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[1x-Islam-PP-Slides-LB.PPT] 1
OVERVIEW OF ISLAM
By
Lyle B., Ph.D.
August 25, 2008
[1x-Islam-PP-Slides-LB.PPT] 2
DIFFERENT VIEWS OF ISLAM
Islamic View -- all writings are done by believers; Muslims themselves.
Academic View -- taught in schools by dhimmis: basics of religion; art, poetry, etc.; jihad not discussed; always respectful.
Foundational View -- kafirs (unbelievers) use all Islamic texts to explain Muslim world: its politics, religion, history, victims; w/dots.
[CSPI, p. x (all)]
[1x-Islam-PP-Slides-LB.PPT] 3
ISLAM -- THE COMPLETE WAY
Islam, viewed completely, is a:
Complete political system,
Complete cultural system,
Complete religious system.
[CSPI, p. viii (all)]
[1x-Islam-PP-Slides-LB.PPT] 4
CORE BELIEFS OF ISLAM
1. Belief in Allah. 2. Belief in angels.
3. Belief in the revealed Books of God.
4. Belief in God’s many prophets.
5. Accepts concept of a last day.
6. Belief in divine measurement of humans.
7. Belief in life after death. [YE, p. 18 (all)]
[1x-Islam-PP-Slides-LB.PPT] 5
FIVE PILLARS OF ISLAM
1. Shahadah -- profession-of-faith.
2. Salat -- Daily prayer, towards Mecca.
3. Zakat -- Almsgiving, annual charity.
4. Saum -- Month-long Fast of Ramadan.
5. Hajj -- Pilgrimage to Mecca.
[YE, p. 114 (all)]
[1x-Islam-PP-Slides-LB.PPT] 6
THE SHAHADAH
Declaration of Faith:
“I declare there is no god except Allah, and I declare that Muhammad is the Messenger of God.”
[YE, p. 115]
[1x-Islam-PP-Slides-LB.PPT] 7
ALLAH, GOD OF ISLAM (a)
Allah/God means “the divinity.”
Allah has many different names, such as the Compassionate, the Merciful, etc.
Allah is unknowable and impersonal.
[KRS, p. 249 (all)]
[1x-Islam-PP-Slides-LB.PPT] 8
ALLAH, GOD OF ISLAM (b)
Allah absolutely monotheistic; no Son.
Allah wills directives & commands only.
Viewing Allah any different = a BIG sin.
Islam & Christian Worldviews differ.
[KRS, p. 249 (all)]
[1x-Islam-PP-Slides-LB.PPT] 9
ALLAH, GOD OF ISLAM (c)
Allah is sovereign over all things.
Only His divine will & commands are known.
Allah is absolutely transcendent.
He never reveals himself; He is not a “personal” God.
[KRS, pp. 249-250 (all)]
[1x-Islam-PP-Slides-LB.PPT] 10
ISLAMIC BELIEFS (a)
Muslims believe in angels, esp angel Gabriel. [KRS, p. 250]
Jinn -- Intelligent & powerful spirits; <angels, >humans; may be good or evil. [KRS, p. 250]
Satan (Shaytan), an evil Jinn, and other bad Jinn seek to corrupt us. [YE, p. 29]
[1x-Islam-PP-Slides-LB.PPT] 11
ISLAMIC BELIEFS (b)
Muslims believe in Bible prophets.
Muslims believe Jesus was a prophet.
Muslims do not believe Jesus was a Son of God; Allah has no offspring.
[KRS, p. 250, (all)]
[1x-Islam-PP-Slides-LB.PPT] 12
ISLAMIC BELIEFS (c)
Muslims believe in absolute monotheism.
ISLAM means “peace” & “surrender.”
Muslim: “one who submits to Allah.”
[KRS, p. 248 (all)]
[1x-Islam-PP-Slides-LB.PPT] 13
ISLAMIC BELIEFS (d)
No original sin. Allah forgave Adam and Eve -- no taint of sin.
No atonement. No need for Allah to atone for sins of mankind.
No Trinity. Allah abs monotheistic; Niceene Creed rejected. [YE, p. 208 (all)]
[1x-Islam-PP-Slides-LB.PPT] 14
ISLAMIC BELIEFS (e)
No Holy Spirit associated w/Godhead.
No Begotten Son. Allah did not have any children.
Mary, mother of God? No, no trinity, no quartet; Allah undivided.
The Bible. Not authentic, it has many errors and contradictions. [YE, p. 208 (all)]
[1x-Islam-PP-Slides-LB.PPT] 15
ISLAMIC BELIEFS (f)
Islam accepts Jesus’ virgin birth. [YE, p. 208]
Jesus not crucified; Allah raised Him up directly to Paradise. [YE, p. 213]
Islam is not a religion of grace and redemption. [KRS, p. 253]
[1x-Islam-PP-Slides-LB.PPT] 16
ISLAMIC BELIEFS (g)
Muslims believe Islam is God’s last and complete message to World.
