19RSRK02 QRA BAIC SA (Coega) Rev 2 fin comments · quantitative risk assessment of the baic sa...

QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT OF THE BAIC SA AUTOMOTIVE MANUFACTURING LTD FACILITY LOCATED IN THE COEGA SPECIAL ECONOMICDEVELOPMENT ZONE, EASTERN CAPE PROVINCE

© RISCOM (PTY) LTD R /19/SRK˗01 Rev 2 Page 17-2

Land Use (Saint Georges Strand)

Figure 17-1: St Georges Strand Layout of Erven

QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT OF THE BAIC SA AUTOMOTIVE MANUFACTURING LTD FACILITYLOCATED IN THE COEGA SPECIAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ZONE, EASTERN CAPE PROVINCE


LPG Layout and design



18 APPENDIX H: PADHI LAND-PLANNING TABLES

Development Type Table 1: People at Work, Parking

DevelopmentType

ExamplesDevelopment Detail

and SizeJustification

DT1.1Workplaces

Offices, factories,warehouses, haulage

depots, farm buildings,nonretail markets,

builder’s yards

Workplaces(predominantly

nonretail), providing forless than 100

occupants in eachbuilding and less than

3 occupied storeys(Level 1)

Places where theoccupants will be fit

and healthy and couldbe organised easily for

emergency actionMembers of the publicwill not be present orwill be present in verysmall numbers and for

a short time

Exclusions

DT1.1 x1Workplaces

(predominantlynonretail) providing for100 or more occupantsin any building or 3 ormore occupied storeys

in height (Level 2except where the

development is at themajor hazard site itself,

where it remainsLevel 1)

Substantial increase innumbers at risk withno direct benefit fromexposure to the risk

Sheltered workshops,Remploy

DT1.1 x2Workplaces

(predominantlynonretail) specifically

for people withdisabilities (Level 3)

Those at risk may beespecially vulnerable

to injury fromhazardous events orthey may not be ableto be organised easilyfor emergency action

DT1.2ParkingAreas

Car parks, truck parks,lockup garages

Parking areas with noother associated

facilities (other thantoilets; Level 1)

Exclusions

Car parks with picnicareas or at a retail or

leisure development orserving a park and ride

interchange

DT1.2 x1Where parking areasare associated withother facilities anddevelopments the

sensitivity level and thedecision will be based

on the facility ordevelopment


© RISCOM (PTY) LTD R /19/SRK˗01 Rev 2 -3

Development Type Table 2: Developments for Use by the General Public

DevelopmentType



DT2.1Housing

Houses, flats, retirementflats or bungalows,

residential caravans,mobile homes

Developments up toand including 30

dwelling units and at adensity of no morethan 40 per hectare

(Level 2)

Developmentwhere people

live or aretemporarily

residentIt may be difficult

to organisepeople in theevent of anemergency

Exclusions

Infill, back-landdevelopment

DT2.1 x1Developments of 1 or

2 dwelling units(Level 1)

Minimal increasein numbers at

risk

Larger housingdevelopments

DT2.1 x2Larger developments

for more than 30dwelling units (Level 3)

Substantialincrease in

numbers at risk

DT2.1 x3Any developments (formore than 2 dwellingunits) at a density of

more than 40 dwellingunits per hectare

(Level 3)

High-densitydevelopments

DT2.2Hotel or Hostel

or HolidayAccommodation

Hotels, motels, guesthouses, hostels, youthhostels, holiday camps,holiday homes, halls ofresidence, dormitories,

accommodation centres,holiday caravan sites,

camping sites

Accommodation up to100 beds or 33

caravan or tent pitches(Level 2)

Developmentwhere people are

temporarilyresident

It may be difficultto organise

people in theevent of anemergency

Exclusions

Smaller: guest houses,hostels, youth hostels,holiday homes, halls ofresidence, dormitories,holiday caravan sites,

camping sites

DT2.2 x1Accommodation of

less than 10 beds or 3caravan or tent pitches

(Level 1)


risk

Larger: hotels, motels,hostels, youth hostels,holiday camps, holiday

homes, halls of residence,dormitories, holiday

DT2.2 x2Accommodation of

more than 100 beds or33 caravan or tentpitches (Level 3)


numbers at risk



DevelopmentType



caravan sites, campingsites

DT2.3Transport Links

Motorway, dualcarriageway

Major transport links intheir own right i.e. notas an integral part ofother developments

(Level 2)

Prime purpose isas a transport

linkPotentially large

numbersexposed to riskbut exposure ofan individual isonly for a short

period

Exclusions

Estate roads, accessroads

DT2.3 x1Single carriageway

roads (Level 1)

Minimal numberspresent and

mostly a smallperiod of time

exposed to riskAssociated with

otherdevelopment

Any railway or tram trackDT2.3 x2

Railways (Level 1)

Transientpopulation, small

period of timeexposed to riskPeriods of time

with nopopulation

present



DevelopmentType



DT2.4Indoor Use by

Public

Food and drink:restaurants, cafes, drive-through fast food, pubs

Retail: shops, petrol fillingstation (total floor spacebased on shop area not

forecourt), vehicle dealers(total floor space based on

showroom or salesbuilding not outside displayareas), retail warehouses,

super-stores, smallshopping centres, markets,financial and professional

services to the publicCommunity and adult

education: libraries, artgalleries, museums,exhibition halls, day

surgeries, health centres,religious buildings,

community centres. adulteducation, 6th form

college, college of FEAssembly and leisure:

Coach or bus or railwaystations, ferry terminals,

airports, cinemas, concertor bingo or dance halls,

conference centres, sportsor leisure centres, sportshalls, facilities associatedwith golf courses, flying

clubs (e.g. changingrooms, club house), indoor

go kart tracks

Developments for useby the general public

where total floor spaceis from 250 m2 up to5000 m2 (Level 2)

Developmentswhere membersof the public willbe present (but

not resident)Emergency

action may bedifficult tocoordinate

Exclusions

DT2.4 x1Development with lessthan 250 m2 total floor

space (Level 1)


risk

DT2.4 x2Development withmore than 5000 m2

total floor space(Level 3)


numbers at risk

DT2.5Outdoor Use by

Public

Food and drink: foodfestivals, picnic areas

Retail: outdoor markets,car boot sales, funfairs

Principally an outdoordevelopment for useby the general public

i.e. developmentswhere people will

Developmentswhere membersof the public willbe present (but

not resident)



DevelopmentType



Community and adulteducation: open-air

theatres and exhibitionsAssembly and leisure:coach or bus or railwaystations, park and ride

interchange, ferryterminals, sports stadia,sports fields or pitches,funfairs, theme parks,

viewing stands, marinas,playing fields, children’s

play areas, BMX or go karttracks, country parks,

nature reserves, picnicsites, marquees

predominantly beoutdoors and not more

than 100 people willgather at the facility atany one time (Level 2)

either indoors oroutdoors

Emergencyaction may be

difficult tocoordinate

Exclusions

Outdoor markets, car bootsales, funfairs picnic area,park and ride interchange,viewing stands, marquees

DT2.5 x1Predominantly open-

air developments likelyto attract the general

public in numbersgreater than 100

people but up to 1000at any one time

(Level 3)


numbers at riskand more

vulnerable due tobeing outside

Theme parks, funfairs,large sports stadia and

events, open air markets,outdoor concerts, pop

festivals

DT2.5 x2Predominantly open-

air developments likelyto attract the general

public in numbersgreater than 1000

people at any one time(Level 4)

Very substantialincrease in

numbers at risk,more vulnerable

due to beingoutside

Emergencyaction may be

difficult tocoordinate



Development Type Table 3: Developments for Use by Vulnerable People

DevelopmentType



DT3.1Institutional

Accommodationand Education

Hospitals,convalescent homes,nursing homes, old

people’s homes withwarden on site or ‘on

call’, shelteredhousing, nurseries,

crèches, schools andacademies for

children up to schoolleaving age

Institutional,educational and

specialaccommodation forvulnerable people or

that provides aprotective

environment (Level 3)

Places providing anelement of care or

protectionBecause of age,

infirmity or state ofhealth the occupants

may be especiallyvulnerable to injury

from hazardousevents

Emergency actionand evacuation may

be very difficult

Exclusions


people’s homes,sheltered housing

DT3.1 x124-hour care where

the site on theplanning applicationbeing developed is

larger than0.25 hectare (Level 4)

Substantial increasein numbers of

vulnerable people atrisk

Schools, nurseries,crèches

DT3.1 x2Day care where thesite on the planning

application beingdeveloped is larger

than 1.4 hectare(Level 4)

Substantial increasein numbers of

vulnerable people atrisk

DT3.2Prisons

Prisons, remandcentres

Secureaccommodation forthose sentenced bycourt, or awaitingtrial, etc. (Level 3)

Places providingdetention

Emergency actionand evacuation may

be very difficult



Development Type Table 4: Very Large and Sensitive Developments

DevelopmentType



Note: all Level 4 developments are by exception from Level 2 or 3 and are reproduced inthis table for convenient reference

DT4.1Institutional

Accommodation


people’s homes,sheltered housing

Large developmentsof institutional and

specialaccommodation for

vulnerable people (orthat provide a

protectiveenvironment) where

24-hour care isprovided and where

the site on theplanning applicationbeing developed is

larger than0.25 hectare (Level 4)


protectionBecause of age orstate of health theoccupants may be

especially vulnerableto injury from

hazardous eventsEmergency action

and evacuation maybe very difficultThe risk to an

individual may besmall but there is a

larger societalconcern

Nurseries, crèches,schools for childrenup to school leaving

age

Large developmentsof institutional and

specialaccommodation for

vulnerable people (orthat provide a

protectiveenvironment) where

day care (not 24-hourcare) is provided andwhere the site on theplanning applicationbeing developed is

larger than 1.4 hectare(Level 4)


protectionBecause the

occupants may beespecially vulnerable

to injury fromhazardous eventsEmergency action

and evacuation maybe very difficultThe risk to an



DT4.2Very Large

Outdoor Use byPublic

Theme parks, largesports stadia andevents, open airmarkets, outdoor

concerts, popfestivals

Predominantly open-air developments

where there could bemore than

1000 people present(Level 4)

People in the openair may be moreexposed to toxic

fumes and thermalradiation than if they

were in buildingsLarge numbers make

emergency actionand evacuation

difficultThe risk to an





19 APPENDIX I: INCIDENT SCENARIOS

LPG Scenarios

Storage Vessels

Scenario

No.

