1st International Workshop on Smart Materials and ... International Workshop on Smart Materials and...
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Ceramics
1st International Workshop on Smart Materials and Structures7-8 October, 2004Kiel, Germany
Dipl. Phys. Andreas Joseph Schmid
Argillon GmbHR & D PiezoproductsTel.: ++ 49 / 9574 / 81-250Email: [email protected]
Overview on the Application of Piezoceramics Bending Actuators - Piezoceramics at Argillon
Dipl. Phys. Andreas Joseph SchmidTel.: ++ 49 / 9574 / 81-250Email: [email protected]
Piezoproducts
Abstract
Overview on the Application of Piezoceramics Bending Actuators
Piezoeffect
Bending actuator structure techniques
Piezoproducts
Applications of piezoelectric bending actuators
Dipl. Phys. Andreas Joseph SchmidTel.: ++ 49 / 9574 / 81-250Email: [email protected]
Piezoproducts
PZT - Perovskite crystal structure
Pb(Zrx Ti1-x)O3
Lead (Pb)2+
Oxygen (O)2-
Zirconium (Zr)4+
or Titanium (Ti)4+
Dipl. Phys. Andreas Joseph SchmidTel.: ++ 49 / 9574 / 81-250Email: [email protected]
Piezoproducts
Piezoelectric effect - Curie temperaturePerovskite Crystal Structure
Dipl. Phys. Andreas Joseph SchmidTel.: ++ 49 / 9574 / 81-250Email: [email protected]
Piezoproducts
Piezoelectric effectPiezoelectric effect
Convertion of a mechanical stress into a electrical signal.
Inverse piezoelectric effect
Mechanical output produced by an electrical input.
Dipl. Phys. Andreas Joseph SchmidTel.: ++ 49 / 9574 / 81-250Email: [email protected]
Piezoproducts
TrimorphMonomorph Multimorph
Bimorph
Piezo-ceramic
Bending actuator structure techniques
inactiveLayer
Dipl. Phys. Andreas Joseph SchmidTel.: ++ 49 / 9574 / 81-250Email: [email protected]
Piezoproducts
Bending actuator
Deflection of a trimorph bending actuator
Results in deflection of the bending actuator
Contraction of the ceramic by appling the operating voltage
Dipl. Phys. Andreas Joseph SchmidTel.: ++ 49 / 9574 / 81-250Email: [email protected]
Piezoproducts
Bending actuatorDeflection of a trimorph bending actuator
Results in deflection of the bending actuator
Contraction of the ceramic by applying the operating voltage
Dipl. Phys. Andreas Joseph SchmidTel.: ++ 49 / 9574 / 81-250Email: [email protected]
Piezoproducts
Bending actuator - force-deflection characteristic
possible operatingpoint
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1 1,2 1,4 1,6 1,8 2
Deflection ξ [mm]
Blo
ckin
gFo
rce
F 0[m
N]
max. deflection ξ0
blocking force F0
bending energie
Dipl. Phys. Andreas Joseph SchmidTel.: ++ 49 / 9574 / 81-250Email: [email protected]
Piezoproducts
monomorph bending actuator
ceramic
passiv layerh1
h2
Bending actuator - force-deflection characteristic
a) maximum deflection ξ0
ξ0 = 3/4 d31 U (l2 / h12) fE
4 a c (1 + a) fE =
4 a c (1 + a)2 + (1 - a2 c)2
a) blocking force F0
Fo = 3/2 d31 U b E1 (h1 / l) fm
a c (1 + a)fM =
2 (1 + a c)
ahh
=2
1
cEE
=2
1
Dipl. Phys. Andreas Joseph SchmidTel.: ++ 49 / 9574 / 81-250Email: [email protected]
Piezoproducts
performance index = blocking force * max. deflection
0
0,1
0,2
0,3
0,4
0,5
0,6
0,7
0,8
0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1 1,2 1,4 1,6 1,8 2
thickness proportion a
perfo
rman
ce in
dex
Bending actuator - Performance index
aluminium
carbon fibre
steel
Dipl. Phys. Andreas Joseph SchmidTel.: ++ 49 / 9574 / 81-250Email: [email protected]
Piezoproducts
Piezoproducts - Portfolio