If one learns about Islam, they are then compelled to become Muslim.
[YE, p. 209 (all)]
[1x-Islam-PP-Slides-LB.PPT] 17
ISLAMIC BELIEFS (h)
Islam: Humans born good & responsible.
Islam: No “grace” or “redemption.”
Allah: Fair & impartial to all believers.
Get Paradise if “good” > “bad” actions; assuming a moral life. [KRS, pp. 252-253 (all)]
[1x-Islam-PP-Slides-LB.PPT] 18
ISLAMIC BELIEFS (i)
To Muslims, sin is willful disobedience.
Muslims not born into sin of Adam.
Islam: religion of justice based on deeds.
Deeds may be good/bad, judged by Allah.
Paradise -- based upon one’s good vs bad deeds. [KRS, pp. 252-253 (all)]
[1x-Islam-PP-Slides-LB.PPT] 19
ISLAMIC BELIEFS (j)
Muslims have no assurance of paradise.
They must always strive for submission to Allah’s will.
Paradise -- involves spiritual rewards; including physical pleasures for men.
Hell -- Eternal banishment from Allah, with despair and punishment. [KRS, p. 253 (all)]
[1x-Islam-PP-Slides-LB.PPT] 20
ISLAM & CREATION (a)
According to the Koran:
God made time. A day to Allah is different than a day on Earth.
Six days to create everything; Earth and planets created during last two days.
Allah said “Be” and a “ball” of matter appeared, then spread out. [YE, p. 77 (all)]
[1x-Islam-PP-Slides-LB.PPT] 21
ISLAM & CREATION (b)
According to the Koran:
Heavens filled with “smoke.”
Planets & stars “swim” in their orbits.
The Sun -- giver of light.
The Moon -- reflector of light. [YE, p. 77 (all)]
[1x-Islam-PP-Slides-LB.PPT] 22
ISLAM & CREATION (c)
According to the Koran:
Earth is round (a sphere).
Earth’s surface is spread out like a carpet (crust).
Mountains have ”roots” to stabilize the planet (plate techtonics). [YE, p. 79 (all)]
[1x-Islam-PP-Slides-LB.PPT] 23
ISLAM & CREATION (d)
According to the Koran:
Rain -- It falls, collects, springs up from ground (water cycle).
Clouds -- Different ones for rain, hail, sleet, snow, etc.
Earth -- Surrounded by protective layer (ozone layer). [YE, p. 79 (all)]
[1x-Islam-PP-Slides-LB.PPT] 24
ISLAM & CREATION (e)
Muslims point out that these scientific descriptions in Koran were unknown in Muhammed’s time. [YE, p. 79]
Muslim scholars agree that universe developed over long time period. [YE, p. 80]
[1x-Islam-PP-Slides-LB.PPT] 25
ISLAM & EVOLUTION (f)
Origin of life attributed to Allah; life arose via natural processes, separate from evolutionary processes. [YE, p. 81]
Muslims lean toward creationism regarding humans. [YE, p. 81]
[1x-Islam-PP-Slides-LB.PPT] 26
PROOF OF ALLAH’S EXISTENCE
1 Natural world -- Beauty and complexity, created by an intelligent being. [YE, p. 19]
2 Human abilities -- capacity for thought, belief, invention, creativity. [YE, p. 20]
3 Allah’s revelations -- His guidance and existence of religion. [YE, p. 20]
4 Human feelings -- we seek meaning of life, why do we exist? [YE, p. 20]
[1x-Islam-PP-Slides-LB.PPT] 27
THE COSMOS
The Word Muslim means submit or surrender. [YE, p. 20]
Allah created the cosmos; it submits to Him; hence it is Muslim. [YE, p. 21]
Animals are Muslim -- Allah taught them to do what they do. [YE, p. 21]
Plants are Muslim -- Allah programmed them to do what they do. [YE, p. 21]
[1x-Islam-PP-Slides-LB.PPT] 28
PROPHET MUHAMMAD (a)
~570, Muhammad born in Mecca. [CSPI, p. 270]
At age 40 in Mecca, He received first revelation via angel Gabriel. [CSPI, p. 11]
During next 13 years in Mecca, He converted 150 people to Islam. [CSPI, p. vii]
[1x-Islam-PP-Slides-LB.PPT] 29
PROPHET MUHUMMED (b)
In 622 he escaped assassination in Mecca and migrated to Medina. [YE, p. 277]
In Medina, he began using violence to promote his new religion. [YE, pp. 279-285]
In 630, he became “Master of Arabia.” [RS, p. xii]
In 632, he passed away. [YE, p. 286]
[1x-Islam-PP-Slides-LB.PPT] 30
PROPHET MUHAMMED (c)
Muhammed received divine revelation.