Equipment

DescriptionScenario Type Medium Incident Duration (min)

Event

Frequency

/annum

System

Reaction 1

System

Reaction 1

Probability

System

Reaction 2

System

Reaction 2

Probability

Probability

of ignition

Total System

Event

Frequency

/annum

19BLPG-101 LPG Tank 1 Catastrophic failure LPG BLEVE Instantaneous 5.00E-07 Deluge System 0.1 None 1 0.49 2.45E-08

19BLPG-102 LPG Tank 1 Catastrophic failure LPG Flash Fire Instantaneous 5.00E-07 None 1 None 1 0.306 1.53E-07

19BLPG-103 LPG Tank 1 Catastrophic failure LPG VCE Instantaneous 5.00E-07 None 1 None 1 0.204 1.02E-07

19BLPG-104 LPG Tank 1 Fixed duration release LPG Jet fire 10 5.00E-07 None 1 None 1 0.5 2.50E-07

19BLPG-105 LPG Tank 1 Fixed duration release LPG Flash Fire 10 5.00E-07 None 1 None 1 0.48 2.40E-07

19BLPG-106 LPG Tank 1 Fixed duration release LPG VCE 10 5.00E-07 None 1 None 1 0.2 1.00E-07

19BLPG-107 LPG Tank 1 Fixed duration release LPG Pool fire `10 5.00E-07 None 1 None 1 0.00E+00

19BLPG-108 LPG Tank 1 10 mm Hole LPG Jet fire 30 1.00E-05 None 1 None 1 0.2 2.00E-06

19BLPG-109 LPG Tank 1 10 mm Hole LPG Flash Fire 30 1.00E-05 None 1 None 1 0.48 4.80E-06

19BLPG-110 LPG Tank 1 10 mm Hole LPG VCE 30 1.00E-05 None 1 None 1 0.32 3.20E-06

19BLPG-111 LPG Tank 1 PSV fails open LPG Jet fire 30 1.00E-05 None 1 None 1 0.2 2.00E-06

19BLPG-112 LPG Tank 1 PSV fails open LPG Flash Fire 30 1.00E-05 None 1 None 1 0.48 4.80E-06

19BLPG-113 LPG Tank 1 PSV fails open LPG VCE 30 1.00E-05 None 1 None 1 0.32 3.20E-06



Scenario

No.

Equipment


Event

Frequency

/annum

System

Reaction 1

System

Reaction 1

Probability

System

Reaction 2

System

Reaction 2

Probability

Probability

of ignition

Total System

Event

Frequency

/annum

19BLPG-201 LPG Tank 1 Catastrophic failure LPG BLEVE Instantaneous 5.00E-07 Deluge System 0.1 None 1 0.49 2.45E-08

19BLPG-202 LPG Tank 2 Catastrophic failure LPG Flash Fire Instantaneous 5.00E-07 None 1 None 1 0.306 1.53E-07

19BLPG-203 LPG Tank 2 Catastrophic failure LPG VCE Instantaneous 5.00E-07 None 1 None 1 0.204 1.02E-07

19BLPG-204 LPG Tank 1 Fixed duration release LPG Pool Fire 10 0.5 0.00E+00

19BLPG-205 LPG Tank 2 Fixed duration release LPG Jet fire 10 5.00E-07 None 1 None 1 0.48 2.40E-07

19BLPG-206 LPG Tank 2 Fixed duration release LPG Flash Fire 10 5.00E-07 None 1 None 1 0.2 1.00E-07

19BLPG-207 LPG Tank 2 Fixed duration release LPG VCE 10 5.00E-07 None 1 None 1 0.00E+00

19BLPG-208 LPG Tank 2 Fixed duration release LPG Pool fire `10 5.00E-07 None 1 None 1 0.2 1.00E-07

19BLPG-209 LPG Tank 2 10 mm Hole LPG Jet fire 30 1.00E-05 None 1 None 1 0.48 4.80E-06

19BLPG-210 LPG Tank 2 10 mm Hole LPG Flash Fire 30 1.00E-05 None 1 None 1 0.32 3.20E-06

19BLPG-211 LPG Tank 2 10 mm Hole LPG Pool fire 30 1.00E-05 None 1 None 1 0.2 2.00E-06

19BLPG-212 LPG Tank 2 10 mm Hole LPG VCE 30 1.00E-05 None 1 None 1 0.48 4.80E-06

19BLPG-213 LPG Tank 2 PSV fails open LPG Jet fire 30 1.00E-05 None 1 None 1 0.2 2.00E-06

19BLPG-214 LPG Tank 2 PSV fails open LPG Flash Fire 30 1.00E-05 None 1 None 1 0.48 4.80E-06

19BLPG-215 LPG Tank 2 PSV fails open LPG VCE 30 1.00E-05 None 1 None 1 0.32 3.20E-06



Road Tanker Offloading (Gantry)

Scenario

No.

