GENERATION OF Mobile Phone

4G3G

2G1G

0G

2.5G

5G

PRESENTED BY:NILESH RAHMATKAR(57)SHEKHAR TEKADE(67)DHEERAJ MALVIYA(77)

0G (Mobile Radio Telephone System)

• Pre-cellular system• Half-Duplex communication• Use in vehicles• Only 25 channels available• 20Km range

0G (Mobile Radio Telephone System)

1G

• First-generation wireless communication technology standards

• Originated in the 80’s• Analog signal (AMPS)• Low reach• Low bit-rate (9600 bps)• High interference• Low traffic capacity• “Brick” Phones - 5 kg weight, battery last

30 minutes of conversation

Security Issues with 1G.

• Analog cellular phones are insecure.

• Anyone with an all-band radio receiver can listen in to the conversation.

DRAWBACKS:

• 1G Poor voice quality• Poor battery life• Large phone size• No security• Frequent call drops• Limited capacity • Poor handoff reliability.

2G• First great update on mobile

communication• Introduced in the 90’s• Fully digital network• GSM – first standard• Better voice encoding

2G

DRAWBACKS OF 2G

• First great update on mobile communication

• Introduced in the 90’s• Fully digital network• GSM – first standard• Better voice encoding

2.5G• GPRS - Newer and better bandwidth technology

• Bit-rate: 114 kbps

• Working on the basis of emails, it sends text and graphics-rich data as packets at very fast speed.

Intermediate technologies: 2G3GNewer and better bandwidth technologies

DRAWBACKS

• The problem, however, was that much of the digital network was implemented for, or overlaid onto, proprietary networking equipment.

• Taken together, 2G and 2.5G technologies are far from seamless.

• both systems offer digital voice at a relatively low speed with very little bandwidth left over for data.

3G• WCDMA technology (384kbps)

• Wide band wireless network

• Packet switching

• Global roaming

• Fast communication, internet access, mobile TV, gaming…

• Voice quality comparable to the public switched telephone network.

• 144 Kbps data rate available to users in high-speed motor vehicles over large areas

• 384 Kbps available to pedestrians standing or moving slowly over small areas

• Support for 2.048 Mbps for office use

DRAWBACKS:

• High bandwidth requirement

• High spectrum licensing fees

• Huge capital

4G

• Characterised by high-speed data rates.• In 4G the download speed is up to 100 Mbps

for moving users and 1 Gbps for stationary users

• Used instead of CDMA

• Lower cost than previous generations

Technology 3G 4G

Data Transfer Rate 3.1MB /sec 100MB/sec

Internet services Broadband Ultra Broadband

Mobile -TV Resolution

Low High

Bandwidth 5 - 20 MHz 100 +MHz

Frequency 1.6- 2 GHZ 2 – 8 GHz

Network Architecture

Wide Area Network Hybrid Network

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN 3G & 4G

ADVANTAGES OF 4G

• Affordable communication services. • High speed,high capacity and low cost per bit. • Support for interactive multimedia, voice ,

streaming video, Internet and other broadband services.

DRAWBACKS IN 4G

• SMS - very low rate, highly delay-tolerant & requires more reliability than voice

• E-mail - very low rate, highly delay-tolerant & requires more reliability.

5G

• 5G is next major phase of mobile telecommunications standards

beyond the 4G• 10 times more capacity and broadband capabilities than other • Expected speed 1GB/S

FEATURES OF 5G

• Bi-directional large bandwidth.• Large broadcasting.• Less traffic.• 25 Mbps connectivity speed.

Hardware & Software of 5G

ADVANTAGES OF 5G

• Data BW of 1 Gbps or higher• Globally accessible• Dynamic information access

Applications of 5G

• Wearable devices with AI (Artificial Intelligence) capabilities

• 5G i-phones • Media independent handover

AQ&