earths history. However, there have beenchanges in concentrations o greenhouse gasesin the atmosphere. They have been growing at anunprecedented rate and magnitude. The United

Nations, governments and many dominant sci-entists around the world believe that we must actpromptly to stabilise and arrest urther changes.

The Industrial Revolution in the 19th century sawthe large-scale use o ossil uels or industrial ac-tivities. Fossil uels such as oil, coal and natural gassupply most o the energy needed to run vehiclesand generate electricity or industries and house-holds. The energy sector is responsible or about3/5 o the carbon dioxide emissions, 1/5o themethane emissions and a large amounto nitrousoxide.

Carbon dioxide is undoubtedly, the most impor-tant greenhouse gas. Changes in land use pattern,deorestation, land clearing, agriculture, and otheractivities have all led to a surge in the emission ocarbon dioxide. Methane is another main green-house gas in the atmosphere. It is released byanimals such as dairy cows, goats, pigs, bualoes,camels, horses and sheep. Methane is also emit-ted during the process o oil drilling, coal mining,leakng gas pipelines, landlls and waste dumps.

The certainty o global warming can be seenthrough some o the natural phenomena like the

eect on crops and extreme weather conditionsaround the world. It is especially clear in the dra-matic change o the polar caps, i.e. the Arctic icecap is shrinking and the Antarctica ice shel is melt-ing. To solve the problem o climate change, ourgoal is to (i) generate something new (+), or ex-ample, using renewable energy to generate elec-tricity instead o using ossil uel, or invent somegreen materials to be used in the process o man-uacturing industries,on the other hand, (ii) reduce

the use o products which will pollute the environ-ment (-), which is a minus concept, to reduce the

pollution given out by the acts o human beings.

2. Introduction


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Beore going on our work, in order to gathermore opinion to improve the idea, an interviewwas conducted on 3thMay to 5thMay. The inter-viewee is Leung Kin Keung Kenneth, Senior Ar-chitect rom Hong Kong Architectural ServicesDepartment. We successully reached him bysending email to him; here is the content o ourinterview, conducted through email. (A copyo a certicate is shown to prove that this in-terview was actually conducted. (Appendix 9))

DAS:

What do you think about our idea? Is it related to the topic of this competition, Fun + Meaning^2 = 2030? Why or why not?

Leung:

The success of every concept usually starts with some look-like impractical idea. As an architectural professional, I opine that

it is an interesting concept and we should not deny its possibility. Maybe it will come true one day when technology has ad-

vanced to such stage that the piezoelectricity device becomes very efficient and handy in its installation. Just like the dream

of flying hundred years ago which have come true now.

I think it is a good starting point to integrate green energy with activities that have fun as people will love to do at no extra

cost.

DAS:As an architect, do you think that architecture can really affect our living environment, or even lifestyle?

Leung:

Architecture is an integration of science and art. The design of buildings is aimed to serve the occupants and users for spe-

cific purpose or function. Therefore, the design of which should meets the intended purpose or function. In doing so, technol-

ogy advancement can provide the architects with various choices of materials and electrical and mechanical systems to meet

the needs of users. A good design can take care of the needs of the users and to facilitate the operation of the buildings and

its installations inside. From one way, the architects can improve our living environment of through the integration of technol-

ogy. On the other way, architects will look to the needs and dreams of users and inspire them in their design.

DAS:

Do you think it is possible to apply our idea of green society into those developing countries? (as our target are those devel-

oped countries)

Leung:

Such concept is applicable to all places over the world if the efficiency and production and such piezoelectricity device

become popular. It may be easier to start your plan in developing countries because it can be incorporated during the town

planning stage. For developed countries, it would be easier to start from household.

DAS:

There is a similar project that is processing in Dubai, what do you think about the differences between these two projects?

Leung:

Dubai is a rich community which can afford the high installation cost and operation cost of some costly green energy instal-

lations like wind turbine, solar panels and the newly invented piezoelectricity device. It certainly has great contribution to the

reduction on consumption of fossil fuels and raising the awareness of people on the use of renewable energy. However, the

long pay-back period may hinder the application of these renewable energy facilities in developing countries. Scientists and

manufacturers are working hard to improve the efficiency and production cost of these facilities. Your plan will be materialized

when technology can resolve the cost problem.