Equipment


Event

Frequency

/annum

System

Reaction 1

System

Reaction 1

Probability

System

Reaction 2

System

Reaction 2

Probability

Probability

of ignition

Total System

Event

Frequency

/annum

19BLPG-301 Road Tanker Catastrophic failure LPG BLEVE Instantaneous 5.00E-07 % time on site 1.81E-01 None 1 0.49 4.45E-08

19BLPG-302 Road Tanker Catastrophic failure LPG Flash Fire Instantaneous 5.00E-07 % time on site 1.81E-01 None 1 0.306 2.78E-08

19BLPG-303 Road Tanker Catastrophic failure LPG VCE Instantaneous 5.00E-07 % time on site 1.81E-01 None 1 0.204 1.85E-08

19BLPG-304 Road Tanker Fixed duration release LPG Pool Fire 38.3 None % time on site 1.81E-01 1

19BLPG-305 Road Tanker Fixed duration release LPG Jet fire 38.3 5.00E-07 % time on site 1.81E-01 None 1 0.5 4.54E-08

19BLPG-306 Road Tanker Fixed duration release LPG Flash Fire 38.3 5.00E-07 % time on site 1.81E-01 None 1 0.3 2.72E-08

19BLPG-307 Road Tanker Fixed duration release LPG VCE 38.3 5.00E-07 % time on site 1.81E-01 None 1 0.2 1.81E-08

19BLPG-308Road Tanker Rupture of offloading hose LPG Jet Fire 30 3.50E-02 % time on site 1.8E-01

Intervention by

operator 0.1 0.5 3.18E-04

19BLPG-309Road Tanker Rupture of offloading hose LPG Flash Fire 30 3.50E-02 % time on site 1.8E-01

Intervention by

operator 0.1 0.3 1.91E-04

19BLPG-310Road Tanker Rupture of offloading hose LPG VCE 30 3.50E-02 % time on site 1.8E-01

Intervention by

operator 0.1 0.2 1.27E-04

19BLPG-311Road Tanker Leak of offloading hose LPG Jet Fire 30 3.50E-01 % time on site 1.8E-01

Intervention by

operator 0.1 0.2 1.27E-03

19BLPG-312Road Tanker Leak of offloading hose LPG Flash Fire 30 3.50E-01 % time on site 1.8E-01

Intervention by

operator 0.1 0.48 3.05E-03

19BLPG-313Road Tanker Leak of offloading hose LPG VCE 30 3.50E-01 % time on site 1.8E-01

Intervention by

operator 0.1 0.32 2.03E-03



20 APPENDIX J: MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS

Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG)

The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards

L.P.G.

Synonyms & Trade Names

Bottled gas, Compressed petroleum gas, Liquefied hydrocarbon gas, Liquefied petroleum gas [Note: A fuel mixture of propane,

propylene, butanes, and butylenes.]

CAS No.

68476-85-7

RTECS No.

SE7545000

DOT ID & Guide

1075 115

Formula

C₃H₈/C₃H₆/C₄H₁₀/C₄H₈

Conversion

1 ppm = 1.72-2.37 mg/m3

IDLH

2000 ppm [10% LEL]

See: 68476857

Exposure Limits

NIOSH REL

TWA 1000 ppm (1800 mg/m )

OSHA PEL

TWA 1000 ppm (1800 mg/m )

3

3

Measurement Methods

NIOSH S93 (II-2)

See: NMAM or OSHA Methods

Physical Description

Colorless, noncorrosive, odorless gas when pure. [Note: A foul-smelling odorant is usually added. Shipped as a liquefied compressed

gas.]

Molecular

Weight

42-58

Boiling Point

>-44°F

Freezing Point

?

Solubility

Insoluble

Vapor

Pressure

>1 atm

Ionization

Potential

10.95 eV

Flash Point

NA (Gas)

Upper

Exposive Limit

9.5%

(Propane)

8.5% (Butane)

Lower

Explosive Limit

2.1%

(Propane)

1.9% (Butane)

Relative Gas

Density

1.45-2.00

Flammable Gas

Incompatibilities & Reactivities

Strong oxidizers, chlorine dioxide

Exposure Routes

inhalation, skin and/or eye contact (liquid)

Symptoms

dizziness, drowsiness, asphyxia; liquid: frostbite

Target Organs

respiratory system, central nervous system

Personal Protection/Sanitation First Aid

Page 1 of 2CDC - NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - L.P.G.

2019/04/22https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0679.html

Respirator Recommendations

NIOSH/OSHA

Up to 2000 ppm:

(APF = 10) Any supplied-air respirator

(APF = 50) Any self-contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece

Emergency or planned entry into unknown concentrations or IDLH conditions:

(APF = 10,000) Any self-contained breathing apparatus that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other

positive-pressure mode

(APF = 10,000) Any supplied-air respirator that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure

mode in combination with an auxiliary self-contained positive-pressure breathing apparatus

Escape:

Any appropriate escape-type, self-contained breathing apparatus

Important additional information about respirator selection

See also

INTRODUCTION

Page last reviewed: November 29, 2018

Content source: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

Page 2 of 2CDC - NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - L.P.G.




