1990 US Army Main Support Battalion 152p

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PREFACEThis manual provides information on the structure and operations of the main support

battalion. It is directed toward the commander and staff of the MSBs of divisions organizedand operating under-L series TOEs as modified by the Force Design Initiatives for an Army

of Excellence Study. It is also designed to be used by personnel concerned with providing orreceiving support in the division support area.

The manual outlines the functions and operations of each section within the MSB; howthe MSB commander and staff integrate their activities; and the MSB’s role in providingsupport. This includes both the logistics and medical mission and the tactical responsibilities.This manual also describes the many coordination links the MSB must maintain with supported and supporting units.

This manual is based on doctrine in FMs 100-5, 100-10, 71-100 and 63-2-2. FM 100-5 isthe Army’s keystone doctrinal manual. It outlines how the Army will fight the AirlandBattle. FM 100-10 is the Army’s keystone CSS doctrinal manual. It provides an overview ofthe CSS system for supporting the Army in the field. FM 71-100 is the Army’s capstonemanual for division operations. It assists the MSB commander in planning and conductingcombat operations. FM 63-2-2 describes the support provided by resources within andoutside of the division. It is directed toward commanders and staff who are concerned withproviding CSS within armored, mechanized infantry, and motorized divisions organized andoperating under/ “Division 86” TOEs as modified by the Army of Excellence Study. (Workis currently underway on a new FM 63-2, which will cover the operations of a heavy divisionsupport command in depth. The new manual is designed to supersede FMs 63-2-2 and63-22.)

The proponent of this publication is HQ TRADOC. Submit changes for improving thispublication on DA Form 2028 (Recommended Changes to Publications and Blank Forms)and forward it to Commander, US Army Logistics Center, ATTN: ATCL-CLD, Fort Lee,Virginia 23801-6000.

Unless otherwise stated, whenever the masculine gender is used, both men and women areincluded.

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CHAPTER1

MSB Organization and Functions

ARMORED, MECHANIZED INFANTRY,INFANTRY, HEAVY/LIGHT DIVISIONS

Mainsupportbattalionsexistinfourtypesof divisions.Theyarethearmored,mechanizedinfantry,infantry,andheavy/lightdivisions.Ineachcase,theroleoftheMSBistosupportcustomersinthedivision rearandprovidedesignated reinforcingsupporttotheforwardsupportbattalions.MSBcommandersand staffsmustunderstandthecomposition,employment,andmissionsofthesupported

force.Thedivisionhasvaryingnumbersandtypesof combat,combatsupport,andcombatservicesupportunits.Itisaself-sustainingforcecapableofindependentoperations.Thedivision’smainfocusistodefeattheenemybyconductingcloseanddeepoperationswhaleprotectingitscombatsupport,CSS,andcommandandcontrolfacilitieswithsuccessfulrearoperations.

ARMORED AND MECHANIZEDINFANTRY DIVISIONS

Armoredandmechanizeddivisionsclosewithand

destroytheenemybyfirepower,mobility,andshock

effect.Heavyelementsmove,attack,anddefendtodefeattheenemyinclosecombat.Heavydivisionsnormallyfightoverwideareasagainstathreatwithsimilarcapabilities. Thedivisionsoperatebestin basically open terrain. There they can use theirmobilityandlong-range,direct-fireweaponstobestadvantage.Thedivisionsneedsignificantlogisticssupportoftrackedvehiclesforlonggroundmoves.

Thedivisionsconsumesupplies,especiallyclassIIIandV,athighratesandrequiresubstantialmaintenance support. The MSB will shift its supporteffortforwardtothecriticalplaceandtimetoinfluence the battle.

INFANTRY DIVISION

Theinfantrydivisionoperates invirtuallyallterrain,weatherconditions,andenemysituations.Itisorganizedforresponsiveemploymentandimmediate combat operations upon arrival in anyenvironment.Itismosteffectiveinterrainfavoring dismounted operations. This includes large

urbanareas,mountains,andjungles.Theinfantrydivisionhaslimitedmobility.Therefore,itsfuel

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andmaintenanceneedsaremuchlessthanaheavydivisions.FurtherdiscussionoftheinfantrydivisionisinFM71-100.

HEAVY/LIGHT DIVISION

Thethreattotheheavy/lightdivision(2dInfantryDivision)reliesonmassivefirepower,largenumbersinmultipleechelons,andhighmaneuverability.Itmayattackwithverylittlewarning.TheUSanditsalliesmustdefendagainsttheinitialattack,thenseizethe initiative while using the terrain to best advantage.TheUSdivisiondesignedtoopposethethreatis

amixofheavyandlightforcesalongwithaviationassets.Theheavyforcesaretobeusedalongroadsandinopenareas.Aviationassetswillbeusedtoinsertinfantryforcesintooverwatchpositions.Thedivisionhasonlyalimitedcapabilityofself-sustainment.Itisdesignedtofightaspartofacom binedcommand,notaUScorps.

EMPLOYMENT OF DIVISION ELEMENTSThedivisionhasvaryingnumbersofmaneuver

battalionstoaccomplishaspecificmission.CSandCSSunitsaretaskorganizedtosupportthedivision.Though these units will vary, division elements whichtypicallyoperateinthedivisionrearandarecus

tomersoftheMSBinclude:Combat engineer battalion elements.Chemical company elements.Division artillery elements.Aviation brigade.ADAbattalionelements.Divisionband.DISCOMCP.DivisionmainandrearCPs.Main support battalion.Signal battalion elements.Military intelligence battalion elements.Military police company headquarters.

ARMORED, MECHANIZED INFANTRY,INFANTRY, HEAVY/LIGHT DISCOMS

ARMORED, MECHANIZED INFANTRY,AND INFANTRY DISCOMS

Themainsupportbattalionispartofthedivisionsupportcommand. The DISCOM commanderprovideslogisticsandmedicalsupportinthedivision

byexercisingcontrolover hisunits andprovidingadviceandplanningforthedivisionlogisticscommunity.Thesupportbattalion(MSBandFSB)commandersarethelogisticsoperatorsforthedivision.Theyprovideallclassesofsupply,maintenancesupport,transportationassets,medicalsupport,andfieldservices(MSBonly)todivisionunitsintheirareas.TheDISCOMcan,onaverylimitedbasis,furnishCSStonondivisionunitsinthedivisionarea.

Thedivisionmaintainsonlyenoughsuppliesto sustain operations until more supplies arrive.DISCOMoperationsenablethedivisioncommandertomasscombatpoweratthecriticalpoint

andtoseizetheinitiative.ThedivisionCSSsystemisflexible.It cananticipateandquicklysurgetoresupplyandsupportreorganizedmaneuverunits.

ThethrustofthelogisticssystemoftheDISCOMistopushsupportasfarforwardaspossible.AsdepictedinFigure1-1theDISCOMconsists

ofthefollowingelements:

HHC/MMC.TheHHCsupervisesandcontrolsallsupportoperations.Italsoadvisesthedivision commander and staff on logisticsthroughoutthedivision.TheMMCprovidesmaterielmanagementforweaponsystems,controlsmaintenancepriorities,andcoordinatessupplyfunctions. FM 63-22 discusses theresponsibilities, organization, and operations of

theHHC/MMC.

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Main support battalion. The MSB is the Aircraft maintenance company. This is adivisionlogisticsandmedicaloperatorinthe separate company under the DISCOM. Itdivision rear. It provides direct support to providesAVIMsupporttodivisionunits.Itisdivisionunitsinthedivisionrearanddesignated thesubjectofChapter6ofFM63-2-2.OtherandreinforcingsupporttotheFSBs.Itsbaseis operationalinformationappearsinFM1-500.intheDSA,thoughitprovidessupportforwardasrequired. HEAVY/LIGHT DISCOM

Forwardsupportbattalions.TheDISCOM The DISCOM structure for the heavy/lighthasthreeFSBs–onetoprovidedirectsupport divisionsupportsaheavy/lightmixwithoutsometoeachdivisionmaneuverbrigadeandunitsin supportnormallyprovidedbyacorpstoadivision.thebrigadesector.InformationontheFSBsis TheDISCOMisamodifiedheavyDISCOMwith

inFM63-20. attachments. The basic support concepts and

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considerations employed by the MSB of theheavy/lightdivisionarethesameasthoseforotherMSBs.Thesupportrequirements,however,differduetodifferencesinterrainandmission,andthepeopleandequipmentofthesupportedforce.TheMSBhasmaintenanceteamstoprovideorsupplementrepaircapabilityforMLRS,Chapparal,trackedvehicles,artillery/turret/firecontrolsystems,and

radios. Supply andmissilemaintenance capabilitieshavealsobeenadjustedtomeettheforcerequire-ments.TheelementsdepictedinFigure1-1fortheheavy

divisionDISCOMarethesamefortheheavy/lightdivision.

MSB ORGANIZATION AND MISSION

Themainsupportbattalionisthemainlogisticsandmedicaloperatorinthedivisionrear.Itsupportsunits in the division rear and provides designated andreinforcing support to the FSBs. The battalionprovides direct support maintenance, supply,transportation,andmedicalsupporttounitsforavarietyofmissions. Whenthebattalionisaugmented,italsoprovidesfieldservices.TheMSBis

responsiblefortheeffectivemanagementofsubordinateunits.Italsodirectsandcoordinatessecurityfortheseunits.