Muslims believe he is the final prophet.
He is #1 moral example for Muslims.
He is perfect of all God’s creatures.
Muslims: “What would Muhammed do?”
[KRS, p. 251 (all)]
[1x-Islam-PP-Slides-LB.PPT] 31
ISLAMIC DIFFERENCES (a)
Two major Islamic sects, Sunni & Shia:
Sunni ~85%; all successors to be blood relative of Muhammed.
Shia ~15%; all successors from Ali and his male decendents. They interpret Koran & other religious books differently. [YE, pp. 334-335 (all)]
[1x-Islam-PP-Slides-LB.PPT] 32
ISLAMIC DIFFERENCES (b)
Islam has three major movements: (1) traditional or orthodox, (2) modernist or secularist, (3) Fundamentalist (Wahhabism).
Wahhabism -- fundamental Islam; extreme, intolerant, uncompromising.
Some believe Wahhabism may die out.
[KRS, p. 255 (all)]
[1x-Islam-PP-Slides-LB.PPT] 33
WHAT IS JIHAD?
‘The word “jihad” literally means to struggle or strive or work for something with determination.’
Two basic types of Jihad:
Personal struggle, such as quitting smoking.
Physical struggle, such as warfare for Allah’s cause (holy war). [YE, p. 166 (all)]
[1x-Islam-PP-Slides-LB.PPT] 34
TESTING ISLAM WORDVIEW (a)
Islam has commendable positive features:
1. Belief in human reason & argumentation.
2. It has some rationality (coherence).
3. Believes cosmos real (scientific realism).
[KRS, pp. 256-257 (all)]
[1x-Islam-PP-Slides-LB.PPT] 35
TESTING ISLAM WORLDVIEW (b)
Commendable positive features, continued:
4. It can document historical truth-claims.
5. It believes in a single transcendent Creator.
6. Muslims believe in Jesus, as a prophet.[KRS, pp. 256-257 (all)]
[1x-Islam-PP-Slides-LB.PPT] 36
TESTING ISLAM WORLDVIEW (c)
Negative aspects of Islam:1. No coherence between Koran and Bible.
2. Non-existential, impersonal for living.Allah’s nature unknown.
3. Non-explanatory, superiority not real;e.g., sins of al-Qaeda and 9/11/01? Superior inconsistent with submission.
[KRS, pp. 260-261 (all)]
[1x-Islam-PP-Slides-LB.PPT] 37
SUMMARY COMMENTS (a)
Islam: Trinity is idolatrous polytheism.
Islam: Incarnation is blasphemy.
Islam rejects “original sin,” man is only disobedient, not a lost sinner.
[KRS, pp. 262-263 (all)]
[1x-Islam-PP-Slides-LB.PPT] 38
SUMMARY COMMENTS (b)
Islam denies need for a Savior.
Islam: Jesus did not die on the cross.
Islam: Jesus less prominent than Muhammed.
[KRS, pp. 262-263 (all)]
[1x-Islam-PP-Slides-LB.PPT] 39
SUMMARY COMMENTS (c)
Christianity & Islam at odds w/ each other.
Each denies the essential doctrines of the other.
Their theological essentials are in conflict with each other.
[KRS, pp. 262-263 (all)]
[1x-Islam-PP-Slides-LB.PPT] 40
SUMMARY COMMENTS (d)
“If Islam is true, then historic Christianity is false.” [KRS, p. 262]
“If Christianity is true, then Orthodox Islam is false.” [KRS, p. 262]
[1x-Islam-PP-Slides-LB.PPT] 41
SUMMARY COMMENTS (e)
In 2001, a leading Saudi Sheik, Almad Al Qatani, confirmed that:
“In every hour, 667 Muslims convert to Christianity” … “Every day, 16,000 Muslims convert to Christianity. Every year 6 million Muslims convert to Christianity.” [JCR, p. 28]
[1x-Islam-PP-Slides-LB.PPT] 42
BIBLIOGRAPHY
(YE) Yahia Emerick. The Complete Idiot’s Guide to Understanding Islam. Alpha, a Pearson Education Co., 2002.
(JCR) Joel C. Rosenberg, author. The Big Untold Story in the Middle East. My world article, Long’s Christian Bookstore Cat., Fall 2008.
(KRS) Kenneth R. Samples. A World of Difference, Putting Christian Truth-Claims to the Worldview Test. Reasons To Believe, BakerBooks, MI., 2007.
(RS) Robert Spencer. The Truth About Muhammad : founder of the world’s most intolerant religion. Regnery Publishing, 2006.