Diesel

Engen Dynamic Diesel 0.05

1

SAFETY DATA SHEET Revision Date : 12.11.2014

1. PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION

Product name : Engen Dynamic Diesel 0.05 Chemical name : Diesel fuel Synonyms : Hydrocarbon Liquid Product use : Automotive diesel fuel UN number : 1202

Supplier : Engen Petroleum Limited (Tel: +27 (0) 21 403 4911, a/h: +27 (0)

21 403 4099) Health Emergency Telephone : +27 (0) 21 689 5227 (Red Cross Poison Service) Transport Emergency Telephone : +27 (0) 11 975 1278/83 (Hazchemwise) Customer Service Centre : 0860 036 436 (Sales and Technical Information)

Engen Website : http://www.engen.co.za/

2. HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION

Emergency response data : Light Amber Liquid. Flammable. Product can accumulate a static charge

and release vapours which may cause a fire or explosion. DOT ERG No. : 128

GHS Classification: Health

Acute inhalation toxicity Hazard category 3. Toxic if inhaled. Danger

Acute oral toxicity Hazard category 5. May be harmful if swallowed. Warning Skin irritation Hazard category 2. Causes skin irritation. Warning

Eye irritation Hazard category 2B. Irritant. Warning Carcinogenicity Hazard category 2. Under conditions of poor hygiene and long

term exposure, this product should be considered a human carcinogen.

Warning

Environmental

Aquatic toxicity : Hazard category 2. May cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment.

Warning

Physical

Flammability : Hazard category 3. Flammable liquid and vapour. Warning

GHS Labels/Pictograms:

Hazard Statements

Flammable liquid and vapour. Fumes from heated product may cause eye and lung irritation. Toxic if swallowed. Harmful in contact with skin. Note: This product may contain polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, some of which have been reported to cause skin cancer in humans under conditions of poor personal hygiene, prolonged repeated contact, and exposure to sunlight.


2

Precautionary Statements

Prevention Do not breathe vapours. Wash exposed skin after handling this product. Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. Response

IN CASE OF FIRE: Use carbon dioxide, foam or dry chemical for extinction. IF INHALED: Call a POISON CENTRE or doctor if you feel unwell. IF SWALLOWED: Get medical attention if you feel unwell. IF ON SKIN: If irritation occurs, get medical attention. IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Disposal Do not discharge into lakes, streams, ponds and ground water supply.

See Section 11 for further health effects/toxicological data.

3. COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS

Chemical name

CAS-No.

Weight%

Diesel fuel 68334-30-5 > 98.00

Ethyl Benzene 100-41-4 < 1.00

Naphthalene 91-20-3 < 1.00

See Section 8 for Exposure Limits (if applicable).

4. FIRST AID MEASURES

Inhalation : Remove from further exposure. If respiratory irritation, dizziness,

nausea, or unconsciousness occurs, seek immediate medical assistance. If breathing has stopped, assist ventilation with mechanical device or use mouth-to-mouth resuscitation with a mouthpiece.

Skin contact : Remove contaminated clothing. Dry wipe exposed skin and cleanse with

hand cleaner, soap and water. Launder contaminated clothing before reuse. (See Section 16 - Injection Injury)

Eye contact : Flush thoroughly with water for at least 15 minutes. Get medical

assistance.

Ingestion : Seek immediate medical attention. Do not induce vomiting. Note to doctors : Material if aspirated into the lungs may cause chemical pneumonitis.

Skin contact may aggravate an existing dermatitis. Treat appropriately.

5. FIRE-FIGHTING MEASURES

Extinguishing media : Carbon dioxide, foam, dry chemical and water fog. Special fire fighting procedure

: Water spray should only be used to keep fire-exposed containers cool, flush spills away from exposures, disperse vapours and protect personnel attempting to stop leak. Prevent runoff from fire control or dilution from entering streams, municipal sewers, or drinking water supply.

Special protective equipment for firefighters

: For fires in enclosed areas, fire fighters must use Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus.

Products of decomposition : Fumes, smoke, carbon monoxide, sulphur oxides, aldehydes and other


3

decomposition products, in the case of incomplete combustion.

Flash Point : > 55 °C (ASTM D-93) Upper Explosion Limit (UEL) : 7 %(V) Lower Explosion Limit (LEL) : 0.6 %(V) NFPA Hazard Id : Health: 1; Flammability: 2; Reactivity: 0

6. ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES

Procedure if material is released or spilled

: Report spills/releases as required to appropriate authorities.

Methods for cleaning up : Eliminate sources of ignition. Warn occupants and/or ships in the

downwind areas of fire and explosion hazard, and warn them to stay clear. LAND SPILL: Shut off source taking normal safety precautions. Take

measures to minimize the effects on ground water. Recover by pumping

using explosion-proof equipment or contain spilled liquid with sand or other suitable absorbent and remove mechanically into containers. If necessary, dispose of absorbed residues as directed in Section 13. WATER SPILL: Notify port and relevant authorities. Confine with booms if skimming equipment is available to recover the spill for later recycling

or disposal. If permitted by local authorities and environmental agencies disperse in unconfined waters. If allowed by regulatory authorities the use of suitable dispersants should be considered where recommended in local oil spill procedures.

Personal precautions : See Section 8.

Environmental precautions : Prevent spill from entering municipal sewers, water sources or low lying

areas. Advise the relevant authorities if contaminations have occurred.