OneMSBisorganictotheDISCOM.TheMSBisnormallycommandedbya lieutenantcolonel.Thecommandelementisresponsibleforthesupervision,direction,andcoordinationofassignedandattachedunitsthatrunthesupportoperationsinandaroundtheDSA.Figure1-2showstheMSBorganization.

Asshown,ithasa–Headquarters and headquarters detachment.Supplyandservicecompany.Transportationmotor transport company.Lightandheavymaintenancecompanies.Missilesupportcompany.Medical company.

Commanding,controlling,andcoordinatingthemanyMSBelementswiththeirdiversemissionspresentachallengefortheMSBcommanderandstaff. They must perform sustainment tasks of arming,fueling,fining,moving,andsustainingthesoldier. They must integrate these tasks into acomprehensivebattlesupportplan.ThethrustistopushCSSasfarforwardaspossible.TheMSBcommanderandstaff.aswellasCSSplannersandoperators at the corps and brigade levels andwithinthedivisionunits,mustincorporatethesustainmentimperativesineveryactiontaken.

BATTLEFIELD LOCATIONSWhentheMSBistacticallydeployed,itscom

panicsestablishlocationswithintheDSA.METT-Tdetermineseachcompanylocation,butthecompanicsaredispersedthroughouttheDSA.Figure1-3givesagraphicdepictionoftheDSA.

ItshowstheunitsnormallyfoundintheDSA.Thiscirclehasadiameterofabout7to10kilometers.

TheMSBcommanderplansandmanagesthe

security and movement of MSB elements in

coordination with the DISCOM S2/3. The MSBlocatesasfarforwardasthetacticalsituationpermits.Allsupportareasshouldbenearthemainsupplyroutes.However,theyshouldnotbeastridetheMSRswhichmaybecomehighspeedavenuesof approachforenemyforces.Forplanningpurposes,supportsitesshouldbe1to3kilometersfromMSRs.BSAsshouldbeaccessiblefromtheDSAbygroundin2hoursorless.MSBactivitiesshouldusebuilt-up

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areasasmuchaspossible.AppendixAaddressesadditional terrainmanagement factors.

Supportunitsneedtobeasmobileastheunitstheysupport.Mobilityanddispersionenhancethesecurity of MSB elements. MSB units must bepreparedtomoveonceeverythreedaysorless.Supplies remain uploaded as much as possible.

Receiptprocessingandissuepointsshouldalsobe

mobile.Wheneverpossible,supportunitsthroughputpersonnelandready-to-issueequipmenttounitsintheBSA.TheMSBmustbecapableofmoving50percentofitspersonnelandequipmentina singlelift.However,thisfactordoesnotincludesupplystocksordisabledequipmentatmaintenancesites.Also, mobility considerations for the MSB arecomplicatedbythepresenceoftheTMTcompanyinthebattalion.Theassetsofthiscompanywillnot

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beavailable solelytomoveMSBelements. Inaddi- reservestocksandtoassistplanningthemovementtiontoperformingitsroutineCSSmovementfunc- ofDSAelements.Movementplannersmusttakealltions,thecompanyalsohasthemissiontomove oftheseconsiderationsintoaccount.

SUSTAINMENT IMPERATIVESThe division logistics system is flexible and

capableofanticipatingandquicklysurgingtosupportdivisionunits.SustainingthedivisionfightrequiresallMSBelementstoadheretothesustainmentimperatives.

Anticipation.MSBoperatorsandplannersmustanticipatefutureoperationsasaccuratelyaspossibleandaccumulateassetstoaccommodateany likelycontingency.MSBelementsmustclearlyunderstandtheMSBcommander’sintent. The MSB projects support needs. ItalsomustprojectunexpectedchangesincurrentandfutureoperationsbycoordinatingwithDISCOMplanners.TheMSBensuresthatthesupport structure constantly remains flexible torespondquicklytochange.

Integration.Tacticalandoperationalplansmust have fully integrated CSS. The MSBcommander’ssupportplanmusthavesuppliesandservicesavailableattherighttimeandplaceforsupportedunitstodo theirmission. Integrationofsustainmentoperationswiththeotheroperationsof thedivisioniscrucial.Continuity.Committedforcesmustreceive

continuoussuppliesandservicestomaintaintheir fightingstrength.Thedivision commander

requirescontinuoussupporttomaintaintheinitiativeandtoensurebreaksinsupportdonotinhibit the depth of operations. Pauses forrebuildingimpedemomentumandrobthecommanderoftheinitiative.Continuityensuresalapseinsupportorunforeseeneventsdonotaffectanoperation.Responsiveness.TheMSBmustreactrapidly

tocrisesorfleetingopportunities.Itmustmeetneeds that change with little notice. For example,MSBpersonnelmustkeeppacewiththechangesinprioritiesofsupportedunits.They

mustbereadytorespondquicklysothatsupportedunitsretainmomentum.Improvisation.NomatterhowcarefullyMSB

plannersandoperatorstrytoanticipateevents,unforeseencontingenciesariseineveryconflict.ThismanualsuggestsseveralsupporttechniquesfortheMSB.However,leadersandstaffsmustnotinterpretaguidelineortechniqueasanabsoluterequirement.Ifitisnoteffectiveinmaintainingcombatpowerandmomentum,MSBpersonnelmustnotbeafraidtodiscardit.TheMSBmustimprovisetomeetunforeseenemergencies.Itmustseekinnovativesolutionsto

problems.

MSB SUPPORTLogisticsandmedicalelementsofthedivisionare

integratedintothecommandandcontrolsystemof thedivision.Thisallows thedivisiontoshiftitssupportefforttothecriticalplaceandtimetoinfluencethebattle.Forexample,MSBelementscananddoroutinelyoperateoutsideoftheDSA.Someelementshabituallysupportspecificdivisionunits.Othersmaybeadhocformationstoreinforceamain

effortsectororanFSB.TheDISCOMheadquarters

coordinatessupport,organizesforcombat,assignslocations,andspecifies commandrelationshipsafterthoroughconsultationwiththeMSB,DMMC,FSBs,andsupportedunits.TheMSBperformsitsmissionifitsupportsthe

division’scourseofactionandmeetstheDISCOMcommander’s guidance. Specifically, it supports the

divisionrearandreinforcesunitsbyprovidingorcoordinatingtoprovideallclassesof supply,aswell

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as maintenance, medical, field services, andtransportationsupportintheamountsandatthetimesspecifiedintheMSBSOP.Itmustreplenishitssupportedunits’basicloadsofallsuppliesincludingrepairparts.Itmustalsoreplenishprescribedloadsofmaintenance-significantclassIIand IVitems.Itmustmaintainequipmenttomeetprescribedoperationallevels.ItdistributesclassVIIitemsinaccordancewiththedivisioncommander’spriorities.TheMSBcoordinatestransportationrequirementswiththemovementcontrolofficertomeettheneedsidentifiedbythedivision.Finally,itcoordinatesmedicalevacuationandtreatmentoperationsandfieldservicesactivitieswiththeDISCOMsupportoperations branchtomeetdivision rearneeds.Chapters5 to10havespecificinformationontheelementsoftheMSB.ThefollowingarethetypesofsupporttheMSBprovides.

SUPPLY

Sustainingsupportincludesresupplyactionsthatareconstantlyinprogresstomaintainaunitatadesiredlevelofcombateffectiveness.ThekeysupplyoperatorintheDSAistheMSBS&Scompany.ThisunitisresponsiblefortheoperationofthemaindistributionpointsintheDSA.SupportedunitsintheDSAdrawclassI,II,III,IV,VI,andVIIsuppliesandwaterfromthesepoints.Thelightmaintenancecompany provides class IX common items. ThemedicalcompanysuppliesclassVIIIitems,andtheAMCOisresponsibleforJP-4andclassIXAsupplies.

MAINTENANCEMSBmaintenanceunitsprovideDSM,limited

reinforcingunitmaintenancesupport,andrepairparts supply for all equipment. Maintenance

preservestheavailabilityofweaponsystemsandequipment.Thethrustofthemaintenancesysteminthedivisionistowardrepairingdamagedequipmentasfarforwardaspossible.Thismaximizessystemavailabilityandminimizes recovery and evacuationtime.TheMSBformsmaintenancesupportteamswhichperformrepaironmajorweaponsystems.ItemsthatcannotbefixedonsitemustbemovedtotheMSB’smaintenancecollectionpointtoawaitrepair.

TRANSPORTATIONTheorganicgroundtransportationcapabilityat

divisionlevelistheMSBTMTcompany.Transportationsupportconsistsnotonlyoftheactualmovement of people and materiel but also themanagement function. Thisinvolveseffortstouseresources,includingroadnetworks,mostefficiently.TheMSBmustworkcloselywiththeMCOwhoisresponsibleforthemanagementfunction.

HEALTH SERVICE SUPPORT

MSBmedicalsupportischaracterizedbypatientevacuationfromunit-levelmedicalfacilitiesinthedivisionrear,emergencymedicalcareat theclearingstation,limitedamountsofothermedicalcare,andprovisionofmedicalsupplies.TheMSBprovidesevacuationsupportfromtheBSAsandreinforcestheFSB medical companies. It provides supportthroughoutthedivisionarea.Medicalsupportseekstoreturnthesoldiertodutyassoonaspossible.