Basic MaterialsBasic Materials Bending ElementsBending Elements Modules & DevicesModules & Devices
Piezo Masses
Ceramics likes:+ Discs+ Plates+ Rings+ Tubes+ Special
geometries
Bending actuators
Singlelayer Multilayer (> 2003) for: for:+ Braille modules+ Textile machines + Textile machines + Hard disks drives + Hard disks drives+ Valves + Valves+ Gas flow controls + Gas flow controls+ Switcher + Automotive
applications
Bending actuators for:+ Medical
engineering+ Other applications
Ultrasonic transducer for:+ Flow measurement+ Other applications
Pattering modules for:+ Jacquard machines+ Raschel machines+ Warp Knitting machines
SITEX M-Module for:+ Circular Knitting machines
Ultrasonic atomizers for:+ Refrigerated cabinets+ Home appliances+ Toys+ Inhalers for lung diseases+ Humidifier
Valves applications for:+ Glue valves+ Air pulse valves+ Air sort valves+ Door shuts+ Hydraulic systems
Ultrasonic systems for:tank level measuring
SensorsSensorsSensorsSensorsActuatorsActuators ActuatorsActuatorsActuators / SensorsActuators / Sensors
Stacks (> 2004) for:+ Piezo
generators+ Piezo motors+ Consumer
goods
Dipl. Phys. Andreas Joseph SchmidTel.: ++ 49 / 9574 / 81-250Email: [email protected]
Piezoproducts
Divided into three groups
Basic Materials
Bending Elements
Modules & Devices
Dipl. Phys. Andreas Joseph SchmidTel.: ++ 49 / 9574 / 81-250Email: [email protected]
Piezoproducts
Multilayer bending actuatorDesign of a monomorph multilayer bending actuator with thermal tension adjustment
Slide
Conntact
Passive layer
Copper contact pads
Multilayer ceramic
Inner electrods
Thermal tension layer
Dipl. Phys. Andreas Joseph SchmidTel.: ++ 49 / 9574 / 81-250Email: [email protected]
Piezoproducts
Piezo braille module for controller keyboards
Dipl. Phys. Andreas Joseph SchmidTel.: ++ 49 / 9574 / 81-250Email: [email protected]
Piezoproducts
Bending actuator for warp knitting machines
Dipl. Phys. Andreas Joseph SchmidTel.: ++ 49 / 9574 / 81-250Email: [email protected]
Piezoproducts
Textile machine module for warp knitting machines
Dipl. Phys. Andreas Joseph SchmidTel.: ++ 49 / 9574 / 81-250Email: [email protected]
Piezoproducts
SITEX ® M - Textile machine module forcircular knitting machines
Dipl. Phys. Andreas Joseph SchmidTel.: ++ 49 / 9574 / 81-250Email: [email protected]
Piezoproducts
SITEX ® M - Textile machine module forcircular knitting machines
Circular knitting machines
SITEX M - Textile machine module
Dipl. Phys. Andreas Joseph SchmidTel.: ++ 49 / 9574 / 81-250Email: [email protected]
Piezoproducts
SITEX ® M - Textile machine module forcircular knitting machines
ConnectorElectronic control
Flaps
Bending actuators
Carrier
Front plate
Housing
Housing cover
Dipl. Phys. Andreas Joseph SchmidTel.: ++ 49 / 9574 / 81-250Email: [email protected]
Piezoproducts
Piezoceramic bending actuator for fiber optical switches
Advantages:· fast switching time· low insertion loss· high optical isolation· compact design· no additional wavelength dependence
Applications:· optical measurement systems· spectroscopy· optical engineering· telecommunications
Dipl. Phys. Andreas Joseph SchmidTel.: ++ 49 / 9574 / 81-250Email: [email protected]
Piezoproducts
High - dynamic pressure regulator
Flap On
+-3
12
Flap Off
+- 3
12
Dipl. Phys. Andreas Joseph SchmidTel.: ++ 49 / 9574 / 81-250Email: [email protected]
Piezoproducts
The new generation of piezoelectric valves