7. HANDLING AND STORAGE Safe handling advice : Keep product away from high energy ignition sources, heat, sparks, pilot

lights, static electricity, and open flames. Harmful in contact with or if absorbed through the skin. Avoid inhalation of vapours or mists. Use in

well ventilated area away from all ignition sources. See Section 8 for additional personal protection advice when handling this product.

Storage information : Store away from all ignition sources in a cool, well ventilated area. This

product is a static accumulator, therefore, all storage containers should be grounded and bonded. Drums should also be equipped with self-

closing valves, pressure vacuum bungs and flame arresters. Storage and handling procedures

: Electrical equipment and fittings must comply with local fire prevention regulations for this class of product. Refer to national or local

regulations covering safety at petroleum handling and storage areas for this product.

8. EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION

Occupational Exposure Limits (OELs)

Components CAS-No. Source TWA Value Notations

Naphthalene 91-20-3 ACGIH TLV OSHA PEL

LTEL STEL LTEL STEL

52 mg/m3 79 mg/m3 50 mg/m3 75 mg/m3

10 ppm 15 ppm 10 ppm 15 ppm

Skin; A4


4

Diesel fuel 68334-30-5 ACGIH TLV

LTEL

100 mg/m3

15 ppm

Skin; A3

Ethyl Benzene 100-41-4 ACGIH TLV

OSHA PEL

LTEL STEL

LTEL STEL

434 mg/m3 543 mg/m3

435 mg/m3 545 mg/m3

100 ppm 125 ppm

100 ppm 125 ppm

A3; BEI

LTEL: Long Term Exposure Limits - Time Weight Average (TWA) over 8 hours.

STEL: Short Term Exposure Limits - Time Weight Average (TWA) over 15 Minutes Note: Limits Shown for guidance only. Follow applicable regulations. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Engineering controls : Use in well ventilated area. Explosive-proof ventilation equipment with

local exhaust is desirable.

Respiratory protection : Approved respiratory equipment must be used when airborne concentrations are unknown or exceed the recommended exposure limit. Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus may be required for use in confined or enclosed spaces.

Eye protection : If splash with liquid is possible, chemical type goggles should be worn.

Skin and body protection : Impervious gloves must be worn. If body contact is likely, appropiate

personal protective equipment must be worn. Good personal hygiene practices should always be followed.

9. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Appearance : Liquid. Colour : Light Amber Odour : Hydrocarbon Solubility : Negligible Boiling point : > 170 °C < 400 °C Flash Point : > 55 °C (ASTM D-93)

Upper Explosion Limit (UEL) : 7 %(V) Lower Explosion Limit (LEL) : 0.6 %(V) Vapour pressure : 0.5 hPa Relative vapour density : 2 Density : 0.8450 g/cm3 @ 20 °C Pour point : < -7 °C Viscosity, kinematic : 3.5 mm2/s @ 40 °C (ASTM D-445)

< 1 mm2/s @ 100 °C (ASTM D-445)

10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY Stability : Stable. Conditions to avoid : Extreme heat and high energy sources of ignition, such as sparks and

static electricity. Materials to avoid : Halogens, strong acids, alkalis and oxidizers. Hazardous decomposition products

: Fumes, smoke, carbon monoxide, sulphur oxides, aldehydes and other decomposition products, in the case of incomplete combustion.

11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION


5

Acute oral toxicity : (Rats): Practically non-toxic (LD50: Greater than 2000 mg/kg). Based

on testing of similar products and/or components. Warning Hazard

category 5. May be harmful if swallowed. Acute dermal toxicity : (Rabbits): Practically non-toxic (LD50: greater than 2000 mg/kg).

Based on testing of similar products and/or the components. Warning Hazard category 5. May be harmful in contact with skin.

Acute inhalation toxicity : (Rats): Toxic (LC50: greater than 2 but 10mg/l or less) 4 hours. Based

on testing products and/or components. Danger Hazard category 3. Toxic if inhaled.

Skin irritation : (Rabbits): Irritant. (Primary Irritation Index: greater than 3 but less

than 6). Based on testing of similar products and/or the components.

Warning Hazard category 2. Causes skin irritation. Eye irritation : (Rabbits): Mild irritant. (Draize score: greater than 6 but 15 or less).

Based on testing of similar products and/or the components. Warning

Hazard category 2B. Causes eye irritation. Respiratory and skin

sensitization

: Middle distillate oils were not skin sensitizers when tested in a Modified

Buehler Guinea Pig Sensitization Assay. Germ cell mutagenicity : Evidence from short-term predicative tests (Modified Ames) does indicate

some level of mutagenic activity associated with levels of polycylic aromatic compounds in certain test samples.

Carcinogenicity : Diesel fuel, heating oil and middle distillates have been shown to be carcinogenic in lifetime mouse skin painting bioassays. While in some cases, the tumor incidence is low in the test populations and possibly associated with skin irritation caused by the defatting of the skin. Warning Hazard category 2. This product contains ethylbenzene. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has evaluated ethylbenzene and classified it as possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group

2B) based on sufficient evidence for carcinogenicity in experimental animals, but inadequate evidence for cancer in exposed humans. Animal studies involving lifetime exposure to high levels of diesel exhaust have produced variable results, with some studies indicating a potential for lung cancer. Limited evidence from epidemiological studies suggest an association between long-term occupational exposure to diesel engine emissions and lung cancer.