FIELD SERVICES

Atdivisionlevel,theamountandtypesoffieldservices available depends mostly on how much corpssupportisavailable.Whenaugmented,theMSBprovidesCEBandlaundryandGRREGservices.

SUSTAINMENT PLANNINGSuccessonfuturebattlefieldswilldependonhow generatedfromclose,deep,andrearoperations.To

welllogisticscommandersandplannerssupportthe ensureunityofeffortandsuccessincombat,theyAirLandBattle.Theymustbeabletomeettheneeds mustconsiderallthreeasinterrelatedpartstothe

samebattle.

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CLOSE OPERATIONS-OFFENSE TransportationCharacteristicsofoffensiveoperationsinclude

momentum,initiativeonthepartofcommanders,abilitytomakerapidshiftsinthemainefforttotakeadvantageofopportunities,andrapidpenetration.Unitsmaylaunchanoffensiveoperationatanytimeand with little notice. The goal of the MSB is tosustainmaneuverandsupportunitsengagedinthedivision.Theconceptof supportforoffensiveoperationsis

tohaveMSBunitswellforwardtosustaintheattackingunits,withpriorityofsupporttothemaineffort.TheMSBlocatestobestsupporttheFSBsandweightthemaineffort.MSBelementsmoveforwardasrequiredtoshortenthesupportlinesasthetacticalsituationdictates.Theymustprovidecontinuous,adequatesupporttoforcesduringtheoffensewhileconservingassetsandplanningforfutureoperations.Figure1-4showsasampleMSBemploymentduringoffensive operations.

SupplyConsumptionofsupplies(especiallyfuelandam

munition)isgreatestduringoffensiveoperations.HighuseofsupplieswilldictatethattheMSBtakessteps to build up forward stocks. A significantproblemwillbemaintainingthissupportoverextendedsupplylines.Also,plannersshouldconsideruseofpreplannedpushpackagesofessentialitems.Thesemay includewater,fuel,ammunitionandMOPP gear. Needs for obstacle-breaching and bridgingmaterielmayalsobehigh.

Maintenance

Maintainingmomentumalsorequireskeepinginorreturningtothecurrentbattleasmanyweaponsystemsaspossible.Emphasisisonbattledamageassessmentandquickreturnofequipmenttotheforwardarea.TheMSBmaysendMSTsforwardtointegrateintotheFSBshops,ortheymayperformon-sitemaintenance.ManagersmustcarefullyorganizeanMSTtoensuretherightpeoplegowiththerequiredtransportation,communicationsassets,tools,TMDE,repairparts,andcomponents.Besidesextendingsupportforward,theMSBacceptsunserviceableitemsfromtheFSB.

TMTcompanyassetswillbeheavilytaxedintheoffense.Astheattackescalates,longlinesofcommunicationsandhighrequirementsforselectedsuppliesandpersonnelreplacementswillstressthesystem.Plannersmustensureadequatesecurityforunescorted convoys. CoordinationisessentialbetweenthesupportoperationssectionoftheMSBandtheDISCOMMCO.Theymustensuredeliverytothe right location and ensure movement of retrogradeequipmentanddeceasedpersonnel.

Medical

TheMSBwillparticipateinevacuationplanningtosupportanoffensiveaction.Thetypeofoffensivemaneuvers,aswellastheenemycapability,influencesthecharacterofpatientevacuationworkload. The MSB must push class VIII forward. Itmustalsobereadytoprovidepromptevacuationin

fast-moving situations. Prompt evacuation of patientsfromforwardtreatmentfacilitiesrequirestheMSBtohaveavailableambulanceswellforwardfromtheoutsetoftheoffensiveoperation.

Field Services

Tosustainthefightingforces,fieldservicesareprovided as permitted by the tactical situation.CorpsaugmentationstotheMSBprovidemostfieldservicestothedivision.Duetothemobilityofoffensive operations, commanders may temporarilysuspendsomefieldservices(CEBandlaundry).However,GRREGoperationsarevitalandmayin

tensifyduringoffensiveoperations.TheMSBmustprepareforheavierusageofGRREGsuppliesandlonglinesofevacuation.

CLOSE OPERATIONS-DEFENSETheimmediatepurposeofdivisiondefensive

operationsistodefeattheattack.Preparationfordefenseentailsstockpilingcriticalsuppliesatforwardsupportpointsandatsuccessivedefensivepositions.TheMSBmustanticipatesupportneedsforforwardareas.

ThedivisionG4andDISCOMstaffmustdevelop

aconceptofsupportandrecommendprioritiesforsupporttothedivisioncommander.Atthesame

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time,theDISCOMmustsupportdefensiveoperationswhileanticipatingsupport requirementsas thedivisionshiftstotheoffense.Figure1-5showsasampleMSBemploymentduringdefensiveoperations.

Supply

Operationswillbemostintensiveduringthepreparationstage.TheMSBwillpushcriticalsuppliesforward.TheMSBwillplantostockpilesupplies (particularly fuel and barrier materiel) farforwardandinsuccessivedefensivepositions.AssoonastheMSBknowsadefenseisplanned,itmust begincoordinationto havebarriermateriel throughputbycorpsassetsasclosetotheemplacementsitesaspossible.

Maintenance

TheMSBmustexecutemaintenancesupportwith

thesameattentiontosupportedunitsneedsasforoffensiveoperations.Themaintenancecompanies’emphasisinthedefenseistomaximizethenumberofweaponsystemsavailableatthestartoftheoperation.TheMSBmaintenancecompaniesmustconcentrateonexchangeversusrepairandmaximizecannibalization.Thereis increased emphasis onevacuation of unserviceable equipment. Repairoperationsinforwardareasconsistofcomponentreplacement, adjustment, and servicing.

Transportation

Asimpliedinthediscussiononsupply,transpor

tationismostcriticalwhilepreparingforadefense.Stockpilingsupplies andshiftingpersonnel andequipmentbeforetheoperationwilltaxthesystem.Transportationmayalsobe requiredtoshiftpersonnel,weaponsystems,andsupplieslaterallyorindepthtomeettheprobablepointsofenemyattack.TheMSB’smajorroleinthisareaistocoordinatetransportationneedsforsupportoperations.

Medical

Thoughcasualtyratesarelikelytobelowerthaninanattack,prioritiesforevacuatingpatientsmust besetonthebasisofthelocationoftheprobable

enemy main effort. Plannersshoulddesignate

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predeterminedambulanceexchangepoints.ThemedicalcompanycommanderandMSBsupportoperationssectionshouldalsocoordinateincreaseduseofhelicoptersforevacuation.

Field Services

ThefieldservicefunctionsofCEBandGRREGoperateroutinelywherethetacticalsituationpermits.GRREGunitsshouldevacuatethedeadquickly.IflaundryandCEBfacilitiesarelocatedintheDSA, the MSB staff should ensure they are farenough in the rear and out of the way of tactical units.

RETROGRADE OPERATIONS

Aretrogradeoperationisamovementtotherearorawayfromtheenemy.Retrogradeoperationsgaintime, preserve forces, avoid combat under undesirableconditions,ordrawtheenemyintoanunfavorableposition. Maneuverelementsat agiven

time may be defending, delaying, attacking, orwithdrawing.

To ensure uninterrupted support in anyretrograde,supportsitesshouldbewelltotherear.TheMSBdisplacesearlyandwhenpossibleatnight.EcheloningMSBelementsallowsthemtocontinuetoprovidesupportatoldsitesuntilnewsitesareoperational.AnyMSBassetsnotessentialtosupportingforwardelementsshouldmoveassoonaspossible.

Supply

Toavoidtheunnecessarydestruction,loss,or

haulingofsupplies,managerscontroltheflowof suppliesforward. Pushresupplyisusedwithaprioritytowardsfuelandammunition.Operatorsplacesuppliesalongroutesofwithdrawaltosimplifyresupply,reduceroadcongestion,andpermitearlywithdrawalofsupplyunits.Transportationassetsmovingtotherearmoveanysupplieswhicharealreadyforwardbutnotrequiredby thedelayforce.

Maintenance

Maintenanceplanningemphasizes supportforwardwhilemovingmostofthemaintenancecompanies rearward. Forward elements should

concentrateonexchangeversusrepairandmaximize

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cannibalization.Transportationassetsarescarcesoforwardrepairisessential.

Transportation

Retrograde operations stress transportationresources.TheMSBcontinuestomoveassetstothe

FSBandevacuatesupplies,materiel,andpersonnelrearward.AllMSBtransportationassetsmustbecarefullymanagedandused.TheremustbecontinuousmanagementbytheMCOandclosecoordinationwiththeMMCformovementneeds.

Medical

Patientevacuationiscomplicatedbyseveralfactors. Evacuation routes may be congested withwithdrawingforces.Evacuationassetsarerequiredtomovepatientsthatwouldnormallybetreatedintheclearingstation.Nonmedicaltransportationassetsmaynotbeavailabletoassist.Medicalcompany

assetsshouldmovebackbyechelonasearlyaspossible. This requires prompt patient sorting andevacuation.Plannersmustpredeterminelocationsofsuccessivetreatmentsites.MoreinformationonmedicalsupportinretrogradesisinChapter10.

