1SpiveyBali Refocusing Education 2
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Transcript of 1SpiveyBali Refocusing Education 2
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2009 Strategic Plan2009 Strategic Plan
Mission:Mission:TheTheICO works withICO works with
ophthalmologic societies and others toophthalmologic societies and others toenhance ophthalmic education andenhance ophthalmic education and
improve access to the highest qualityimprove access to the highest quality
eye care in order to preserve andeye care in order to preserve and
restore vision for the people of therestore vision for the people of theworld.world.
Emphasis:Emphasis:Elevating the level of eyeElevating the level of eye
care worldwide particularly incare worldwide particularly in
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2009 Strategic Plan2009 Strategic PlanExpansion of Focus:Expansion of Focus:
To improve access to eye care worldwide,To improve access to eye care worldwide,
enhancing residency education andenhancing residency education andeducational programs not enougheducational programs not enough
We must advocate for increased support forWe must advocate for increased support for
eye care and build greater capacityeye care and build greater capacity
We should work with and through otherWe should work with and through otherophthalmologic organizations and educationalophthalmologic organizations and educational
institutionsinstitutions
Helping those organizations develop effectiveHelping those organizations develop effective
leadership and organizations will be critical toleadership and organizations will be critical to
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ICO LeadershipICO Leadership
DevelopmentDevelopment Intent not to duplicate LeadershipIntent not to duplicate Leadership
Development Program of AAO, APAO,Development Program of AAO, APAO,
PAAO, SOE, et. al.PAAO, SOE, et. al.
World Ophthalmology Roundtable onWorld Ophthalmology Roundtable on
Leadership DevelopmentLeadership Development (WORLD)(WORLD)
initiated early in 2007initiated early in 2007
WORLD Principles:WORLD Principles: InclusiveInclusive (of all ophthalmology leaders)(of all ophthalmology leaders)
AdvisoryAdvisory (to the ICO)(to the ICO)
Participatory, interactive and connectingParticipatory, interactive and connecting
High touch and high techHigh touch and high tech (online WORLD to come)(online WORLD to come)
OngoingOngoing (not time limited)(not time limited) EvolvinEvolvin
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WORLDWORLD
Purpose:Purpose: To bring leaders ofTo bring leaders of
ophthalmologic societies andophthalmologic societies and
educational institutions together toeducational institutions together to
exchange information and ideas thatexchange information and ideas that
will help them develop effectivewill help them develop effective
organizations and programs toorganizations and programs to
enhance ophthalmic education andenhance ophthalmic education and
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WORLD Meetings:WORLD Meetings:
First:First: February 25, 2007 Lahore,February 25, 2007 Lahore,
PakistanPakistan
Second:Second: March 28 & 31, 2007 March 28 & 31, 2007
DubaiDubaiThird:Third: June 27, 2008 WOC, HongJune 27, 2008 WOC, Hong
KongKong
Fourth:Fourth: May 17, 2009 Bali,May 17, 2009 Bali,
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Where arewe?
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What is Our HistoricalWhat is Our Historical
Experience?Experience?
UGMEUGME Variable with many optionsVariable with many options
GMEGMEPreceptorship oriented w/some supervision andPreceptorship oriented w/some supervision andmuch learning from contemporaries -- good & bad /much learning from contemporaries -- good & bad /
strong & weakstrong & weak
FellowshipFellowship The classic preceptorship with highThe classic preceptorship with high
degree ofdegree of variabilityvariability
CMECME A vast wasteland of much seat time andA vast wasteland of much seat time andlittle formallittle formal adult learning (most learningadult learning (most learningcomes informally andcomes informally and often by observationoften by observation
and one-to-one discussion).and one-to-one discussion).
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What are newWhat are new
thoughts orthoughts oroverlookedoverlookededucationaleducational
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. .AdultsAdults
Alliance for CME * Volume 29, No. 2 FebruaAlliance for CME * Volume 29, No. 2 Februa
ELEMENTELEMENT PEDAGOGICALPEDAGOGICAL
APPROACH -APPROACH -
PASSIVEPASSIVE
ANDRAGOGICAL APPROACH ANDRAGOGICAL APPROACH ACTIVEACTIVE
Diagnosis ofDiagnosis ofNeedNeed
By TeacherBy Teacher By mutual assessmentBy mutual assessment
Setting ofSetting ofObjectivesObjectives
By Teacher
By mutual assessment
DesigningDesigningLearningLearning
PlansPlans
Logic of subjectLogic of subjectmattermatter
Content unitsContent units
Sequenced by readinessSequenced by readiness
Problem unitsProblem units
LearningLearningActivitiesActivities
TransmittalTransmittaltechniquestechniques
Experimental techniques (inquiry)Experimental techniques (inquiry)
EvaluationEvaluation By TeacherBy Teacher Mutual re-diagnosis of needsMutual re-diagnosis of needs
Mutual measurement of programMutual measurement of program
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Old vs. New ApproachOld vs. New Approach
DependentDependent
learnerlearner
HierarchicalHierarchical Constant oversightConstant oversight
Teacher directedTeacher directed
Teach whatTeach whatteacher wants toteacher wants to
teachteach
One time eventOne time event
(e.g. lecture or(e.g. lecture or
IndependentIndependent
learnerlearner
CollegialCollegial GuidanceGuidance
Self directedSelf directed
Teach what learnerTeach what learnerneeds to knowneeds to know
Learning processLearning process
(lifelong,(lifelong,
continuous)continuous)Courtesy of Andrew G. Lee, MD
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Students Learn DifferentlyStudents Learn DifferentlyTake a quiz to profile how YOU prefer to take-in and
give-out information at: http://www.vark-learn.comhttp://www.vark-learn.comVISUALVISUAL
maps,
diagrams,
charts, graphs,
hierarchies,
designs,
patterns
AURALAURAL
lectures,
tutorials, group
discussion,
email,
speaking, web
chat
READ/WRITEREAD/WRITE
PowerPoint, the
internet, lists,
quotations andwords, words,
words...