Moreover, he suggested us to go urtherin both the creating and the cutting con-cepts, like not just ocusing on the shop-ping behavior, but more about social activi-ties that people love to do. As a result, theidea will be looks more un than beore.

3. Interview


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4.1 Idea overview

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It is widely accepted that our world is acing a criti-cal climate problem because o the pollution. Forthis reason, many countries start to make a stepto the green eld. However, it is not easy to workon such attempts while having un. Thereore, ourteam decide to create a green society and separatethe green work into two parts, which are reduc-ing pollution and improving our climate. We putthat into the positive and (ii) negative (-) way. It isunclear that how we can put un into the greenwork that is regarded as meaningul. One couldquite easily make the argument that un is alwaysrather subjective, since dierent people have their

own interest. Even i we know that green work ismeaningul, how can we tackle this problem ina more merry and enjoyable way? I we assumethat most people enjoy things like shopping, play-ing, reading etc. then, this would require a sys-tem that can link publics interest to green work.

4. Core Idea


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A complex structure is always built rom ne de-tails, and o course a green city cannot be an ex-ceptional case. To create a green city, it will haveto be structured by buildings. Thereore, I will putthe green system in a building as a primary starto. Then, our team will put the sel-supplying sys-tem in to the city as our team nal destination.

Green City

Basic structure o green city

To build a green city, this has to begin with the ba-sic structure, (i) ootpaths and roads o the whole

city can make use o the piezoelectricity eect,which can convert every single step on the road orpathway to electricity. Besides, (ii) solar energy isalso going to be a main source o energy supply inthe uture. So, what is more about this city? It alsohas a link between the green city and un. To linkup enjoyable activities and green, we have to ndout the basic activities that most o the people liketo do. The three basic parts o enjoyable activities

are sports, leisure activities and work. Still, we willuse green city to be our oundation then add somemore ideas on it. And these two types o renewableenergy could be the two basic supports or greencity.

Piezoelectricity application in green city

Piezoelectricity can be widely used in the greencity. The way o how we can walk and generateelectricity at the same time applying piezoelec-tricity (Appendix A10) into the green city is a bigstep to create a power sel-sufcient system.Thereason o choosing this technology is because weknow that (i) there is always a certain number opeople would walk on the oor and (ii) there are alot o un activities that can be done on the ground.For example, we can install these piezoelec-tricity oors into track elds and sport cen-tres, which people can do the sport that theyare interested while generating electricity.It is obvious or us to notice that shopping centreis one o our major concerns that can install this

4.3 Detailed Description o Creating

a new sel-sufcient system should take place.

Introduction o Piezoelectricity

To reach our nal aim o using clean energyas a power supply to our earth. A technologynamed piezoelectricity is applied, which re-ers to electricity resulting rom pressure. Thetheory o piezoelectricity eect is the elec-tromechanical interaction between mechani-cal and electrical state in crystalline material,and the interaction will generate electricity.In Japan Shibuya, a young inventor Kohei Hay-amizu transorms a one meter square meterside walk there into an electrical generator us-ing the same theory. From our research, despitethe act a person walking in a moderate speed inone hour can only generate 50 watts o electric-ity, we multiplied it by the requency o peopleentering and leaving the building, it will start toadd up and could be sufcient to supply mosto the energy required in a building. Further,they also remind us in a positive way that wehave to nd new and cleaner sources o energy.

Meaning o creating

To bring up a new system o green, a con-cept o creating is going to. The meaning ocreating is to (i) produce more energy orour daily consumption and hence (ii) reducethe use o ordinary sources o power supply.

The goal o the new system is to create anenergy sel-supplied city and with the ele-ment o having un in order to meet thetarget o creating a new orm o energy.Our team will merge shopping centres with a new

technology called Piezoelectricity, it will be a newtechnology that used or creating electricity as anew orm o renewable energy. This technology willcooperate with daily activities that public enjoy.

The ollowing content will describe our principle.