Field Services

AnylaundryandCEBunitsinthedivisionalsomovetotherearassoonaspossible.Commandersmay temporarily suspendnonessentialservices.Deception planners may integrate facilities of suspended activitiesinto theirplans.

DEEP OPERATIONS

Deepmaneuverisahigh-speed,short-duration,audaciousoperation. Plannersmayreorganizemaneuverforcestomeetspecificobjectives.These

forcescaneithercarryallresourcesneededduringtheoperation(self-sustainment)orbesustainedviaasurfaceoranairLOC(sustainmentoveraLOC).

Sustainmentofdeepmaneuvermustbecarefullyplanned.Earlyintheplanningphase,theMSBcommanderprovidesinformationtotheDISCOMcom

manderonlogisticsandmedicalassets.Oncetheattack is started, innovative thinking and rapiddecisionmakingarekeyelementstheMSBcommandermustusetoensurethatthemomentumismaintained.

Support of deep operations depends on theavailabilityoftransportationassets.WithgroundLOCs,MSRsneedtobeopenandsecure.Groundtransportation must move supplies in support of unitsmovingtothelineofdepartureaswellassupportthoseunitsoncetheymoveforward.Theforwardsupportunitsthatmoveearlyintothedeepoperationsareashouldbeabletosustainfuel,ammunition,food,medical,andmaintenancesupportuntilsupportfromtheMSBandothersourcesarrives.

REAR OPERATIONS

Theprimarypurposesforconductingrearoperationsaretosecuretheforce,neutralizeordefeatenemyoperationsintherear,andensurefreedomof actionincloseanddeepoperations.RearoperationsprotectnecessaryCSandCSSfromdisruption.MSBfacilitiesandsuppliesmustbesafefromground,air,and missile attack while continuing to supportprojectedoperationswithoutdecreasingthesupporttocurrentlyengagedunits.EffectiveplanningrequiresopencommunicationlinesandquickreactionsonthepartoftheMSBcommander.FurtherinformationonrearoperationsisinAppendixA.

LOGISTICS SUPPORT TO CORPS UNITSTheforwardcorpssupportgroupprovideslogis

ticssupporttocorpsunitsoperatinginthedivisionrear.TheforwardCSGorlogisticsbattaliontaskforceoperatingintheDSAprovidesaliaisonelement to the DISCOM headquarters. The LO,

DISCOMsupportoperationsbranch,andMSBsupportoperationsofficercoordinatetoworkoutthe

mostefficientandeffectivewaytosupporttheseunits.Theremaybe separatecorpssupportpointsintheDSAtosupportthecorpsunits.

The LO from the CSG or logistics task forcecoordinatesthemovementofCOSCOMunitsinthe

DSAwiththeDISCOManddivisionrearCP.Corps

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logisticsunitsoperatinginthedivisionareunderthecommandandcontroloftheCSG.

Though these units will vary, corps elements whichmayoperateinthedivisionareainclude

Field artillery battalion.

Air defense artillery battery.MLRSbattery.Engineerelements.Militarypolicecompany.Attackhelicopterbattalion.TOWlightantitankcompany.Smoke company.

Signalcompany.Girderbridgecompany.Ribbon bridge company.Decontamination company.Civilaffairscompany.

PSYOPScompany.Surveillance detachment.Electronicwarfarecompany.Publicaffairs,chaplainsupport,CID,andhis

toryteams.

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CHAPTER2

Command and Control

PRINCIPLESCommandandcontrolisthesystemusedbythe

MSBtodirect,coordinate,andcontroltheactivitiesusedtoaccomplishthelogisticsandmedicalmission.This encompasses the personnel, equipment,facilities, and procedures needed to gather andanalyzedata.Italsoinvolvesplanningwhatistobedone,issuinginstructionsfordoingit,andsupervisinghowitisdone. TheMSBcommandersmustorganizetheirresourcesandinstitutecontrolprocedurestoensurethatthesupportsystemprovidestherightsupport,intherightplace,attherighttime.

Today’sdynamicbattlefielddemandsadherenceto the sustainment imperatives of integration,responsiveness,anticipation,continuity,andim

provisationbyalllogisticscommanders.Mission-oriented command and control promotes clearcommunicationofthecommander’sintent;coordinationofkeyelementsofdeep,close,andrearoperations; andmaximum latitude for subordinatesinexecutionofassignedtasks.

Mission-orientedcommandandcontrolinvolvesmorethanjusttheissueofmission-typeorders.It beginswithawillingnessonthepartof thecommandertodelegateauthorityandprovideresourcescommensuratewiththeresponsibilitiesassignedtosubordinates.Staffandsubordinatecommandersmust be trained in communications and thedecision-makingprocess.Theymustknowwhenand

inwhatcircumstancestheyhavetheprerogativeto

act.CommandandcontrolofMSBunitsrequiresasaminimum—

A good understanding of the MSBcommander’s responsibilities.A thorough understanding of the divisioncommander’sintentforongoingandfutureoperations.Familiarity with the responsibilities andcapabilitiesofhigher,lower,andsupportingunitlevels.Closecontactandexchangeofinformationat

alllevelsinthecommandchain.Writing directives, reports and orders.(However,maneuverwarfarecannotdependsolelyonwrittencommunications.)Effectiveoralcommunications.UnderstandingtheinformationsystemsrelatedtoCSS.Ensuringradioanddatatransmissionnetsareused effectively.StayingpersonallyinvolvedinandappraisedoftheCSSandtacticalsituations.Familiaritywiththelawoflandwarfare.

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Anunderstandingoftheresponsibilitiestothe meansbywhichorganizationsareassignedmissionssoldiers. andthestatusoftheirexecutionisdetermined.TheInformationisanessentialingredientofcommand C2systemconsistsofthreeinterrelatedcomponents

andcontrol.TheArmy’scommandandcontrolsys- organizational relationships, process, and facilities.temoperatestoexchangeinformationsinceitisthe

ORGANIZATIONAL RELATIONSHIPSToaccomplishthesupportmission,theMSBand

itssubordinateunitsaredeployedthroughouttheDSAanddivisionarea.ToperformitsC2functions,theMSBmustdevelopandmaintainavarietyof relationships. They include relationshipswith—

Higherorganization–DISCOM.Supported organizations—Supported units in

thedivisionrear.Lateralorganizations–FSBs,theAMCO,andcorpslogisticstaskforce.Subordinate organizations–MSB companyelements.

MSB AND DISCOM HEADQUARTERSTheMSBisunderthecommandoftheDISCOM

commander.RequestsforsupporttotheMSBflowthroughtheDISCOMstaffandMMC.ThisensureslogisticsandmedicalneedsarestaffedwiththeDISCOM S2/S3, DISCOM medical operationscenterandDMMC.TheMSBcommanderprovidestechnicalsupportandadvicetotheDISCOMcommanderonmattersconcerningthedivisionreararea.

TheDISCOMcommandergivessupportprioritiesanddirectiononsupportoperations,battlefieldlocations, security, and movement. He also makesdecisionsoncross-levelingassetsamongtheMSBandFSB.

MSB AND DMMCTheDMMCprovidessupplyandmaintenance

managementfortheMSB.Itdetermines,procures,anddirectsthedistributionofallsupplies(exceptclass VI, VIII, and X, and classified maps). ItdevelopsandsupervisesASLs.ItmaintainsdivisionpropertybookandArmyequipmentstatusreporting

data. The DMMC also specifies the items and

quantitiesofclassIXmaterieltobephysicallylocatedin the forward area and the MSB. It provides guidancefor the disposition of items which includes instructionsfor evacuation of items that cannot be repaired by directsupportmaintenanceunitsoftheMSB.

Day-to-daysupply(lessclassV,VII,VIII,andIX)managementisprovidedbythegeneralsupplysectionoftheDMMCtotheS&ScompanyoftheMSB.ThiscompanyprovidesinformationtotheDMMCinitsday-to-daysupplytransactions.TheDMMCalso

providesday-to-dayclassIXdirectiontothemaintenance companies of the MSB. The companiesprovideinformationtotheDMMContheirday-todayclassIXtransactions.TheMMCpropertybookandclassVIIsectionprovidemanagementofclassVIIsupplyfortheMSB.Day-to-daymaintenancedirectionisprovidedby

thematerielsectionoftheDMMCtothesupportoperationsofficeroftheMSB.Sinceallthoseinvolvedinthedivisionrearmaintenanceeffortneedtobekeptinformed,maintenanceinformationispassedamongtheDMMCandmaintenancecompaniesoftheMSB.

MSB AND AMCOTheaircraftmaintenancecompanyisunderthe

commandoftheDISCOMcommander.TheAMCOprovidesalldivisionAVIM.ItreliesontheMSBforallgroundequipmentmaintenanceandrepairparts,supply(exceptaviation),HSS,fieldservices,andgroundmovement.

MSB AND FSBsTherelationshipbetweentheMSBandFSBsis

establishedbytheDISCOMcommander.Thequan

tityandtypeofsupportprovidedbytheMSBtotheFSBsaredeterminedbycommandprioritiesand

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capabilitiesoftheFSBstoaccomplishthemission.BasedoncommandguidancefromtheDISCOMcommanderandthemission,theMSBprovidestailoredandtimelyreinforcingsupporttotheFSBs.TheMSBprovidesdesignatedDSsupply,reinforcingDSmaintenance,transportation,somefieldser

vicefunctions,andlimitedmedicalreinforcementtoeach FSB. The companies of the MSB maintaintechnical relationshipswith their related companiesofFSBslocatedintheBSAs.

