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FUNDAMENTALS

OF NURSINGPRACTICE

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NURSING

Latin word NUTRIX to nourish

A caring profession

An ART and SCIENCE 4 major concepts:

PERSON

ENVIRONMENT HEALTH NURSING

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NURSING

The act of utilizing the environment of thepatient to assist him in his recovery(NIGHTINGALE)

Act of assisting the individual, sick or well,in the performance of those activitiescontributing to health or its recovery (or to

peaceful death) that he would performunaided if he had necessary strength, willor knowledge (HENDERSON)

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NURSING

Direct, goal-oriented, and adaptable to theneeds of the individual, family, communityduring health and illness (ANA 1973)

The diagnosis and treatment of humanresponses to actual and potential healthproblems (ANA 1980)

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NURSING

The protection, promotion, andoptimization of health and abilities,preventions of illness and injury,

alleviation of suffering through thediagnosis and treatment of humanresponses, and advocacy in the care of

individuals, families, communities andpopulations (ANA 2003)

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NURSING

Encompasses autonomous andcollaborative care of individual of all ages,families, groups and communities, sick orwell, and in all settings

NURSING is:

Caring - helping profession

Client centered - concern with: Holistic - health promotion

Adaptive - health maintenance - health restoration

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CHARACTERISTICS OF NURSING

Nursing is caring

Nursing involves close personal contact with therecipient of care

Nursing is concerned with services that takehumans into account as physiological,psychological, emotional and sociologicalorganism

Nursing is committed to promoting individual,family, community, and national health goals inits best manner possible

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CHARACTERISTICS OF NURSING

Nursing is committed to personalizedservices for all persons without regard tocolor, creed, social or economic status

Nursing is committed to involvement inethical, legal and political issues in thedelivery of care

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HUMAN RESPONSE PATTERNS

EXCHANGING mutual giving andreceiving

COMMUNICATING transmission ofmessages

RELATING establishing bonds

CHOOSING selection of alternatives MOVING - activity

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HUMAN RESPONSE PATTERNS

PERCEIVING reception of information

KNOWING meaning associated withinformation

FEELING subjective awareness ofinformation

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NURSING in the PHILIPPINES

Early Beliefs and Practices

Disease causes associated withsuperstition an mysticism

Another person

Evil spirits

Belief that evil spirits should be driven away

Beliefs in special gods of healing and theirintermediary

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Early Care of the Sick

Persons suffering from disease of

unidentified causemangkukulam ormanggagaway

Difficult childbirthnonos

Midwives (mabuting hilot) assist childbirthDifficult labor/childbirth gunpowder

exploded from a bamboo

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Spanish Regime religious orders exertedeffort to care for the sick by buildinghospitals

Earliest hospitals

Hospital Real de Manila (1577)

San Lazaro Hospital (1578)

Hospital de Indio (1586)

Hospital de Aguas Santas (1590)

San Juan de Dios Hospital (1596)

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Nursing during the Philippine Revolution

Josephine Bracken installed a field hospitalin an estate house n Tejeros; provided

nursing care to the wounded Rosa Sevilla de Alvero converted their house

into quarters for the Filipino soldiers, during

the Philippine-American War Dona Hilaria de Aguinaldo organized the

Filipino Red Cross under the inspiration ofApolinario Mabini

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Dona Maria Agoncillo de Aguinaldo providednursing care to Filipino soldiers during the

revolution; President of the Filipino Red Crossbranch in Batangas

Melchora Aquino nursed the wounded

Filipino soldiers and gave them shelter andfood

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Capitan Salome revolutionary leader inNueva Ecija; provided nursing care to the

when not in combatAgueda Kahabagan revolutionary leader in

Laguna; also provided nursing services to her

troops Trinidad TecsonIna ng Biac na Bato;

stayed in the hospital at Biac na Bato to carefor the wounded soldiers

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Filipino Red Cross

Malolos, Bulacan location of nationalheadquarters

Established branches in provinces

Funtions:

Collection of war funds and materials through

concerts, charity bazaars, and voluntarycontributions

Provisions of nursing care to wounded Filipinosoldiers

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Hospitals and Schools of Nursing

Iloilo Mission Hospital School of Nursing (IloiloCity, 1906)

Ran by Baptist Foreign Mission Society of America

Miss Rose Nicolet 1st superintendent for nurses

March 1944 22 nurses graduated

April 1944 graduate nurses took the 1st NursesBoard Examination at the Iloilo Mission Hospital

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Hospitals and Schools of Nursing St. Pauls Hospital School of Nursing (Manila,

1907)