Reproductive toxicity (Teratogenicity)

: Diesel fuel vapours were tested in an inhalation teratology (developmental toxicity) study in rats and when only minimal maternal toxicity was observed, no fetotoxic or developmental effects were observed. A developmental toxicity study of dermally applied middle distillates did indicate fetotoxicity (reduced litter size, litter weight,

increased resorptions) at doses that also caused significant maternal toxicity.

Specific target organ toxicity (STOT) - single exposure

: Respiratory irritation, dizziness, nausea and loss of consciousness. Warning Hazard category 3. Narcotic effect.

Specific target organ toxicity

(STOT) - repeated exposure

: Repeated dermal application of middle distillates, heating oils and diesel

oils to rabbits for 2-4 weeks at up to 1 gm/kg resulted in strong to severe skin irritation with some weight loss at the higher dose. Toxic effects ranging from weight loss to mortality was observed in rabbits treated repeatedly with very high doses (6 gm/kg) of these oils.

Aspiration hazard : Material if aspirated into the lungs may cause chemical pneumonitis.

Overexposure to diesel exhaust fumes may result in eye irritation,

headaches, nausea, and respiratory irritation. Diesel engine exhaust typically consists of gases and particulates, including carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen compounds, oxides of sulphur, and hydrocarbons. The composition will vary with fuel, engine type, load cycle, engine maintenance, tuning and exhaust gas treatment. Use of


6

adequate ventilation and/or respiratory protection in the presence of

diesel exhaust is recommended to minimize exposures.

12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION Ecotoxicity effects

Toxicity to fish : (Salmon) LC/EC50: 8.1 mg/l at 96 hours.

Toxicity to aquatic organisms

: (Daphnia magna) LC/EC50: 6 mg/l at 48 hours. (Green algae) LC/EC50: 9.4 mg/l at 8 hours.

Elimination information (persistence and degradability)

Biodegradability : The majority of the components in this product would be expected to be inherently biodegradable. The constituents of diesel fuels which are

volatilized will photodegrade in the atmosphere. The less volatile, more

water-soluble components which are aromatic hydrocarbons will also undergo aqueous photodegradation.

Mobility : Dissolution of the higher molecular weight hydrocarbon components in

water will be limited, but losses through sediment adsorption may be

significant.

Bioaccumulation : Not established. Further information on ecology

Remarks : In the absence of specific environmental data for this product, this

assessment is based on information for representative substances.

13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS

Waste disposal : Product is suitable for burning for fuel value in compliance with

applicable laws and regulations, and consideration of product characteristics at time of disposal.

Other regulations : Disposal of unused product may be subject to RCRA regulations (40 CFR

261). Disposal of the used product may also be regulated due to ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, or toxicity as determined by the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP).

Flash Point : > 55 °C (ASTM D-93)

14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION

Note : The flash point of this material is > 55 °C, and hence regulatory

classifications for flammability may vary. In accordance with 49 CFR 173.150(f)(2), non-bulk quantities of this material (<119 gallons per container) may be shipped as non regulated for USA domestic shipments. ADR

Proper shipping name : GAS OIL UN number : 1202 Class : 3 Letter : F Packing group : III

Labelling number : 3 CFR


7

Proper shipping name : GAS OIL

UN number : 1202

Class : 3 Letter : F Packing group : III Labelling number : 3

IATA_C Proper shipping name : GAS OIL UN number : 1202 Class : 3 Letter : F Packing group : III

Labelling number : 3 IMDG

Proper shipping name : GAS OIL UN number : 1202 Class : 3

Letter : F Packing group : III Labelling number : 3 Marine pollutant : Marine Pollutant Medical First Aid Guide (MFAG) table

: 311

Emergency Schedule (EmS) number

: 3-07

IMDG code page number : 3375 Static Accumulator (50 picosiemens or less)

: Yes

15. REGULATORY INFORMATION

US OSHA Hazard Communication Standard

: Product assessed in accordance with OSHA 29 CFR 1910.1200 and determined to be hazardous.

Governmental Inventory Status

: All components comply with TSCA, EINECS/ELINCS, AICS, METI, DSL, KECI, ENCS, PICCS and IECSC.

EU Labelling : Product is dangerous as defined by the European Union Dangerous Substances/Preparations Directives.

Symbols : F, T, N Flammable, Toxic, Dangerous for the environment

R-Phrase(s) : R10, R40, R65, R66, R51/53

Flammable., Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect., Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed., Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking., Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment.

S-Phrase(s) : S24, S2, S36/37, S62 Avoid contact with the skin., Keep out of the reach of children., Wear

suitable protective clothing and gloves., If swallowed, do not induce vomiting: seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label.

Note : Contains Gas Oil - unspecified.

SARA U.S. Superfund : This product contains no "EXTREMELY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES".


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Amendments and

Reauthorization Act SARA

Title III SARA (311/312) Reportable Hazard Categories

: Fire Chronic Acute

SARA (313) Toxic Release Chemicals:

: Ethyl Benzene (100-41-4) - Conc < 1 %.