MSB AND MSB COMPANIESTheMSBcommandermustmaintaincloseper

sonalcontactwithhissubordinatecompanycommanders.Hedependsonthemtoprovidetimelyinformationonthestatusoftheircompanies.Inaddition,thecompanycommandersmustunderstandtheMSBcommander’sintenttoperformtheirroleswith initiative.Thisunderstanding isenhanced

through frequent face-to-face discussion.Thoughthecompanycommanderswilllikelybein

thevicinityoftheMSBCPtofacilitatecoordination,they must not tie themselves to one spot. Theycommandtheircompaniesfromthelocationswhere

theycanbestassessandinfluencethesupportoperation.Thesecommandersuseverbalorders,radio,visualsignals,orwireamongthemselves,theMSBstaff,theirplatoonleaders,andthesupportedelements.

MSB AND SUPPORTED DIVISION UNITSTheMSBprovidesdirectsupporttodivisionrear

units.It therebyestablishesa closeworkingrelationshipwiththelogisticsplannersfordivisionelementsinthedivisionrear.ThedivisionstaffofficerchargedwithassistingintheareaoflogisticsistheG4.HeprovideslogisticsinformationtoandcoordinatessupportwiththeDISCOMsupportoperationsofficer. The DISCOM support operations officercoordinates support requirementsandcapabilitieswiththeMSB.

TheMSBandtheDISCOMsupportoperationsofficersworkouttheday-to-daydetailsoflogisticsoperations fordivisionelements inthedivisionrear.These include specific requirements and timeschedules.However,forroutineoperations,theMSBcompaniesalsodeveloprelationshipswithsupportedunitCSSoperators.

PROCESSAswithanyotherArmyorganization,theMSB

commanderandstaffusethecommandandcontrolprocessoutlinedinFM101-5tomakedecisionsandsuperviseexecutionoforders.Thisprocessisacontinuousone;theMSBcommanderandstaffarealwaysinvolvedinestimatingandplanning.However,the focus becomes more precise when the MSBreceivesamission.Typically,ithasalreadyreceivedawarningorderwhenthecommander,XO,orsupportoperationsofficerattendsaDISCOMmeeting.In some cases, the MSB commander mustdeducethemission,butusuallyhereceivestheplanning guidance and a restated mission fromtheDISCOMcommander.InadditiontoworkingwiththeDISCOMcommander,healsoreceivesguidancefromtheDISCOMsupportoperations branch.

Whenitreceivesordeducesitsmission,theMSB beginsmissionanalysis. Thecommanderandstafftakeintoaccountalltheplanningconsiderationssuchastheforcetobesupported,MSBcapabilities,andthedivisioncommander’sprioritiesofsupport.Thecommandsectionidentifiestasksrequiredtoaccomplishthemission,restatesthemission,andissuesawarningordertoallMSBelements,alongwiththecommander’splanningguidance.

TheMSBcommanderprovideshissubordinatecommandersandstaffwithplanningguidanceasoftenasrequired. Thefrequency,aswellastheamountandcontentoftheguidance,willvarywiththemission,availabletime,tacticalsituation,availableinformation,andhistoricaldata.Planningandguidanceareusedtoprepareestimates.Therefore,

the commander must ensure the nature of theguidancedoesnotbiasstaffestimates.Thepurpose

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oftheestimateistoprovideacommonstartpointforstaff planning. Planning guidance may includerestated mission, specific courses of action todeveloporeliminatefromconsiderationassumptions,constraints,criticalinformationrequired,orspecificconsiderations(suchasNBC,deception,orEW).TheMSBstaffprovidesfunctionalareaestimates

as discussed in FM 101-5 and Chapter 4 of thismanual.Onthebasisoftheseestimates,theMSBcommanderfinalizeshisconceptofoperations.TheXO then gives guidance on preparation of theOPORD/OPLAN. The S2/S3 consolidates the inputand publishes and distributes the OPORD/OPLANaftertheMSBcommanderapprovesit.TheMSBcommandsectionmustkeepinmind

twopointsrelatedtothedecision-makingprocesssummarizedabove.First,planningiscontinuous.Itdoesnotbeginonreceiptofamission.Thecommanderandstaffarealwaysgatheringdataandanticipatingfuturerequirements.Whenthemissionisreceived,however,stepsmustbetakentofinalizeall

theoperationaldetailsof theCSSandsecurityplans.In addition, the command section must adjust to timeconstraints.Frequently,timebecomesthemostcriticalfactoraffectinganycommanderinthedecision-makingprocess. The commander may have toproceedthroughthisprocessandissueoralorders

basedonhisknowledgeof the situationwithouttakingthetimetoformallyincludethestaffintheprocess. Thespecificityandformalizationoftheplanningguidancemayhavetobeadjusted.

Aftertheorderisissued,theMSBcommanderandstaffsuperviseitsexecution.TheprimarypurposeofthestaffistoassistsubordinateunitstocarryouttheintentoftheMSBcommander’sorder.Plansandordersarerefinedasthesituationchanges.Information comes back to the command sectionthroughreportsandpersonalobservationsofthecommandersandstaff.Onthebasisofthisinformation,theyevaluatewhetherthemissionisbeingac

complished.Changesaremadetoaddtoorrevisepreviousinstructions.

FACILITIESAnothercomponentofcommandandcontrolis

facilities.Thiscomponentincludescommandpostsandsupportingautomationandcommunicationsystems.Thesefacilitiesmakepossibleprocessingandtransmissionofinformationandordersnecessaryforeffectivecommandandcontrol.Automationanda

generalviewoftheMSBcommandpostarediscussedbelow.CommunicationsaredescribedinChapter3.

AUTOMATIONAutomatedsystemsthroughouttheDISCOMare

designedtoallowcommanderstomanageinformationtooptimizeuseoflimitedresources.

Command, Control, and Subordinate SystemStructure

CCS2isanevolvingarchitecturethatwillimprovelogisticscapabilities. Thesystemwillprovidethe

means of interfacing the five battlefield control

functions of maneuver, air defense, CSS, intelligence/EW,andfiresupport.CCS2willfunctionasan integral part of, and in support of, the ArmyTacticalCommandandControlSystem.(Note:InitialfieldingwillbegininFY90.Afullyinteractive,automated system is expected in 1995 when the objec

tiveCCS2isrealized.)TheCSSControlSystemoftheATCCSwillbean

automatedsystemthatwillprovidecommandersandtheirstaffwithlogistics,medical,andpersonnelinformation. Itisdesignedtoprovidetimely,accurate,integratedinformationthatfacilitatesthedecision-makingprocess; accruesmaximumbenefitfromresources;enhancesvisibilityofcriticalassets;andidentifiessustainmentsupportability.Itfacilitatesthecollection,analysis,projection,anddistributionofinformationtothemaneuvercommanders.TheCSSCSfacilitatestheconsolidationofdatafromCSSsubordinate units and the CSS Standard ArmyManagementInformationSystems.TheCSSCSwill

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beemployedatmaneuverbrigade,division,corps,andechelonsabovecorps.Figure2-1showstheCSSCSinsupportofthedivisionrear.

Functional SystemsBesidesprovidinglogisticsC2informationtothe

CSSCScomponentsoftheATCCS,CSSSTAMISsareemployedattheMSBtoenhancelogisticsoperations.ThesesoftwaresystemsoperateoneithertheTACCSortheULChardware.ThesystemsusedbytheMSBarediscussedbelow

SIDPERS operatesonTACCSandautomatesstrength accounting assignment, organizationrecordkeepingpersonnelrecordkeeping,andlabor-intensivemilitarypersonneloperationswithintheS1sectionoftheMSB.

ULLS operates on the ULC and providesautomationoflogisticsfunctionsattheunitand

battalionlevels.ULLSisemployedthroughoutthedivisiontoincludetheDISCOM.Theunitmaintenanceapplicationhasbeendeveloped.(Inaddition,anS4consolidatedlogisticscomponentiscurrentlyunderdevelopment.)ULLSinterfaces with CSSCS, SARSS-1, SAMS-1,SPBS-R,andotherapplicableSTAMISs.SARSS-1operatesonTACCShardwareinthe

MSB’sS&S,light,andmissilemaintenancecompanies.ThesystemautomatesclassII,III(pkg),IV,VII,andIXsupplyactions.Itperformstimesensitivefunctionssuchasreceipt,storage,issue,replenishment,inventory adjustments, supply

performancereportingandexcessidentification,aswellasmaintainingaccountablestockrecord balance. During normal distributionoperations,SARSS-1interfacesdirectlywithSARSS-2AonTACCSattheDMMC.Incontingencyoperations,SARSS-1canoperateintheautonomousmodewithoutSARSS-2AsupportandinterfacedirectlywiththeDAAStorouterequisitionsdirectlytothewholesalesupplysystem.InadditiontointerfacingwithSARSS-2A,SARSS-1interfacesaremaintainedwithULLS,SPBS-R, SAMS-1, DAMMS-R, CSSCS, andPWIS.

