1st EGTEI Panel Meeting on the sector of WASTE INCINERATION
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Transcript of 1st EGTEI Panel Meeting on the sector of WASTE INCINERATION
1Expert Group on Techno-Economic Issues (EGTEI) 14/06/2002
1st EGTEI Panel Meeting on the sector of
WASTE INCINERATION
Paris – ADEME, June 14th, 2002
2Expert Group on Techno-Economic Issues (EGTEI) 14/06/2002
Objectives of the Meeting
• start working on a first (exemplary) sector /
get operational as a Group
• discuss and agree on a method to pragmatically
represent the incineration sector for data collection
and transfer to RAINS (data improvement)
• define concrete next steps
3Expert Group on Techno-Economic Issues (EGTEI) 14/06/2002
• Technical and Site-related Data on Installations in Europe for the Thermal Treatment of
Municipal/Residual Waste, Report UBA 4/2002
• Dutch Notes on BAT for the Incineration of Waste; Ministry of Housing, Spatial Planning and the
Environment, 2/2002
• Costs for Municipal Waste Management in the EU, Final Report to Directorate General Environment,
European Commission, 1?/2002
• Data from Belgium, Norway, Italy, The Netherlands, …
• http://www.epa.gov/ttn/catc/products.html#cccinfo
• Rentz, O.; Nunge, S.; Laforsch, M.; Holtmann, T.: Technical Background Document for the Actualisation
and Assessment of UN/ECE Protocols related to the Abatement of the transboundary Transport of
Nitrogen Oxides from Stationary Sources, Report of the Task Force on the Assessment of Abatement
Options/Techniques for Nitrogen Oxides from Stationary Sources, Karlsruhe, September 1999
• RENTZ, O; SCHLEEF, H.-J.; DORN, R.; SASSE, H.; KARL, U.: Emission Control at Stationary Sources in
the Federal Republic of Germany, Sulphur Oxide and Nitrogen Oxide Emission Control, UFOPLAN-Ref.
No. 104 02 360, Karlsruhe, August 1996
• Thomé-Kozmiensky, K. J.: Thermische Abfallbehandlung, EF-Verlag für Energie- und Umweltforschung,
Berlin, 1994
Important Data Sources
4Expert Group on Techno-Economic Issues (EGTEI) 14/06/2002
Incineration in Europe
210
5842 34 34 28 23
11 6 3 3 1
2111 3
0
50
100
150
200
250
F D I UK DK CH S B NL E N A P SF L
Country
Nu
mb
er
of
MS
W in
cin
era
tors
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Mio
t/a
inci
ne
rate
d
Data from: Technical and Site-related Data on Installations in Europe for the Thermal
Treatment of Municipal/Residual Waste, UBA 4/2002
Total: 488
5Expert Group on Techno-Economic Issues (EGTEI) 14/06/2002
Data from: Technical and Site-related Data on Installations in Europe for the Thermal
Treatment of Municipal/Residual Waste, UBA 4/2002
80kt/a
6Expert Group on Techno-Economic Issues (EGTEI) 14/06/2002
From: Costs for Municipal Waste
Management in the EU, Final
Report to Directorate General
Environment, European
Commission, 1?/2002
Problem:
little data
on single
abatement
technics
7Expert Group on Techno-Economic Issues (EGTEI) 14/06/2002
From: Costs for Municipal Waste Management in the EU, Final Report
to Directorate General Environment, European Commission, 1?/2002
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Procedure for Data Transfer to RAINS
Workshop
on tool use
Validated
cost data
according to
NFR format
Cost data
according to
RAINS format
Cost curve
generation
by RAINS
Validated cost data
available for :
- technical annexes
- IPPC data bases
- other data bases
Data
aggregation
Carried out by IIASA
deliverables
Method – tool
describing :
-emission control options
-cost (investment + operational cost )
- range of uncertainties
Application by Parties
- information on emissions , activities
- emission control potential
- costs
- uncertainties
Data validation
Workshop
on tool use
Validated
cost data
according to
NFR format
Cost data
according to
RAINS format
Cost curve
generation
by RAINS
Validated cost data
available for :
- technical annexes
- IPPC data bases
- other data bases
Data
aggregation
Carried out by IIASA
deliverables
9Expert Group on Techno-Economic Issues (EGTEI) 14/06/2002
Methodological Approach for Representing
the Incineration Sector
• Numerous plants (> 500)
• Great variety of plant technologies
Problem:
Simplification by Modular Approach
(1)
10Expert Group on Techno-Economic Issues (EGTEI) 14/06/2002
Methodological approach for representing the
Incineration Sector
(2)
1. Define size classes for incineration
plants [4 classes]
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0-1010-20
20-60
> 60
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Methodological approach for representing the
Incineration Sector
(3)
1. Define size classes for incineration plants [4 classes]
2. Define flue gas treatment modules and characterise them
with technical and economic parameters for two cases:
new plant and retrofit; representation in database tool
3. Verify combined modular plants (summed up) with
global data from literature (see EU-Report, Thomé-K.,….)