The following product ingredients are cited on the lists below

Chemical name CAS-No. Concentration [%] List Citations

Diesel fuel 68334-30-5 > 98.00 21, 26

Ethyl Benzene 100-41-4 < 1.00 1, 8, 10, 18, 19, 20, 21, 23, 24, 25, 26

Naphthalene 91-20-3 < 1.00 16, 22

Regulatory List Searched

1 = ACGIH ALL 6 = IARC 1 11 = TSCA 4 17 = CA P65 22 = MI 293

2 = ACGIH A1 7 = IARC 2A 12 = TSCA 5a2 18 = CA RTK 23 = MN RTK

3 = ACGIH A2 8 = IARC 2B 13 = TSCA 5e 19 = FL RTK 24 = NJ RTK

4 = NTP CARC 9 = OSHA CARC 14 = TSCA 6 20 = IL RTK 25 = PA RTK

5 = NTP SUS 10 = OSHA Z 15 = TSCA 12b 21 = LA RTK 26 = RI RTK

Code Key: CARC = Carcinogen; SUS = Suspected Carcinogen

16. OTHER INFORMATION Note: Engen products do not contain PCBs.

INJECTION INJURY WARNING: If product is injected into or under the skin, or into any part of the body, regardless of the appearance of the wound or its size, the individual should be evaluated immediately by a

doctor as a surgical emergency. Even though initial symptoms from high pressure injection may be minimal or absent, early surgical treatment within the first few hours may significantly reduce the ultimate extent of injury. Note: No significant changes have been made to this Safety Data Sheet since the previous date.

Disclaimer

Information given herein is offered in good faith as accurate, but without guarantee. Conditions of use and suitability of the product for particular uses are beyond our control; all risks of use of the product are therefore assumed by the user and we expressly disclaim all warranties of every kind and nature, including warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose in respect to the use or suitability of the

product. Nothing is intended as a recommendation for uses which infringe valid patents or as extending license under valid patents. Appropriate warnings and safe handling procedures should be provided to handlers and users.

Prepared by : Corporate Health, Safety, Environment and Quality Department Engen Petroleum Limited P.O.Box 35, Cape Town, 8000

Telephone : +27 (0) 21 403 4911 (Office Hours) +27 (0) 21 403 4099 (After Hours)



ULP (Gasoline)

The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards

Gasoline

Synonyms & Trade Names

Motor fuel, Motor spirits, Natural gasoline, Petrol [Note: A complex mixture of volatile hydrocarbons (paraffins, cycloparaffins, and

aromatics).]

CAS No.

8006-61-9

RTECS No.

LX3300000

DOT ID & Guide

1203 128

Formula Conversion

1 ppm = 4.5 mg/m (approx)3

IDLH

Ca [N.D.]

See: IDLH INDEX

Exposure Limits

NIOSH REL

Ca See Appendix A

OSHA PEL

none See Appendix G

Measurement Methods

OSHA PV2028

See: NMAM or OSHA Methods

Physical Description

Clear liquid with a characteristic odor.

Molecular

Weight

110 (approx)

Boiling Point

102°F

Freezing Point

?

Solubility

Insoluble

Vapor

Pressure

38-300

mmHg

Ionization

Potential

?

Specific

Gravity

(60°F):

0.72-0.76

Flash Point

-45°F

Upper

Exposive Limit

7.6%

Lower

Explosive Limit

1.4%

Class IB Flammable Liquid: Fl.P. below 73°F and BP at or above 100°F.

Incompatibilities & Reactivities

Strong oxidizers such as peroxides, nitric acid & perchlorates

Exposure Routes

inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

Symptoms

irritation eyes, skin, mucous membrane; dermatitis; headache, lassitude (weakness, exhaustion), blurred vision, dizziness, slurred

speech, confusion, convulsions; chemical pneumonitis (aspiration liquid); possible liver, kidney damage; [potential occupational

carcinogen]

Target Organs

Eyes, skin, respiratory system, central nervous system, liver, kidneys

Cancer Site

Page 1 of 2CDC - NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Gasoline


Personal Protection/Sanitation

(See protection codes)

Skin:Prevent skin contact

Eyes:Prevent eye contact

Wash skin:When contaminated

Remove:When wet (flammable)

Change:No recommendation

Provide:Eyewash, Quick drench

First Aid

(See procedures)

Eye:Irrigate immediately

Skin:Soap flush immediately

Breathing:Respiratory support

Swallow:Medical attention immediately

Respirator Recommendations

NIOSH

At concentrations above the NIOSH REL, or where there is no REL, at any detectable concentration:

(APF = 10,000) Any self-contained breathing apparatus that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other

positive-pressure mode

(APF = 10,000) Any supplied-air respirator that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure

mode in combination with an auxiliary self-contained positive-pressure breathing apparatus

Escape:

(APF = 50) Any air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator (gas mask) with a chin-style, front- or back-mounted organic vapor canister

Any appropriate escape-type, self-contained breathing apparatus

Important additional information about respirator selection

See also

INTRODUCTION

Page last reviewed: November 29, 2018

Content source: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

Page 2 of 2CDC - NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Gasoline


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