SAMS-1 operates on TACCS and isemployed in all maintenance companies

assigned to the FSB and MSB (light, heavy,andmissilemaintenancecompanies)andintheaircraft maintenance company. The system automatesmaintenance production control, providing immediate

job order and backlog status information. It provides,through file inquiry, repair parts and shop stock asset

status.Itscreensproductionpartsrequirementsagainst on-hand assets and automatically generates,edits and passes requests to the supply system via aninterface with SARSS-1.

SAMS-2 operatesonTACCShardwareandisemployedinthelightmaintenancecompanyof theMSBandintheDMMCmaterielsection.ThesystemreceivesSAMS-1dataandprovidesimmediateproductionandsupplyrequirementstomanagers.Itgivesdailyvisibilityofdeadlinedequipment. The materiel condition statusreport module displays parts required forproduction and readiness by either unit orweaponsystem.InadditiontotheSAMS-1interface, SAMS-2 interfaces with other appropriate SAMS-2 (for example, DMMC toCMMC), SAMS-3, and other designatedSTAMISs.

DAMMS-R operatesonTACCShardwareandisemployedintheHHDoftheMSBwhereitinterfaceswiththeMCOassignedtotheS2/S3section of the DISCOM headquarters. TheMCOautomatedmissionperformancealsorequiresaDAMMS-RonTACCSinterfacewiththeMSBTMTcompanyDAMMS-RoperationsonULC.Thesystemprovidesintransitcargomovements data, mode asset status,hold/diversionstatus,movementinformation,transportation status reports, containerreports,ETAforecasts,andtransportationintelligence.

TAMMIS-D operatesonTACCSandULChardwareandisemployedinthemedicalcompanyoftheMSB.Thesystemprovidestimely,accurate,andrelevantinformationthroughtheMEDPAR-D and MEDLOG-D subsystems.MEDPAR-D provides automated capabilities intreatmentanddispositiondata,unitmedicalad

ministration,ICRS.medicalC2,andsystemsetup/maintenance. There is also a ADTMC

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module which will assist the aidman in thepropertreatmentand/ordispositionofdiseasecases.MEDLOG-Dmanagesmedicalsupplies,medicalassemblages,andbiomedicalequipment maintenance.

COMMAND POSTThedynamicsofthemodernbattlefield–speed,complexity, and lethality–will require the veryhighestleveloforganizationandoperationalefficiencywithinanyCPstructure.Automatedandmanualinformationsystemsmustminimizethetimerequiredforadministrativeprocessingofinformation,ensureaccurateportrayalofthetacticalsituation,preventneedlessverificationofdata,andmakeinformationimmediatelyavailabletothecommanderandmembersofthestaff.TwoprincipalstaffsectionsprovidedtodothisarethesupportoperationsofficeforthesupportmissionandtheS2/S3section

fortacticalmission.TheprimaryMSBC2facilityisthecommandpost.

Akeyconsiderationindeterminingthelocationof theCPistheabilityofthesitetoprovideforgoodcommunicationswithhigher,lower,andadjacentorganizations. Considerations must include thecapabilitytoremoteantennasandtouseterraintomasktransmissions.FM24-1hasdetails.TheCPshouldbelocatednearrouteswhichallowrelativelyeasyaccessintothearea.Prominentterrainfeaturesand major road junctions should be avoided topreventtheenemyfromreadilydeterminingtheCPlocation.

Whenpossible,theCPshouldbelocatedinbuilt-upareas.Barns,garages,andwarehouseseliminatetheneedforextensivecamouflage.Basementsprovide added protection from enemy fires. Use of built-upareasalsoreduces infraredandelectromagneticsignaturesandcanreducetherequirementtomoveasoften.

Whenbuilt-upareasarenotavailable,theCPshouldbelocatedonthereverseslopetoprovidecoverandconcealmentfrombothgroundandairobservationfires.Thegroundmustbefirmenoughtosupportvehicletraffic,havegooddrainage,and

provideenoughspacetodispersevehicles.

TheCPshouldtravellightandbeabletomoveoften.ACPisamajorsourceofelectromagneticandinfraredenergy.IftheCPdoesnotmoveoften,itslocationcanbefreedandtargeted.ThelargerandmoreelaboratetheCPsetup,thelessrapidlytheCPwillbeabletomove.However,themorefrequently

theCPmoves,themorecommand,control,andcommunicationssuffer.

WhentheCPdoesmove,itdisplacesbyechelons.Oncean interimoperationalcapabilityis establishedatthenewlocation,theremainderoftheCPelementsmove.

LAYOUT

The CP is formed out of assets organic to theHHDMSBandisnormallycomprisedofpersonnelandequipmentfromtheplansandoperationsandcommunicationsbranchesandsupportoperationssection. The CP is organized into a dual shelterconfiguration. The direct support mission ismanagedinthesupportoperationsvanwhilethecommunications,intelligence,andoperationsmissionsareaccomplishedintheS2/S3tentasdepictedinFigure2-2.

CP PERSONNELTheCPpersonnelnormallyoperateina2-shift

mode.Table2-1isanexampleofhowtheMSBCPpositionscouldbeorganizedintotwoshifts.Thisisonlyanexampleofminimumstaffing.Duringintenseactivity,allavailablepersonnelmayberequiredforshortperiods.However,maximumstaffingcannotcontinueindefinitely.MSBcommanderandstaff must consider fatigue and sleep loss that occurduringcombat.Fatiguecausedbylackofsleepisamajorsourceofbattlefieldstress.Leadersareparticularlysusceptible.Principlestominimizefatigueincludethefollowing:

Specifiedsleepplansmustbedevelopedandenforced.Plansshouldallowforatleast3to4hoursof

sleepevery24hours.Evenatthisrate,performance,especiallydecisionmakingskills,willbecomedegradedinseveraldays.

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Priority of sleep must go to those whose The primary shift is normally assigned to thedecisionmakingiscriticaltothemission. busiestpart of theworkday.The secondary shift isInorderforsleepplanstowork,soldiersmustbe intendedforperiodsofreducedactivity.Normallyaproblembeyondthedecision-makingauthorityofthecross-trained.Onetechniquewhichmayhelpisto secondaryshiftwillcauseselectivereinforcementdevelopperformancesupportstosimplifycritical

tasks.TheseincludeaidssuchasspecificSOPsor fromtheprimaryshift.

checklists.

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CHAPTER3

Communications

DEVELOPMENTS IN COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMSCommunicationsequipmentandsystemsarecur

rentlyundergoingchangewithinthecorpsandthedivision.Thecurrentareacommunicationssystemwillbereplacedbythemobilesubscriberequipmentsystem.

CurrentVHF-FM(AN/VRC-12series)radiosand HF-SSB (AN/GRC-106) radios will also bereplacedbythesinglechannelgroundandairborneradiosubsystem,andtheimprovedhighfrequencyradios. Along with these equipment changes,automated hardware systems will also be deployed insupportofC2andmanagementinformationsystems.

ThesechangeswillaffecttheMSBintheareaof

connectivitytotheareasystem.UnderthecurrentsystemtheMSBnormallyhastrunksfromtheMSBswitchboard to the signal battalion operatedswitchboardwhichsupportstheDISCOMheadquarters(supportplatoonofthecommandoperations

company of the signal battalion). When MSE is

deployed,theMSBwillrunwirefromunitlocationstotheMSEinterfacepoint.TheamountofwiretheMSBheadquartersandcompanieswillneedwillbe basedon thedispersionrequirementsoftheparticular situation, which is the relationship of each unittothenearestMSEinterfacepoint.

WiththedeploymentoftheMSE,thewirelayingforallunitswillhavetobecoveredbyunitSOP.Itmustcoverwhodoesitandinwhatpriority.Thecommunicationsmeanswillremainessentiallythesame.TheMSBwilldependoncourier,combatnetradios,andwireaccesstothesignalcorpsprovidedareacommunicationssystem.Telephones,facsimile,anddataterminalswillbeuserownedandoperatedsubscriberinstrumentsontheareasystemviawireaccess.

CURRENT AREA SYSTEMThecurrentareasystemisshowninFigure3-1. communication system (signal battalionmultichan-

The MSB and companies use their organic nel system) at the DISCOM support platoonswitchboards(SB-22)andtelephoneinstrumentsfor switchboard (signal battalionasset). The companiesinternal wire communications. Wire nets are willtieintotheMSBswitchboardordirectlyintothedepicted in Figures 3-2 through 3-8 (Pages 3-3 signalbattalionswitchboardtogainaccessintothethrough3-8).TheMSBwillnormallytieintothearea

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162-170 O-94-2

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areasystem.Methodsoftie-inintotheareasystem telephoneinstrumentswillnotbecapableofenteringwillbedependentontacticaldispersionofunits. the4-wiredigitalMSEareasystem.TheMSBaswell

WhentheMSEareasystemreplacesthecurrent asotherunitswillretaintheorganic,2-wireequip-

areasystem,thecurrent2-wireunitswitchboardsand ment, for internal communications requirements.