Concept introduction

Everyone cannot avoid going to public places,like shopping centres, parks, sport centres etc.It is likely that our team has created a systemwe wanted to link every daily work to the greenside.As electricity is the major source o powersupply, a renewable and green source o energyshould replace other sources, such as u el oil, coalor nuclear, which all bring a certain level o pollu-tion. According to the statistic o the world energyconsumption, our total consumption o the uel oilis 84077 thousand barrels in 2009 (AppendixA1) and also with large amount nuclear energythat is equal to 610.5 million tons o uel oil (Ap-pendix A2). Considering these large amountso power sources will produce pollution thatcan seriously aect our earth, we believe that

4.2 Idea O Creating

Creating


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ment. Giving example like laptops and electronicappliances are being widely used. Everyone hasgot their own laptop which consumes a lot oelectricity, and or that reason solar energy will be

a good source to power our laptops. We havecreat-ed a new product or the source o the laptop that iscalled solar umbrella. Making the roo o the build-ing o the green city or people to bring up theirsolar umbrellas and plug their laptops to the solarumbrellas as a power supply. Then they can enjoy

surng the internet and playing games or workingwith sel-supplies electricity. For what people domost in the leisure time is watching TV, like sportmatches, cartoons, drama etc. the electricity thatthe TV needs can be provided by the solar panel.Many countries start to use solar energy or theirhouseholds recently, or example, case in Calior-nia (Appendix A11), rate structures and PV incen-tive program design can converge to make a given

kind o technology. A strong reason is shoppingcentres have a high concentration o people and itis also a good entertaining activity or some peo-ple. Also, the government can encourage the pub-lic to hang out more by holding some carnivals, es-tivals or sales markets on the piezoelectricity oor,which makes more people go out to these placesand generate electricity. Imagine walking on theground and at the same time improving the world,like when you are walking in a shopping mall andelectricity can be generated to supply the building.

Household as an example

In proposing a un and meaningul concept to thepublic, households are going to be a well point. Bycombing the piezoelectricity technology into thehouseholds, it would be meaningul and un. Imag-ine a amily go to a park and play hide-and-seek oran hour, ater that they go to a shopping mall andhave some snacks, these places are purposing orentertainment and amilies can enjoy their leisuretime while giving green credits to our earth. There

are lots o good eects by using piezoelectricity.In this situation, it is obviously a great idea o ap-ply these technologies into our societies to gen-erate power instead o using non-renewable en-ergy that could cause environmental pollutants.

Thereore, it may bring us a win-win situation orour worlds health and bringing un to us. As a re-sult i the government sets up policies and installsthe piezoelectricity oor in green city, there willbe a substantial amount o electricity generated.

Concept o Solar energy and green city

Solar electrical generation relies on heat en-gines and photovoltaic. Solar energy's uses arelimited only by human ingenuity. The way thatour team would present the method o solarenergy and entertainment is to connect everysingle electrical appliance to the solar system,such as laptops, television sets etc. The ea-tures will be described in the content below.

Application o solar energy green city

The useulness o the solar energy depends on thetechnology. It has been a long time that scientistsand engineers would like to gure out how to im-prove the percentage o electricity generated by

the solar panels. Obviously, solar energy is an es-sential part o the green city, and because o theimprovement in technology; a new type o panelscan be installed nowadays which are new thin-lm solar roong shingles. They can convert 13%o the sun energy into electricity, compared withordinary thin-lms that can only convert 11% othe solar energy (Appendix A11).Indeed the solarenergy may not be a very powerul energy source,

solar investment more nancially attractive orthose households with excessive consumption--so called energy hogs -- relative to an energy ef-cient home. And nowadays the technology will bemature enough to produce energy or a whole city.


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4.4 Future vision

Apart rom these two types o clean energy, thereare also other types o renewable energy that canwork on the green city, as what our team wantsto bring out that all our interest can link to greenwork. It is a system on how everyones interest islinked to each other and get to the nal destina-tion, which is to give contribution to the environ-ment. Having un and doing meaningul thingsare always contradictory in common thoughts. Inorder to wipe out traditional concepts, it is neces-sary or us to embed a new element to the pub-lic, which can break the box o common mindsets. That is meaningul things can also be un.


