1. Next Generation Display Technology

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Next Generation Displays? Next Generation Displays?

(1) Jumbo Interactive Screen Displays (2) Super High Resolution Display FHD UHD Super High Vision (3) Flexible Display Bendable Foldable Wearable /True Flexible (4) Transparent Display (5) Low Cost OLED-TV Manufacturing Printed OLED TV

3

(1) Jumbo Screen Displays

4

5

7.3mm 5.7 mm 5.3 mm

(46) (55) (46)

5.3 mm

Narrow bezel Video Wall Samsung 46x 4

184 Video Wall (46x 16)

Video Wall with Narrow Seam

(2) Super High Resolution Displays

[ FHD UD Super Hi-Vision ] 2M 8M 32M pixels

Surround sound ( 22.2 Ch) + 3D Super Hi-vision Jumbo Screen

Maximum Reality ( )

Shanghai World Expo Theme Pavilion

Super Hi-Vision Theater at the World Expo

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Replacement Current market New Market Creation

BLU 0.3t

CF Glass 0.2t

TFT Glass 0.2t

Thin Glass substrate (0.9t) Plastic Substrate (0.5t)

BLU 0.2t

CF Plastic

0.07t

TFT Plastic

0.07t

New Market Creation (Color OLED Color EPD )

Current Market Replacement (Thin & light panel)

Polishing panel Using the Thin plastic Substrate

Plastic B/W EPD (14.3 180ppi)

Plastic Color EPD

Roam

Design Freedom

Nokia

(3) Flexible Displays

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New Concept Mobile Electronics

Mechanical flexibility

Transparency

Nokia

Samsung

Wexler

Flexible E-book

Wearable Displays

Tomorrows True Flexible OLED

Foldable

Wearable

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LG could Soon Be Supplying Flexible OLED Screens to Apple 'iWatch'

(source: LGE)

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Flexible Displays Market Size (estimated)

Source : Displaybank (2011)

Unit : 100 M$

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Technologies for Flexible Displays

Display mode Display type - LCD, OLED, electronic ink Key issues : - stability, performance, flexibility, etc..

Substrate Materials : - thin metal foil, polymer, flexible glass Key issues : - mechanical stress (shrinkage, thermal expansion, gas permeation, temperature, optical transmittance, etc..

Switching device Semiconductors : - a-Si, LTPS, organic, oxide, oxynitride Key issues : - mobility, stability, fabrication process, transparency

NOKIA, KINETIC

Barrier (Reliability) Materials - Org./Inorg. Multi-layer, Inorg. Multi-layer Key issues : - barrier property, flexibility, process time

Flexible and Stretchable Electronics

Flexible TFT

Flexible Circuit

Flexible Cover glass, Flexible Touch Screen

Flexible Electronics for Flexible Displays

103 102 101 100 10-1 10-2 10-3 10-4

Unit : mobility (cm2/Vs)

Polymer TFT

Small molecules Organic TFT - Amorphous, Crystalline -

a-Si

LTPS

c-Si

Oxides

Org

anic

Org

anic

Inorg

anic

Inorg

anic

TFT Requirements for Displays

15

AMOLEDs

16

Photo-annealed Flexible IGZO TFT & Circuit

-10 -5 0 5 1010

-13

10-12

10-11

10-10

10-9

10-8

10-7

10-6

10-5

10-4

10-3

IG

Dra

in C

urr

ent

(A)

Gate Voltage (V)

VDS = 10 V

W/L =

100/10 m

0m

4m

8m

12m

16m

SQ

RT

Dra

in C

urre

nt (A

1/2)

0 20 40 60 80 100-1.0

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0VDD = 15 V f = 341 kHz

Outp

ut V

oltage (

V)

Time (s)

f > 340 kHz

delay

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Real time Information anytime

(4) Transparent Displays

Augmented Reality

Enhance Office Productivity

OLED TV with Inkjet Printing method

Retrying Printing OLED-TV

(5) Low Cost OLED-TV Manufacturing

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Requirement for Next Generation Displays Requirement for Next Generation Displays

(1) Jumbo Interactive Screen Displays (2) Super High Resolution Display FHD UHD Super High Vision (3) Flexible Display Bendable Foldable Wearable /True Flexible (4) Transparent Display (5) Low Cost OLED-TV Manufacturing Printed OLED TV

- Flexible Substrate

- Flex Encapsulation

- Flex TFT

- Flex Transparent

Touch Screen

- Flex Electronics

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Touch Screen Tomorrow

ITO - High Temp. processing

- Not Flexible

- Rs typical ~100 ohm/

min. 40 ohm/

ITO Replacement

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Why ITO Replacement?

ITO pattern

ITO Replacement

- Metal Mesh . Roll to roll printing . Sputtered Cu . Sputtered Al - Silver nanowire - Silver nanoparticle ink - Conductive polymer

Metal mesh Advantages - Roll to roll patterning - Rs is much lower than ITO - Flexible

[Candidates]

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Source: Cambrios

Cambrios is first-mover and leader

ITO Replacement

Silver Nanowire

Advantages High conductivity (10 / at 94% transmission) High transparency Can be spin-coated or slit-coated

Increased haze at < 30 /

Disadvantages

Source: Uni-Pixel

4~6um Cu line width

Metal mesh - Roll to roll printing low cost

- Flexible, applicable to larger panels

- Resistivity

Tomorrows To-be Touch Screen

1. Z-axis sensing, Hover - Hover to position, then touch to select - Alternatively-

2. True pressure sensing - Press lightly to a point, then press hard to select - True pressure sensing PCap does not exist today Pressure-sensing using an array of organic transistors where pressure changes the gate current pressure-sensing capacitors (3M material) Piezo

3. Pen input w/ any Passive Pen Eliminate Active Pen (Wacom Pen)

4. Plastic cover sensor for Flexible display (instead of Cover Glass)

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Use finger to hover in the browser, just like with a mouse

Apple's hybrid touch input invention, depressible button

Yesterday Yesterday

Resistive

Optical/Acoustic

PCap

Surface Cap

Today Today

PCap dominant

Multi touch /Soft touch

Active Pen input

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Touch screen Evolution Path

Tomorrow Tomorrow

Pcap on Large Format Display

Signage, Education displays

Pen input with

Passive pen

Hovering Z-touch select & press

True Pressure sensing

Hovering or

True Pressure Sensing

Sensor on Plastic cover

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Large Displays with Touch screen

- Larger Format Displays with Touch Screen - Metal mesh Touch Sensor

27

Sheet Resistivity Requirement vs Screen Size

Future Displays

Displays for Watching

Displays that can Interact with Human

& give Maximum Reality

29

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Tele presence

Jumbo screen, Super Hi Vision Video Wall

Future Jumbo Screen Displays

Immersive & Realistic image

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3D with SG

FHD 240 Hz (SG)

UD 240Hz(SG)

(2K x 4K)

UD 3D with SG

Natural 3D without Glasses - Multi View points >18 pts

- SHV 4K8K FHD 3D

Super Hi Vision (SG) (8K x 4K)

SHV

Autostereographic 3D Display

(Without 3D Glasses)

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Holography

Holography in Movie (Minority Report, 2002)

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