MSE AREA COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMNodal switching.

tionssystemwithinthedivision.Itisthebackboneof TheMSBwillparticipateinthefirstfourofthethecorpssystemandwillbedeployedfromthecorps abovestatedfunctionalareas.rearboundaryforwardtothedivisionmaneuver battalion’smainCP.MSEiscomprisedoffivefunc- AREA COVERAGEtional areas: AreacoveragemeansthatMSEprovidescommon

Areacoverage,corpsanddivisionC2com- usersupporttoageographicalarea,asopposedtomunications system. dedicatedsupporttoaunitorcustomer.Figure3-9Wire subscriberaccessusingDNVT. showsthedeploymentofareanodesacrossacorpsSubscriberterminals. area.Thesenodesarecallednodecenters.Theyare

MobilesubscriberaccessusingMSRTorCNR.

depictedinFigure3-10.Theyareunderthecontrol

MSEistheareacommonuservoicecommunica

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ofthecorpssignalofficertomeettheneedsofthecorps commander’s intent.Atthedivisionlevel,thedivisionsignalbattalion

operatesfourofthesenodes.Connectedtothesenodes,vialime-of-sightradios,aresmallextensionnode switchboards and large extension node

switchboards.Thefollowingswitchboardsareorganic tothedivisionsignalbattalion:12SEN(VI)switchboardscapableofsupport

ing26subscriberseach.4SEN(V2)switchboardscapableofsupporting41subscriberseach.1LENswitchboardcapableofsupporting176

subscribers.

AtypicaldeploymentofswitchboardswithinthedivisionisshowninFigure3-11.Tacticaldispersionrequirementswill,inmostcases,requiretheMSBtotieintoaSENratherthantheLEN.Thedeployment

ofSEN/LENswitchboardsismerelyoneapproach.

ThelocationofswitchboardswillbedeterminedbythedivisionC-Eofficer’srecommendationtotheG3.ThisrecommendationwillbebasedonMETT-T,thecommander’sintentandcustomerrequirements.TheSEN/LENlocationshouldnotberelatedtoaspecificunit.

WIRE SUBSCRIBER ACCESSWiresubscriberaccesspointswillprovidethe

entry(interface)pointsbetweenuserownedandoperatedfreedsubscriberterminalequipment,andtheMSEareasystem,operatedbythecorps,divisionsignal battalions.

Figures 3-12 through 3-14 show the MSEswitchboardconfigurationswhichtheMSBmaytieintotheareasystem. Thetwotypesofinterfaceequipments are —

Thesignaldistributionpanel(junctionbox) J-1077.Eachpanelwillprovideup to13sub

scriberaccesspoints.

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Remotemultiplexercombinerswhichprovideaccessforeightsubscriberaccesspoints.Beyondthesetwointerfacepoints(J-1077and

RMC),theusingunitsareresponsiblefortheinstallationandoperationoffreedsubscriberterminalinstrumentsaswellastheinstallationandmaintenanceoftheWF16fieldwirefromtheinstrumentstotheinterfacepoints(J-1077andRMC)intothe

areaMSEsystem.

WF16wireconsistsofhvopairsofwire.Onepairisolivedrab,theotherbrown.Theolivedrabpairhasaridgealongthesidefornightidentification.

SUBSCRIBER TERMINALS (FIXED)

Subscriber terminals used by the MSB headquartersanditsorganiccompaniesarethedigitalnonsecurevoicetelephones.ThisistheprimeMSEsubscriber terminalandprovidesfullduplexdigital,

4-wirevoiceaswellasadataportforinterfacingthe

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MOBILE SUBSCRIBER TERMINALAN/UXC-7facsimile,TACCScomputer,theunitlevelcomputer,andtheinterfacefortheMSBintotheATCCS.MSEisprimarilydesignedasavoiceswitching

network.Untildatatransfersystemsbecomeavail

ableorMSEisenhancedwithapacketswitchingcapability,automationterminalsshouldbekepttoaminimum.Bulkdatarequirementsshouldbemetwithanothermeansoftransfer,suchascourier.SeeFigure3-15.Figures3-16and3-17portraytheassignmentofDNVT,FAX,ATCCSandULCfortheMSBanditscompanies.TheDNVTwilltieintotheareasystemthrougheitherapaneloranRMC.

TheMSEterminalistheAN/VRC-97orMSRTThisMSRT,whichconsistsofaveryhighfrequencyradioandadigitalsecurevoiceterminal,isavehicle-mountedassembly.ItinterfaceswithMSEsystemthrougharadioaccessunit.TheprimaryuseoftheMSRTistoprovidemobilesubscribersaccesstotheMSEareanetwork..Figure3-18isatypicalMSRTinterfaceintotheareasystem.RAUsaredeployedtomaximizeareacoverageandMSRTconcentrations.TheMSRTprovideskeymobilesubscriberaccesstotheareasystem.MSRTcanalsooperateinaCPlocationtoallowaccesstostaffandfunctionalpersonnel.

COMBAT NET RADIO SYSTEMThe combat net radio structure is designed

aroundthreeseparateradiosystems;eachhasdifferentcapabilitiesandtransmissioncharacteristics.Thethreesystemsare–

Improvedhighfrequencyradio.Single-channelgroundandairborneradio.Single-channel objective tactical terminal.

SCOTTisastand-alonetransportabletacticalsatellite communications terminal that will betransparenttotheMSB.Theothertwosystems,IHFRandSINCGARS,willprovideameansofvoicetransmissionofC2informationandameansfordatatransmission,whichwillberequiredifdatatransferrequirementscannotbemetbytheMSEsystem.

Current CNR equipment in the MSB are theAN/GRC-106andtheAN/VRC-12seriesradios.These will be replaced by AN/GRC-213 andSINCGARSseries,respectively.TheAWGRC-213isalow-powermanpack/vehicularradio.ItinterfaceswiththeotherconfigurationsoftheIHFRsystem.SINCGARSisanewfamilyofVHF-FMradios.Theseradiosaredesignedforsimple,quickoperation using a 16-element keypad for operation for voiceordigitaldatacommunications.Theyarecapableof short-rangeorlong-rangeoperationforvoiceordigi

taldatacommunications.Theplanningrangeis8to

35kilometers.Theyarecapableofasingle-channel

operationforinterfacewiththeAN/VRC12seriesorotherFMradiosoperatinginasinglechannelmode.They also operate in a jam resistent, frequency-hoppingmodewhichcanbechangedasneeded.

DiagramsforeachnetoperatedbytheMSBarepresentedinthissection.Eachispresentedfirstwiththecurrentequipment(AN/VRC-12andGRC-106radios)andthenwiththeSINCGARSandIHFRradios.Theseconddiagramforeachnetdoesnotrepresentasimple,one-for-onereplacement,oldfornew.Ratherthediagramreflectstheapplicationof incrementalchangepackagesforSINCGARSandIHFR over a period of time. (The assignment of radioequipmenttospecificsectionswasinfluenced byarequirementsvalidationreview.)

MSB COMMAND/OPERATIONS NET

This net is used to command and control theelements of the MSB both from a tactical (rearoperations)andfromaCSSmissionperspective.Netcontrolismaintainedby thecommunicationsbranchoftheS2/S3section.TheS2/S3sectionandsupportoperationssectioncolocateanduseacombinationof remotesandinstalledradiostooperateinthefollowingexternalnets:

DISCOM Command/Operations Net.

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DISCOMLogisticsOperationsNet.See Figures 3-19 and 3-20 for the MSB

command/operations net.

SUPPLY AND SERVICE COMPANY NET

ThiscommandnetprovidesC2forthecompany.Eachofthefivewaterpointshaveradiosinthisnet.Thepetroleumplatoonisallocatedthreetankerunitswithradiosforcontrolpurposeswhenconvoysgoforward to refueling points in the FSB area. SeeFigures3-21and3-22fortheS&Scompanynet.

MAINTENANCE COMPANIESCOMMAND NETS

ThemaintenancecompaniesnetsprovideC2fortheirmaintenanceelements.Attimeselementsofthesecompanieswilloperatethroughoutthedivisionarearequiringclosecoordinationofcustomerradiofrequenciestomeetoncustomernetsforcoordinationofmaintenancerequirements.SeeFigures3-23and3-24forthelightmaintenancecompany,Figures3-25and3-26fortheheavymaintenancecompany,andFigures3-27and3-28forthemissilesupportcompany.

FM 63-21

MEDICAL COMPANY COMMAND NET - FM

ThemedicalcompanyFMnetprovidesC2formedicaltreatmentandevacuationthroughoutthedivisionareaforwardtothebrigaderearboundaries.Dualnetcapabilityisprovidedatplatoonandsquadlevelforcoordinationwithsupportedunitsandmedi

calairevacuation.SeeFigures3-29and3-30forthemedicalcompanycommandnet.

MEDICAL COMPANY OPERATIONS NETAM VOICE

ThemedicaloperationsAMnetprovideslong-rangevoicecapabilitytotiethedivisionmedicalelementsintotheoverallcorpsmedicaltreatmentandevacuationsystem.SeeFigures3-31and3-32forthemedicalcompanyoperationsnet.

TRANSPORTATION MOTOR TRANSPORTCOMPANY COMMAND NET - FM

This net provides C2 for truck platoons andsquads.ThecompanyCPactsasNCSforthenetandprovidesthetruckmasteraccessforcontrolanddispatchpurposes.SeeFigures3-33and3-34forthetransportationmotortransportcompanynet.

SIGNAL SECURITYAspartoftheoveralloperationssecuritypro

gram,MSBelementsmustconsistentlypracticesignal security. A vital consideration is siting of transmitting antennas. Sites must enable communicationswhileminimizingtheenemy’sabilitytointerceptand locate transmissions.Considerationsinclude —

RemoteantennasawayfromCPsbyatleast1kilometer.Constructandusedirectionalantennas.Useterrainfeatures,suchashills,vegetation,andbuildingstomasktransmission.Disperse transmitters.