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In our green city concept, sustainability is a longvision or the whole city uture. It is the ability tooperate in a way that meets present needs whileproviding or the needs o the uture generations.A sustainable sel-supplied city is dened as a so-cially, environmentally, and resource-responsibleapproach to operate itsel. Sustainability encom-passes more than just recycling and reducing. Itis not a simple list o discrete actions. It is a con-tinuous improvement process that requires a ho-listic approach to the entire green city operation.

4.5 Feasibility

Participation

The concept o linking interest to green has sug-gested that one does not have to do any envi-ronmental protection work deliberately, they cannow help the environment naturally while havingun on activities that they are interested in. There-ore, the participation rate can almost be 100%o the population. While they are contributingto the environment, this can serve as a reminderto them that our earth needs to be protected.

Production

Cost efciency Piezoelectricity can be generatedat a very low cost. Using inexpensive quartz crystal(which is piezoelectric) and a couple o capacitors(Appendix A3), we/ one can make a simple piezo-electric device. Maintenance Quartz is one o thetoughest materials in the world so it has very lit-tle wear and tear, hence very little maintenancecost. Ease o use: A piezoelectric device is a verytough material and can be easily tted in appli-ances like shock absorbers. Thereore, piezoelet-ricity may well help us overcome the energy crisis.Imagine all the building and public places cansupply enough energy or themselves, or how-

much energy they save and produce. This is go-ing to be win-win situation or us and our earth.

Process

Government policies and attitudes are impor-tant to the development o the green city. Therole or the government is to set up some poli-cies and programs or public to participate in.Likewise, the government can set up a green -nancial supporting program or those who arewilling to build the green system in their workplaces or houses. Also the building o green struc-tures like piezoelectric roads or solar panels canbe processed step by step, rom individual build-ings to the whole city. It is possible to achieve alow cost and reduce a certain level o energyconsumption rom the ordinary power source.

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Sustainable green cityor the uture embodiesprincipal concepts :

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4.6 Idea o cutting

Meaning o cutting

Base on the structure o the green city, in order tomake to a green society, cut is another essentialconcept. Signicantly, cut has an opposite mean-ing o creating, the dierence is that, instead o o-cusing on how to create ,on the other hand, cut isocusing on how human beings act (behavior) toachieve the goal o reducing pollutant emissions.

To successully achieve the goal o reduc-tion, and with having un as an indispensable element, a brand new system will be intro-

duced, to accomplish a sustainable [cut] eect.

I will try to use some (i) well-known media,(ii) smart-phones and applications as the me-dium, and (iii) put it into in our everyday lie opurchasing, to orm an interactive system, andthrough this interactive behavior, individualscan eectively reduce the emissions o pollut-ants. Detailed content will be described below.

Rise o Popularity o smart phones and Internet-based social media network

Firstly, why will the social media and smart phonesbe used as a medium? It is mainly because o their

rising popularity and strong market penetration.For example, Facebook, Twitter, MSN are otenused as a social platorm. For Facebook, thereare now 300 million o users, and 50% o themlog in their accounts every day. Now the worldspopulation is about 691 million, and in otherwords, about 3 /7 o the people are using thisnew social networking platorm (Appendix A5).Speaking o smartphones, Apples iPhone brings

Speaking o smartphones, Apples iPhone bringsa global-boom o it to the world, all other mobilephone manuacturers, such as Nokia, SonyEr-rison, had hold the relevant product, hope tocarve their market shares o this emerging mar-ket. With the increasing popularity o Wi-Fi ,andthousands o applications(apps) are designedand sold in this market, and the market penetra-tion o smart phones surged signicantly lasttwo years. According to a survey o Admob ,inthe mobile phone market, smart phones use bythe February o 2009 is 36% and raised rap-idly to 2010, in February 48% while the use

o traditional cell phones decreased rom57% to 35% within a year (Appendix A6).

Relationships between smartphones and Inter-net-based social media network

The common rises o using the Smartphone, so-cial media is not a coincidence. As the mobile in-ternet is widely used recently, and the commonlyuse o smartphones, they have indirectly led tothe increasing use o those Internet-based socialnetworking platorms. They set up some applica-tions in the smartphones (Facebook, MSN mes-senger), to acilitate users to interact with riendsanytime, anywhere. According to Facebook, the

data rom its ofcial website, about 200 millionusers are using its application through the mobileinternet to log in every day (Appendix A5). So inall, the utilization o smartphones, the popularityo mobile networks and the rise o social network-ing platorm, are positively aecting each other.