13Expert Group on Techno-Economic Issues (EGTEI) 14/06/2002
1 PM abate-
ment
2 Absorption of acids,
gas scrubbing (HCl, SO2)
3 Denitrification 4 Adsorption
Furane, dioxin, POP
Electrostic precipitator
Bag house filter
Dry sorption
semi dry absorption
(spray dryer)
Wet absorption
NaOH
wet absorption Ca(OH)2
SCR
SNCR
adsorption in flow with bag house
adsorption in fixed bed
Boiler furnace
Electrostatic
Class 1:
1+2
Class 2:
1+2+3
Class 3:
1+2+3+4
Class 4:
1+2+3+4
Representation of park of
plants per country, e.g.:
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Example for “grate firing”
Hypothesis
• Standard MSW with calorific value: 10MJ/kg
• Resulting specific flue gas volume: 5000 Nm³ (dry) / Mg
• Yearly full load hours: 7500 h
• Annual throughput : 320.000 Mg MSW
furnace/boiler ESP spray dryer/bag house
2 stage washer flow reactor adsorption
SCR
spray dryer product (mixed salt), fly ash
CaCO3
NaOH
Adsorb NH3
1 2 3 4
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ESP in new installationParameters/Capacities [Mg/h] 0-10 10-20 20-60 >60investment million € 2 3 5 8operating costs €/(Mg/h) 60009 37506 26254 17253capital costs €(/Mg/h) 5477 8216 1266 21909efficiency % PM 99,5 99,7 99,8 99,9
contribution to total investment % 13%operating costs €/Mg 8 5 3,5 2,3contribution to total op.costs % 17%
SPRAY DRYER in new installationParameters/Capacities [Mg/h] 0-10 10-20 20-60 >60investment million € 3,0 6,0 9,0 13,0operating costs €/(Mg/h) 90014 78762 67511 52508capital costs €(/Mg/h) 8214 16428 24642 35594efficiency SO2 % 93,0 95,0 96,0 97,0
contribution to total investment % 24%operating costs €/Mg 12,0 10,5 9,0 7,0contribution to total op.costs % 43%
1
2
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WET ABSORPTION NaOH in new installationParameters/Capacities [Mg/h] 0-10 10-20 20-60 >60investment million € 3,0 7 10,0 16,0operating costs €/(Mg/h) 45007 37506 30005 22504capital costs €(/Mg/h) 8214 19166 27380 43808efficiency SO2 % 90,0 93,0 95,0 97,0
contribution to total investment % 26%operating costs €/Mg 6 5 4,0 3contribution to total op.costs % 19%
ADSORBENT INJECTION INTO FLUE GAS newParameters/Capacities [Mg/h] 0-10 10-20 20-60 >60investment million € 2 4,5 8 12operating costs €/(Mg/h) 36756 27754 21003 15002capital costs €(/Mg/h) 5476 12321 21904 32856efficiency % SO2 90 90 92 92
contribution to total investment % 21%operating costs €/Mg 4,9 3,7 2,8 2contribution to total op.costs % 14%
2
3
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ADSORBENT INJECTION IN FLOW GAS newParameters/Capacities [Mg/h] 0-10 10-20 20-60 >60investment million € 2 4,5 8 12operating costs €/Mg 36756 27754 21003 15002capital costs €/Mg 5476 12321 21904 32856efficiency % SO2 90 90 92 92
contribution to total investment % 21%operating costs €/Mg 4,9 3,7 2,8 2contribution to total op.costs % 14%
total of capital costs €/Mg 12,2total of operating costs €/Mg 20,7
total costs €/Mg 32,9
4
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Waste throughput:Operation hours: 7500 h/a1 Investment:Investment costs 38250000 Euro Yearly costs Costs in ProportionDepreciation 15 year EUR/a EUR/Mg waste in %Interest rate 8,0%Annuity 11,7% 4.468.730 13,96 39,082 Consumption: Unit prices ConsumptionNaOH (50 %) 225,00 EUR/Mg 225 EUR/Mg 0,09 Mg/h 151875 0,47 1,33CaCO3 (100 %) 22,5 EUR/Mg 0,66 Mg/h 111375 0,35 0,97Process water 0,1 EUR/m³ 5,4 m³/h 4050 0,01 0,04Electricity 0,1 EUR/kWh 3000 kWh/h 2250000 7,03 19,67Steam 55 bar 15 EUR/Mg 2,49 Mg/h 280125 0,88 2,45Steam 8 bar 0,5 EUR/Mg 0 Mg/h 0 0,00 0,00Ammonia (25 %) 150 EUR/Mg 0,093 Mg/h 104625 0,33 0,91Auxiliary chemicals:- AlCl3 (30 %) 300 EUR/Mg 0 Mg/h 0 0,00 0,00- TMT 15 300 EUR/Mg 0,012 Mg/h 27000 0,08 0,24- A-Kohle 225 EUR/Mg 0 Mg/h 0 0,00 0,00Adsorbent 150 EUR/Mg 0,159 Mg/h 178875 0,56 1,56Intermediate sum of consumption 3.107.925 9,71 27,183 Residual substances:Spray dryer product 197,5 EUR/Mg 1,08 Mg/h 1599750 5,00 13,99Old adsorbent 197,5 EUR/Mg 0,198 Mg/h 293287,5 0,92 2,56Evaporation residues 325 EUR/Mg 0 Mg/h 0 0,00 0,00HCl (31 %) 15 EUR/Mg 0 Mg/h 0 0,00 0,00Gypsum 15 EUR/Mg 0 Mg/h 0 0,00 0,00Intermediate sum of residual substance 1.893.038 5,92 16,554 Other operating costs:Personal 7 man years 35000 EUR/a 245.000 0,77 2,14Maintenance 4,50% 1.721.250 5,38 15,05Intermediate total of other operating cost 1.966.250 6,14 17,19Total costs per year 11.435.943 100,005 Costs per ton of waste 35,74 EUR/Mg
320000 Mg/a
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19Expert Group on Techno-Economic Issues (EGTEI) 14/06/2002
Main Information Needed for RAINS• processes and abatement options (combinations of
technologies)
• abatement capital costs
• unit operating costs (use of electricity, labour, consumables..)
• abatement efficiencies (…PM: total, coarse [2,5-10µm] and fine
[<2,5µm] fraction)
• annual full load operating hours
• activity data (actual and future) – Mg/year or PJ/year..
• information on data uncertainty
Aggregated from more detailed data (bottom up)
contained in tool