19th Century Time Line

Evan kelling

1862

Homestead act introduced. This gave citizens 160 acres of free federal land to occupy west of the Mississippi river, by just filling out an application

1864

Massacre at Sand Creek. Cheyenne Indians returned to Sand Creek Reservation, and were killed by federal troops.

1890

Battle of Wounded Knee Creek. Sioux were moved to this camp, and had their weapons taken, a shot went off and the federal soldiers opened fire

1865

After the civil war, demand for beef rapidly grew. The first stock yards opened in 1865.

1866

The “cowboy” began to grow more in popularity and were working on the plains with cattle.

18681867

Union pacific and the Central pacific railroad companies both were building transcontinental rail roads.

Government takes greenbacks out of circulation, which made the value of money rise but lowered prices of farmers crops, and made debts higher.

1867

Patrons of Husbandry started to help farmers families with education.

1862

Morrill act passed, which gave federal land to states for agricultural colleges

Farm equipment begins to get better and easier to use with bigger results

1869 1885

More than 900 manufactures of farm equipment were in service by this time.

1890

Farms began to suffer from droughts and many declared bankruptcy, this lasted till about 1890

1892

Populist Party host convention to lift debts for farmers.

Panic of 1893, multiple railroad companies declared bankruptcy. The price of gold and silver fell, and over 15000 businesses and 500 banks closed

1893 1894

By December of this year 1 fifth of the American population was unemployed, with some starving also.

1659

Edwin L. Drake, invented the first steam engine to drill for oil, which created a boom for oil refining all around.

Christopher Sholes created the typewriter which changed the world of work.

1867 1867

Thomas Alva Edison established the first research lab, where he made the first incandescent light bulb.

1869

The Central pacific and Union pacific railroads meet at Utah to finish the first transcontinental railroad, the golden spike was put down to symbolize this.

1869

Professor C. F Dowd proposed the earths surface be divided into 24 time zones, which helped times with the railroad going coast to coast.

1870

John D. Rockefeller’s standard oil company was started and ran about 3% of the countries crude oil. He ended up being the richest man in the world.

1873

Andrew Carnegie entered the steel business to become one of the richest men in the world by making the steel for railroads.

1876

The telephone was unveiled by Alexander Graham Bell and Thomas Watson. Which opened the way for a new way of worldwide communication.

1877

Great strike of 1887, workers at the Baltimore and Ohio railroad company went on strike for terribly low wages, which spread to other railroad lines.

1886

The Haymarket Affair; about 3000 people gathered at Chicago's Haymarket square to protest against police brutality, a bomb was thrown at police, the police then fired on the crowd.

1888

First railroad statistics published for casualties. 2000 employees died and 20,000 were injured.

Pullman company strike started after they didn’t raise wages, the strike turned violent and president Grover Cleveland had to call in federal troops

1892

Workers at Carnegie’s steel mill went on strike because they found out their wages were being cut. Henry Frick hired body guards to keep it open but it didn’t work

Panic of 1893 caused the Pullman steel company to lay off more than half of its employees and cut wages by 25-50%

1893 1894 1894

Scabs, or strike breakers, were hired in factories for lower wages to keep the factory operating during the strike.

1870

Europeans had to stop at Ellis Island to be admitted into the united states. It Ended up being the chief immigration station in the US.

1870

Industrial strength grew which led to growth of cities known as urbanization.

Street cars introduced in San Francisco for better transportation.

19731871

Boss Tweed Led the Tweed Ring Group. A group of corrupt politicians, trying to defraud the city.

1883

Political machines come about, organized group which offered services to voters and business’s for political or financial support.

Once political machines had their candidates in office they would graft, which is the illegal use of political influence for personal gain.

Congress closed off Chinese immigration for 10 years by passing the Chinese Exclusion Act.

1882

The machines would get people jobs; the workers would charge the city more for supplies than usual and gave the profits to the machines.

1885

Reformers began to press for civil service, gave government administration jobs to people no matter what their views were and simply had to be qualified.

On the western side of the US many Asians mostly Chinese went through Angel Island in San Francisco bay, to get into the US.

1890 1910

By this time immigrant families made up more than half the population of 18 major American cities.

1857

Frederick Law Olmsted was put in charge of planning urban parks. Drew up a plan for Greensward to become central park.

1870

Southern states passed racial segregation laws to separate white and black people in public and private facilities.

1881

Booker T. Washington heads the Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute, no called Tuskegee University, located in Alabama.

1883

John Pulitzer Buys “New York World” paper company.

1886

Richard Sears starts his mail order catalog company, by 1910 10 million people ordered from the mail.

1884

Mark Twain Publishes “The adventures of Huckleberry Fin” which became famous for portraying life on the Mississippi.

1892

Ida B. Wells starting editing for a paper and reported about racial justice.

1895

W.E.B. Du Bois became the first African American to receive a doctorate from Harvard University

1895

William Randolph Hurst buys the New York Morning Journal, him and Pulitzer end up being very competitive.

In the case of Plessy Vs. Ferguson the supreme court ruled separation of races in public areas was legal.

1896 1903

Orville and Wilbur Wright have the first successful flight with the biplane. It covered 120 feet and flew for 12 seconds.

Many Mexicans and African Americans were forced into debt peonage, which bound them to slavery until their debt to their owner was paid off.

1902

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