Established by the Archbishop of Manila, MostReverend Jeremiah Harty, under the supervision ofthe Sisters of St. Paul de Chartres

Located in Intramuros, provided general hospitalservices

Had a free dispensary and dental clinic

Opened its training school for nurses in 1908 withRev. Mother Melanie as superintendent and Miss E.Chambers as Principal

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Philippine General Hospital School of Nursing(1097)

Mrs. Mary Coleman Masters (1906)

1907 with support of Governor General Forbes andthe Director of Health opened classes in nursingunder the auspices of the Bureau of Education

Julia Nichols and Charlotte Clayton taughtnursing subjects

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Philippine General Hospital School of Nursing(1097)

Act of 1976 (1910) modified organization ofschool; became known as Philippine GeneralHospital School of Nursing

Elsie McCloskey-Gaches chief nurse that

introduced several improvements in the schoolAnastacia Giron-Tupas 1st Filipino nurse to

occupy the position of chief nurse andsuperintendent

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St. Lukes Hospital School of Nursing (QuezonCity, 1907)

An Episcopalian Institution

Opened with 3 Filipino girls admitted

Miss Helen Hicks 1st Principal

Mrs. Vitaliana Beltran 1st Filipino superintendentfor nurses

Dr. Jose Fores 1st Filipino Medical Director

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Central School Idea in Nursing

REQUIREMENTS

Educational preparation, at least completion of 7thgrade

Sound physical and mental health

Good moral character

Good family and social standing

Recommendations from 3 different persons wellknown in the community

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Hospitals and Schools of Nursing Mary Johnston Hospital and School of Nursing

(Manila, 1907)

Was called Bethany Dispensary and was funded bythe Methodist Mission

Sr. Rebecca Parish, Rose Dudley and GertrudeDreisback organized the Mary Johnston school ofnursing

Burned down in 1945, reconstructed and reopenedin 1947 at the Harris Memorial

Miss Librada Javalera 1st Filipino director of theschool

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Philippine Christian Mission Institute Schoolsof Nursing

The United Christian Missionary Society ofIndianapolis operated 3 schools of nursing:

Sallie Long Read Memorial Hospital School ofNursing (Laoag, Ilocos Norte, 1903)

Mary Chiles Hospital School of Nursing (Manila,1911)

Frank Dunn Memorial Hospital (Vigan, llocos Sur,1912)

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San Juan de Dios Hospital School of Nursing(Manila, 1913)

Founded through the initiative of Dr. Benito Valdez

Run by the Daughters of Charity

Sister Taciana Trinanes 1st directress of theschool

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Hospitals and Schools of Nursing Emmanuel Hospital School of Nursing (Capiz,

1913)

Founded by the American Baptist Foreign Mission

Society through Dr. P.H.J. Lerrigo

School offered 3-year training course

Miss Ciara Pedrosa 1st Filipino principal

Southern Islands Hospital School of Nursing(Cebu, 1918)

Established under the Bureau of Health

Anastacia Giron-Tupas organizer; Miss Visitacion

Perez 1st

principal

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Zamboanga General Hospital School of Nursing(1921)

Chinese General Hospital School of Nursing (1921) Baguio General Hospital School of Nursing (1923)

Manila Sanitarium and Hospital School of Nursing(1930)

St. Pauls School of Nursing in iloilo City (1946) North General Hospital and School of Nursing (1946)

Siliman University School of Nursing (1947)

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FIRST COLLEGES OF NURSING

University of Sto. Tomas College of Nursing(1946)

Manila Central University College of Nursing(1947)

University of the Philippines College of

Nursing (1948)

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NURSING LEADERS

Anastacia Giron-Tupas 1st Filipino to holdthe position of Chief Nurse Superintendent

Founder of the Philippine Nurses Association

Cesaria Tan 1st Filipino to receive a Mastersdegree in Nursing abroad

Socorro Sirilan pioneered in Hospital SocialService in San Lazaro Hospital where she waschief nurse

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NURSING LEADERS

Rosa Militar a pioneer in school health education

Sor Ricarda Mendoza a pioneer in nursing

education Soccoro Diaz 1steditor of the PNA magazine The

Message

Conchita Reyes 1st full-time editor of the newly

named PNA magazine The Filipino Nurse Loreto TupazDean of the Philippine Nursing;

Florence Nightingale of Iloilo

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NURSING ORGANIZATIONS

Philippine Nurses Association

National League of Nurses

Catholic Nurses Guild of the Philippines

Others:

ORNAP

MCNAP RENAP

CCNAPI, etc.

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Documents

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