KINESTHETICKINESTHETIC
demonstrations,
simulations, videos of
"real" things, case
studies, practice,
applications
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Pre-Boomer
1935-45
Boomer
1946-59
Cusper
1960-1968
Buster
1969-1978
Netster
1979-1988+
Educational Approach Varies w/Educational Approach Varies w/
Age GroupAge Group
Motivated by
Accomplishment,
public recognition,
organizational
loyalty,
Independent butconventional
Technically
competent
Values working
w/others
Motivated by
Meeting Own
Goals, Portable
skills training,
mentoring
likes small groups
Cares little what
others think
State-of-the-Art
technology savvy
Motivated by
Recognition from
Boss, mentoring,
skills training,
meeting own
goals
Prefers to work
alone
Technically
savvy
Motivated by
Recognition from
Boss, mentoring
others
Wants others to
work with them
Do well by doing
good, meeting
organization goals
Technically
challenged
Motivated by
Peer and Public
Recognition,
desire for control
Cares deeply
what others think
Technically
challenged
Want others to
work with them
S l d i l
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Several Important EducationalSeveral Important Educational
ThoughtsThoughts
Evidence Based Medicine Education Evidence Based Medicine Education conceptually compelling, demanding inconceptually compelling, demanding inrealityreality
Assessment Drives Learning =Assessment Drives Learning =Testing/Evaluation Drives LearningTesting/Evaluation Drives Learning
If truly interested, learn about:If truly interested, learn about:
Dreyfus model for evaluation 5 stagesDreyfus model for evaluation 5 stages Ericson model of learning by practiceEricson model of learning by practice
Formative and summative evaluationFormative and summative evaluation
Schns model of realistic practiceSchns model of realistic practice
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Systems Challenges in MedicalSystems Challenges in Medical
EducationEducation
Orderly and consistentOrderly and consistent Scientific and performance-basedScientific and performance-based
Based on adult learning evaluationBased on adult learning evaluation
and feedbackand feedback Never-ending and ever-improving.Never-ending and ever-improving.
Our educational performances asOur educational performances as
teachers & learner must be more:teachers & learner must be more:
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Changes are needed at allChanges are needed at all
levels of educationlevels of education UGMEUGME Web-based/ Constant Web-based/ Constant
AssessmentsAssessments
GMEGME Curriculum/Competencies/AndrogogyCurriculum/Competencies/Androgogy
FellowshipFellowship Curriculum/ Formal Curriculum/ Formal
assessmentsassessments
CMECME individualized curriculum individualized curriculum
based on practice profile, self-based on practice profile, self-
assessment and external evaluationassessment and external evaluation
Wh t I th ICOWh t I th ICO
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What Is the ICOWhat Is the ICO
Doing?Doing?
History:History:International Congress of OphthalmologyInternational Congress of Ophthalmology
(1857)(1857)
International Council of OphthalmologyInternational Council of Ophthalmology(1927)(1927)
Mission:Mission:The ICO works withThe ICO works withophthalmologic societies and others toophthalmologic societies and others toenhance ophthalmic education andenhance ophthalmic education and
improve access to the highest quality eyeimprove access to the highest quality eye
care in order to preserve and restore visioncare in order to preserve and restore vision
for the eo le of the world.for the people of the world.
Building a World AllianceBuilding a World Alliance
for Sightfor Sight
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The primary goal of theThe primary goal of the
Refocusing OphthalmicRefocusing Ophthalmic
Education initiative is:Education initiative is:
To enhance all aspects ofTo enhance all aspects of
ophthalmic education globally byophthalmic education globally byengaging the leaders ofengaging the leaders of
ophthalmologic societies andophthalmologic societies and
other educators in redefining theother educators in redefining themost effective ways to teach andmost effective ways to teach and
creating more effectivecreating more effective
educational programs.educational programs.
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2020
ICO 2009: WORLDICO 2009: WORLD
OnlineOnline-- Hired Communications Manager: MonicaHired Communications Manager: Monica
SlaterSlater
- Definition of Information Technology- Definition of Information Technology
Roadmap:Roadmap:Phase 1:Phase 1:
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ICO 2009: WORLDICO 2009: WORLD
OnlineOnlinePotential Subjects for Collaboration:Potential Subjects for Collaboration: Refocusing Ophthalmic Education:Refocusing Ophthalmic Education:
- Developing CountriesDeveloping Countries- Residency (WORD)Residency (WORD)- SubspecialtySubspecialty- Medical StudentMedical Student- Allied Ophthalmic PersonnelAllied Ophthalmic Personnel
- CME (Society CME Chairs)CME (Society CME Chairs) Advocacy (ICO Advocates)Advocacy (ICO Advocates) Society DevelopmentSociety Development LeadershipLeadership
Sub-Saharan AfricaSub-Saharan Africa