Plastic Housing+ higher precision+ lower weight+ cheaper
Bender+ „power free“ control+ nearly no wear+ ideal for intrinsic safety+ works digital and analog+ no self heating+ no electromagnetic load+ antimagnetic
Elastomere enclosure+ improved sealing+ protection against humidity+ separates medium from electric terminals
Dipl. Phys. Andreas Joseph SchmidTel.: ++ 49 / 9574 / 81-250Email: [email protected]
Piezoproducts
3/2 normally-closed piezoelectric micro valveConcept of a polymer micro valve with an piezoelectric multilayer actuator and an polymer strain sensor
Housing capElectronic control (closed loop control)
Strain sensors Piezoelectric multilayer actuator
Housing with pneumatic interface
Dipl. Phys. Andreas Joseph SchmidTel.: ++ 49 / 9574 / 81-250Email: [email protected]
Piezoproducts
Micro valves for implantable microdosage systems
PrestressPiezoelectric bending actuator
Titanium housing
Silicon tappet
Pyrex valve seat
Medicament (2.5 bar)
Inlet
Piezoelectric bending actuator
Outlet
Dipl. Phys. Andreas Joseph SchmidTel.: ++ 49 / 9574 / 81-250Email: [email protected]
Piezoproducts
Piezoelectric actuated suspension for hard disk drivesPiezoelectric micro actuators for the positioning of write-read heads.
Dipl. Phys. Andreas Joseph SchmidTel.: ++ 49 / 9574 / 81-250Email: [email protected]
Piezoproducts
Piezoelectric micro actuatorsPiezoelectric micro actuators for the positioning of write-read heads.Applications: tape drives, hard disk drives, DVD- and CD-writer
Z
± 0,07
± 0,1
± 0,0555,055,0 ± 0,05
± 0,2519,25
94,9
5±
0,25
± 0,
0528
,0
pin ø 3,18 pin ø 3,18
12,605,
45±
0,07
M. : 4 : 1
detail - Z
0,2
Dipl. Phys. Andreas Joseph SchmidTel.: ++ 49 / 9574 / 81-250Email: [email protected]
Piezoproducts
Piezoceramic bending actuator and sensor for implantable hearing aids
More info at: www.stcroixmedical.comThe PZT Sensor fulfills the role of a microphone in a conventional air conduction hearing aid.
The PZT Driver converts the amplified electrical signal received from the Sensor (via the SoundProcessor) into mechanical vibration to drive the stapes.
Dipl. Phys. Andreas Joseph SchmidTel.: ++ 49 / 9574 / 81-250Email: [email protected]
Piezoproducts
EnOcean - Piezoceramic generators
Conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy.
Applications:
Light switchTire guard
Dipl. Phys. Andreas Joseph SchmidTel.: ++ 49 / 9574 / 81-250Email: [email protected]
Piezoproducts
Piezoceramic bending actuator for radio switches
Energy generator for the radio switch
Energy per one actuation
= 25 µWs
Dipl. Phys. Andreas Joseph SchmidTel.: ++ 49 / 9574 / 81-250Email: [email protected]
Piezoproducts
Piezoceramic Bending Actuator for radio switches
The core element is the Piezoceramic
Parts of the radio switch
Dipl. Phys. Andreas Joseph SchmidTel.: ++ 49 / 9574 / 81-250Email: [email protected]
Piezoproducts
EnOcean - Piezoceramic bending actuatorfor radio switches
Batteryless radio switchConversion of mechanical energy into electrical energyTransmitting of signals and information
HF-Receiver
230V≈
SignalProcessing-
unit
Radio Transmitter
Actuation
Generator
PowerSwitch
Result,Value
RF-Transmitter
SignalProcessing-
unit
Radio Receiver
Dipl. Phys. Andreas Joseph SchmidTel.: ++ 49 / 9574 / 81-250Email: [email protected]
Piezoproducts
EnOcean - Piezoceramic Generators
Die Betätigungsenergie wird für batterielose Transpondersysteme verwendet.
