John Christopher E. Pangilinan

Biology Ms. Pyles 1/17/14

2.03 Cell Structure and Function

• Cell membrane • Nucleus•

Cytoplasm & cytoskeleton • Ribosome • Endoplasmic reticulum• Rough ER• Smooth ER• Golgi Apparatus • Lysosomes • Vacuoles • Mitochondria • Cell wall • Chloroplasts

The Animal and Plant cell• The Animal and

Plant cell are almost alike but they usually have different types of cell structure. The only difference is that plant cells have chloroplasts and cell walls and animal cell don’t.

What do they look like?

Animal Cell PLANT CELL

Cell Membrane• The cell membrane is

called the “ Plasma Membrane”

• The cell membrane serves as a barrier to determine whether what things can enter the organelle and what things can leave the organelles.

• Made of lipids (fats) and contains proteins

Nucleus

The nucleus usually holds most of the cell’s genetic information.

What is inside the Nucleus?

The nucleus inside is that

DNA and proteins are packed together into a chromosomes.

Cytoplasm & Cytoskeleton• Cytoplasm is a “ thick

fluid that is surrounded of the cell.

• The cytoplasm contains a mixture of water and salt that is dissolved, ions ,and the organic molecules.

• Cytoskeleton was discovered by a new improved technology of the microscope. What scientist found are fiber in the cell.

Ribosomes

• The ribosomes are the protein synthesis in a cell.

• They are made up of RNA and protein molecules.

• The ribosome’s job is to synthesize the proteins whether if they are free or connected.

Endoplasmic reticulum

The endoplasmic reticulum

Known as (ER)

The endoplasmic reticulum is divided into 2 sections that differ between the structure and the function.

It is a maze of membranes.

Rough ER• The rough ER’s appearance is

rough• Small ribosome covers the

surface.• The rough ER can make their

own proteins and fats (lipids) to the membrane.

The portions of the endoplasmic reticulum forms to sacs called “ transport vesicles”. They carry proteins from the rough endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus.

Smooth ER

• The membrane does not have any ribosome.

• The smooth endoplasmic reticulum takes part of the metabolic process.

• The appearance of Smooth ER is smooth.

Golgi Apparatus

The Golgi Apparatus modifies proteins.

The Golgi Apparatus transports vesicles from the ER by transporting proteins.

Lysosomes

The lysosomes contains enzymes in a membrane sac.

Each cell contains different enzymes that break down into a macromolecules.

Vacuoles

• Vacuoles are known as “ membrane- enclosed sacs that serves storage functions.

• The vacuoles are larger.

Mitochondria

• The Function of the mitochondria is that the organelles act like a cell’s digestive system by taking nutrients and break them down to release energy to give the cell to power up.

• ATP is produced.

Cell wall

• The cell wall is usually found in the plant cell.

• They are not found in the animal cell.

• The cell wall surrounds the cell membrane and giving the support by adding a layer of protection for the plant cells.

chloroplasts

• The chloroplasts is usually found in the plant cell.

• The chloroplasts is not found in the animal cell.

• The color of the organelle is green because the chloroplasts contain the green pigment chlorophyll.

image Links

• Slide 3 – picture from FLVS Biology 2.03 lesson• Slide 4-

http://www.biologycorner.com/bio1/notes_cell.html

• Slide 5- http://www.biologycorner.com/bio1/notes_cell.html

• Slide 6 – http://www.biologycorner.com/bio1/notes_cell.html

Image links cont…

• Slide 7-http://legacy.owensboro.kctcs.edu/gcaplan/anat/study%20guide/api%20study%20guide%20d%20cell%20structures.htm

• Slide 8- http://legacy.owensboro.kctcs.edu/gcaplan/anat/study%20guide/api%20study%20guide%20d%20cell%20structures.htm

Slide 9- http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/cells/endoplasmicreticulum/endoplasmicreticulum.html

Slide 10- http://www.biologycorner.com/bio1/notes_cell.html http://legacy.owensboro.kctcs.edu/gcaplan/anat/study%20guide/api%20study%20guide%20d%20cell%20structures.htm

Image links cont..

• Slide 11- http://www.biologycorner.com/bio1/notes_cell.html

• Slide 12• Slide 13- http://www.biologycorner.com/bio1/notes_cell.html

• Slide 14- http://plantcellsorganelles.weebly.com/vacuoles.html

• Slide 15- http://www.biologycorner.com/bio1/notes_cell.html

• Slide 16- https://www.adapaonline.org/bbk/tiki-index.php?page=Leaf%3A+What+are+cell+walls%3F

• Slide 17 - http://bms.westfordk12.us/Pages/teams/7green/cells/GroupH/images/plantcell%20chloroplast

THE END!THE END!

That’s the end of the slideshow for That’s the end of the slideshow for 2.03 cell structure and function.2.03 cell structure and function.