Using the QRcode technology

Furthermore, I will use QRcode, a technologywith the use o smartphones, which can do themedia and real lie connections. QR means quickresponse in this case, which is a "rapid responsesymbol." As long as the code is photographed,and special sotware (ScanLie)is used to identiyit. Once the QR code is scanned, or instance, theWeb address embedded in the image pops up onthe phones browser, saving the phones ownersome typing. The system has been widely prac-ticed in Japan, and some even print their QRcodeso their email addresses on their business cards.

Back to the topic, how do we take this advan-tage rom this relationship, to create a unand a sustainable system to control pollution?

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Cutting


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4.7 Detailed discription o Cutting

A. ConsumptionTo create an interesting system, we must rst ndout what is meant by un. We dene 'un' as to dothings that you would love to do'. And this systemwill take advantage o the smart phone and its re-lationship with social networking, and applying itto our daily lie. First o all, we assume that 'shop-ping' itsel is a 'behavior that will bring happiness'.

In order to enter the system in a green society, (i)everyone should have a Smartphone, or a am-ily at least with one. Some people may say thatnot everyone can aord it, but I truly believe thatalong with the present trend, smartphone prices

will continue to decline to the price o tradition-al phone range. Secondly, (ii) they have to shop.We inuence the buying habit o the consumersthrough the system and indirectly control theemissions rom the individuals or households.

During our shopping process, every move o usthat can help to protection the environment,such as reusing to use plastic bags or bringingour own reusable shopping bags, can be allowedto capture the QRcode using a mobile phone, us-ing the convenience o QRcode to link with thesocial networking platorm, which can generatelots o un during the process. For example, Fa-cebook's personal status will change automati-cally to XXX JUST REFUSED TO USE A PLASTICBAG AT XXX, or they can take this action to con-verse some virtual coins or urther use o someapplications (e.g. restaurant city) in Facebook

or smartphones( e.g. angry birds, doodle jump).

B. EducationWe will also try to use the high penetration rateo using the tablet pc and smartphone, to spreadthe words o environmental protection to thepublic. Here is a question to bring out the idea,

A survey saying that Britons average spent aboutsix months on queuing in their lietime (Appen-dix A8). Six months is not a small number, andwe should not waste those times. For example,when we visit a theme park, unortunately thereare lots o people queuing or the mechanicalrides. We get no choices but queuing, there-ore we come out an idea, that can not only canmake them eel un to line up, but also being edu-cated more about environmentally protection.

That is to install a screen in the line-up area thatcan play an interactive cartoon with the audienc-

es, so they can use their smartphone, or tablet pcto connect with it. Take Disneyland as an exam-ple, those well-known cartoon characters can beused as a protagonist o the interactive video topromote the message o environmental protec-tion, and meanwhile, entertaining the tourists.

Moreover, other than queuing in the themepark, this technology can also be installed in

We oten queue,and guess howmuch time wehave wasted inour entire lives?

any appropriate occasions such as bus stopor restaurants. Hence when people are wait-ing, we take the great opportunity to pro-mote the concept o environmental protection,and bring the joy to all o us at the same time.

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4.8 Core Benets

The benets to the individuals

We believe that(i)'shopping' itsel is un, andthrough this action (in the system), indi-rectly, to reduce their own pollution. What ismore, in the enjoyment o the shopping pro-cess, this system will encourage people tobuy' green' products, or example, to buy or-ganic ood, energy saving light bulbs, so thattheir lives become healthier. Furthermore,'green 'moves, not only (ii) enrich their sociallives, but also (iii) encourage their riendsto participate through the social platorm.

The benets to societies

Focusing on the IN and OUT concept, wetake these systems to encourage peopleto build up healthy habits (INPUT, throughthe consumption and educational be-havior), the indirectly control o pollu-tion discharge rom individuals (OUTPUT).

People are the central issue o this environ-ment; thereore, we have the greatest re-sponsibility on it. I we can successully takeadvantage o these systems, everyone canreach the goal o reduced pollution emissions.