Radio sensors
• Control Sensors• Position
Indicator Switch• Monitoring
Industry
Radio switches
• Keyless entry• Tire Guard
Automotive
Micro Radio Generators
• Control of the human body functions
Medical
Radio switches
• Installation• Renovation
Building
Dipl. Phys. Andreas Joseph SchmidTel.: ++ 49 / 9574 / 81-250Email: [email protected]
Piezoproducts
Benefits of piezoelectric bending actuators
Rapid positioning speed results in significantly increased productivity.
High reliability dramatically reduces outage times.
The bending actuator produces no heat, therefore no cooling is required.
Energy consumption is noticeable low as with the magnet that results in reduced operating costs.
The compact construction means that the bending actuator requires significantly less space.
Silent operation provides for the most ergonomic possible workplace.
The bending actuator can be modified for specific applications.
Dipl. Phys. Andreas Joseph SchmidTel.: ++ 49 / 9574 / 81-250Email: [email protected]
Piezoproducts
Conclusion
Overview on the Application of Piezoceramics Bending Actuators
Electromechanical transformer (actuator/sensor/generator)
All-purpose usable. Usable in nearly all markets
High increacing market rates
Piezoproducts
Basic Materials
Bending Elements
Modules & Devices
Dipl. Phys. Andreas Joseph SchmidTel.: ++ 49 / 9574 / 81-250Email: [email protected]
Piezoproducts
References
[1] M. Laurent, H. Bödinger, T. Steinkopff, K. Lubitz, C. Schuh, S. Wagner, M. J. Hoffmann, H. Murmann-Biesenecker, A. J Schmid, ”Influence of ceramic layer thickness on the properties of piezoelectric multilayer actuators”, Processing of Electroceramics, Symposium 2003, (2003)[2] U. Dibbern: Piezoelectric Actuators in Multilayer Technique. Proceedings of Actuator 94, (1994)[3] B. Anderson: Properties and Performance of Multilayer Actuators for Dynamic Applications. Proceedings of Actuator 1996, (1996)[4] A. J. Schmid, U. Töpfer, R. Ballas, H. F. Schlaak, G. Munz, M. Maichl, A. Münzenmaier, ”Piezoelectric Beam Multilayer Actuator with an Integrated Capacitive Strain Sensor to Detect Deflection”, Sensor 2003, (2003)[5] M. Weinmann, M. Maichl, G. Munz, C. Hanisch, H. P. Post, ”A 3/2 Normally Closed Polymer Piezoelectric Microvalve with Integrated MID Electronics for Industrial Automation”; Actuator 2002, (2002)[6] Y. Nui, W. Guo, G. Guo, E. Hong, T. Huang, “Piezoelectrically Actuated Suspension for Hard Disk Drives Storage“, Proc. Syst., Vol. 1.; 321 -327, (1999)[7] A. J. Schmid, U. Töpfer, ”Smart Piezoelectric Multilayer Actuator with an Integrated Sensor to Compensate External Loads”, Adaptronic Congress 2003, (2003)[8] A. J. Schmid, „Piezokeramische Systeme – Physikalische Eigenschaften und Anwendungen“, Technische Keramik in der Praxis, Verband der keramischen Industrie e.V., Selb, (2002)[9] C. Schuh, K. Lubitz, Th. Steinkopff, A. Wolff, “Piezo electric Components for Technical Applications”, Piezoelectric Materials, Ed.: C. Galassi et al., Kluwer Academic Publ. 2000, 391- 399, (2000)[10] A. J. Schmid, “Smarter Niedervoltaktor – Multilayer Biegewandler mit integrierter Sensorik”, Deutsche Keramische Gesellschaft, 10. Keramik-Tag der Bundesanstallt für Materialforschung, Symposium: Folien und Multilayertechnologie für funktionskeramische Anwendungen, (2003)