Environmental pollution, climate change,and other issues can easily be resolved.

4.9 Feasibility

The ollowing eatures are provided to de-termine the easibility o the systems.

Cost

To implement the system, we must rstmeasure the balance between cost and e-ect. First o all elements that the system re-quires are respectively, those QRCODEs instores, and most importantly, Smartphone.

The set-up o QRCODE is convenient andmoney-saving; there are several QRCODEgenerators in the internet (Appendix A11),

just a ew minutes to make one and justa cost o an A4 paper to put it in a store.

As or smartphones, reerred to above, therising o its demand, is obviously a trendglobally. Indeed a smart phone is not cheap,but we cannot include the whole price o theSmartphone as the cost o the system. It is notair as it is only one o the reasons why peo-ple buy mobile phones. From a social pointo view, everyone just needs to pay only n/1o the Smartphones price (it varies becausethe importance o this system or each oneare dierent and difcult to be mediated),and he or she can get started in a relaxed and

happy way or the environmental protection.

Participation

Due to the popularity o smartphones, andthe large number o members in social net-works, like Facebook, the number o partici-pants in the plan is so large that it cannotbe easily estimated. Furthermore, everyone

does shopping, and like shopping, so this 'incen-tives' is strong enough to drive people to takethe initiative to become a member o an interac-tive system. And shopping is something you doevery day, simply say, as long as you have a cellphone, and you shop, you are the one o the plans.

Sustainability

Could the system bring a society a sustain-able positive impact eectively? Yes. This systemstarts rom the shopping process and inuencespeoples buying habits or even more, their living

style, such as buying more green products or or-ganic ood. Supply somehow comes rom the de-mand, as long as buying habits change success-ully, even a little change, one can aect the entireworld market, in long-term base, to bring the nextgeneration a healthier, and more secure uture.

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5. Coclusion

In conclusion, a green society will be ormedthrough the integration o green city (+),and the education and consumer activi-ties among it (-), to stop the damage to theenvironment by human activities and pro-vide a secure uture to our next generation.


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6. Appendix

A1. Total Fuel Oil Consumption in 2009

Source: http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/emissions/downloads11/US-GHG-Inventory-2011-Executive-Summary.pd

A2. Statistical review o world energy 2010 (Fossil uel consumption)

Source: BP Statistical review o world energy 2010 (Fossil uel consumption)

A3. Capacitors or Piezoelectricity

Source: http://www.absolutequartzcrystals.com/crystals-or-sale/medium-quartz-crystals.asp

A4. Statistics on top 30 countries with highest number o acebook users

Source: http://www.nickburcher.com/2010/03/acebook-usage-statistics-march-2010.html

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A5. Statistics on the number o registered users on Facebook

Source: http://www.acebook.com/press/ino.php?statistics

A6. Data concerning usage o smar tphones and traditional phones

Source: http://www.electronista.com/articles/10/03/25/iphone.android.overtake.eature.phones/

A7. Statistics on the daily usage o various electronic devices

Source: http://www.cnet.com.au/smartphone-use-the-survey-says-339305460.htm

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A8. Report on the annual queuing time or Br tish people

Source:http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/howaboutthat/5052956/Britons-spent-six-months-queuing.html

A10. Relevant YouTube video

Piezoelectricity:http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g8AtH7GR-JI&eature=player_embeddedElectricity generating path:http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QHNO5gMT5wg&eature=relatedFacebook:http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dXcWXiHgTZQSmartphone:http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vc5ewjqgcXE

A11. Useul links:

Piezoelectricity:http://ourworld.unu.edu/en/lets_generate_electricity_by_walking/Solar Road:http://inhabitat.com/netherlands-to-roll-out-energy-generating-solaroad-bike-path/Solar energy:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_energy#ISO_StandardsEco green:http://www.thinkecogreen.com.au/Caliornia solar energy:http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/rea/news/article/2007/02/solar-or-energy-hogs-the-caliornia-example-47476QRCode:http://gadgetwise.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/03/01/qa-make-a-quick-qr-code/Nuclear leakage News:http://www.earthquakejapan2011.com/radiation-leak-an-update-on-japans-nuclear-accident/

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2 'C's for the Future - Semi final

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