Otherguidelinesonsignalsecurityincludethefollowing:

Maintainradioorradiolisteningsilence,using

radioonlywhenabsolutelynecessary.

Distributecodesonaneed-to-knowbasis.Use only authorized call signs and brevity codes.Use wire and messengers whenever feasible.Use available secure voice/RATT devices.

Maintainnetdisciplineandcontrol.Use authentication and encryption codes

specifiedinthecurrentSOI.Keep transmissions short (less than 20

seconds).ReportallCOMSECdiscrepanciestothenet

control station.Use lowest transmitter power output consistent

withgoodcommunications.Avoidsignificantsurgesintrafficonsingle

channelradionets.

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CHAPTER4

Headquarters and Headquarters Detachment

ORGANIZATION AND MISSION

The MSB headquarters and headquarters Planning,directing,andsupervisingsupportdetachmentconsistsofabattalionheadquartersand providedbytheMSBtocustomers.aheadquartersdetachment.AsshowninFigure4-1, ProvidinginformationandadviceonMSBsup-thebattalionheadquartershasfivesections:com- port to the commander and staff of themand,S1,S2/S3,S4,andsupportoperations.

DISCOM.ThebattalionheadquartersperformstheC2func- Planning,directing,andsupervisingtheadtions.ItalsoemploystheC2facilitiesdiscussedin ministrationfororganicandattachedunits.Chapter3.Generally,itsmissionincludes Trainingandinternallogisticssupportforunits

Commandandcontroloforganicandattached organicandattachedtothebattalion.Planninganddirectingrearoperationsasas-units.signedbytheDISCOMcommander.

PERSONNEL AND SECTIONSMSB COMMANDER

Prepare estimates.orattachedtothebattalion.Heprovidessubor-TheMSBcommandercommandsallunitsorganic Give appraisals.dinateelementswithclearmissions,taskings,and Makerecommendationsanddecisions.statementofhisintent. Prepareplans.Uponreceiptofamission,thecommandergives Issueorders.

planningguidancetohisstaff.Hereceivesrequired Coordinateandcontrolunitoperations.informationfromhisstaff.Hethenrestatesthemis-Supervisesubordinateunits.sioninaclear,concisestatementoftaskstobedone,

andthepurposetobeachieved.Examplesoftasks EXECUTIVE OFFICERthatthestaffmustbeabletoperformare–

TheXOistheprincipalassistanttothebattalionAnalyzeterrainandthreat. commander.Assecondincommand,hemustunder-Functionasaneffectiveteam. standthesupportoperationsandthenon-CSSfunc-

Exchange information. tionsofthebattalion.HesupervisestheMSBstaff.

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Hecoordinatesassignedmissionswithsubordinateunitcommanders.Underthecommander’sdirections, he formulates staff operating policies. Heoverseesthemaintenanceofthemasterpolicyfiles.Also,hesupervisesCPoperations.

S1 SECTIONThe S1 Section consists of the battalion S1 or

adjutantandthepersonnelandadministrationcenter.Asthepersonnelstaffofficer,theS1coordinatesstaffresponsibilityforthepersonnelservicesupport.Thisincludespersonnel,administrative,financial,religious,medical,publicaffairs,andlegalsupport.

TheS1participatesinthefullrangeofstaffofficerfunctions.HecoordinatesPSSactivitiesandadvisesthe commander on them. He participates in theoperationsorderprocessanddevelopslossrateestimates. Herecommendsreplacementpriorities.Heassureshisareasarefullycoordinatedwithotherstaffelements.HealsopaysparticularattentiontoareaswhereclosecoordinationisnecessarytoassurepropercompletionofPSSmissions.SuchareasareinGRREG,transportation,andmedicalsupport.

The PAC provides the battalion S1 with staff support on personnel, administrative, financial,

publicaffair,andlegalmatters.Thechaplainand

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themedicalcompanycommanderalsoprovidestaff supportonanareabasis.PSSstaffpersonnelsupportboththecommandanditssoldiers.

During combat operations, primary PACresponsibilitiesfocusonstrengthaccounting,casualtyreporting,andreplacementoperations.Forper

forming strength accounting, the S1 sectionconsolidatessubordinateelement’sbattlerosters.Itcross-checkscasualtywitnessstatementswiththemedicalaidstationsandMPstragglercontrolpointreports.Itupdatesthebattalionmasterbattleroster.ItalsopreparesthePERSTAT.TheS1sectionestablishesareplacementreceivingpoint.Itbriefsreplacementsonunitassignmentandtacticalsituations. It also coordinates the transportation of replacements to subordinate units.

TheS1sectioncoordinatesmedicalsupport.Itcoordinatestheschedules,locations,andcapabilitiesofmedicalsupportwiththeMSBmedicalcompany.Itpreparesandprovidesanareamedicalplantothesubordinateelements.Thesectionmonitorsthebattalion preventive medicine countermeasures. ItmonitorstheroutineandemergencytreatmenttoensurecompliancewiththetacticalSOP.ItcoordinateswiththemedicalcompanycommanderandMSBS2/S3todevelopacombatlifesaverprogramforMSBpersonnel. ItalsocoordinateswiththemedicalclearingstationforreturntodutyofMSBpersonnel.

TheS1andPACnormallycolocatewiththeS4sectionneartheMSBCP.Thiscollocationprovides

forimproved, continuous operations capability.CrosstrainingofS1andS4sectionsoldiersiskeytothis capability.

ThePACmaintainsandprocessespersonnelinformationthroughdatainputtotheTACCS.Subordinateandsupportedunitssendinformationforinput to the PAC. Input is in the form of hastystrength reports, casualty feeder reports, and

battle roster updates. The input of informationintoTACCSautomaticallyupdatesthepersonnelsummary report and personnel requirementreport. It also updates other SIDPERS input. Insituationswheresubordinateunitsaretaskforce

configured,thePACpreparesareportknownas

thetaskforcepersonnelsummary.ThePACforwards strength reports and the casualty feederreports to the DISCOM S1. Further information on S1 and PAC operations is found in FM12-6.

OtherfunctionsofthePACinsupportofthe

MSBinclude–CoordinatewiththeS2/S3,S4,andMPplatoonleaderonthelocationofEPWcollectionpoints.ProjectnumbersofEPWsandcivilianinternees.Determinetotaltransportationrequirementsforlosses,replacements,andEPWs.SubmittransportationrequesttotheS4.Provideadministrativeservice,iftacticalsituationpermits.CoordinatethroughtheDISCOMS1toobtain

finance services support from the servicingfinancesupportunit.

Determine requirements formail distribution.Coordinate and supervise postal operations.Coordinatemorale,welfare,andrecreation.Maintainthehometownnewsreleasesanddistributioncenteroperations.Coordinatethepreparationofsoldiersforoverseasmovement.

S2/S3 SECTION

The S2/S3 is the operations, intelligence,

security, and training officer. He is responsiblefor internal MSB operations. The S2/S3 advisesandassiststheMSBcommanderinplanningandcoordinating battalion operations. Also, he supervises the communications, operations, andtraining of the battalion. He is responsible forthesecurityandintelligencefunctionsofthebattalion.TheS2/S3supervisestheMSBfunctionsthat are not classified as logistics or medical.However,hisroleandthatofthesupportoperationsofficerrequirethattheymaintainconstantcontact.The S2/S3 is responsible for writing and reviewing the battaliontacticalSOP.TheS2/S3sectionconsistsof

twobranches–plansandoperationsbranchandcommunications branch.

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Plans and Operations Branch

TheplansandoperationsbranchmonitorsthetacticaloperationsoftheMSB.Itmakesrecommendationstothecommander,publishesorders,andsupervisesimplementationofplansandorders.Italsomaintainsthecurrentfriendlyandenemysitua

tions.The NBC specialist in the branch monitors,

receives,coordinates,analyzes,andevaluatesNBCactivitydata.HedevelopsresponseproceduresforNBCdefense.HemakesrecommendationstothecommanderonMOPPlevels.HealsopreparesNBCreports 1 through 6. More information on NBCoperationsisinAppendixB.

Thebranchplansandcoordinatestacticalmovements.Itconductsroutereconnaissanceandsupervisestacticalroadmarches.Italsoreceivesclosingreportsandsupervisesappropriatestaffactivities

duringmovement.The S2/S3 section prepares and develops an

intelligenceestimate.Thesectionidentifiesinformationrequirementsbyreviewingrestatedmissions.ItidentitiescurrentintelligenceholdingsbyreviewingtheS2workbookandsituationmaps.Italsoreviewspolicyfiles,journals,intelligencefiles,and summaries. It prepares the IPB as it relatesto the MSB mission. Once the estimate isprepared,thesectionprovidesthecontentsoftheintelligence estimate to the commander. It alsoprovidesthiscontenttothecommander’sstaffandtotheMSBstaff.

Thebranchpreparesanddevelopsthebattaliondefense plan. It coordinates the integration of MSB defense with the DISCOM S2/S3. It identifiesprobableengagementareasandselectstargetreference points. Other plans the branchdevelopsunderthebattaliondefenseplanare–

Mobilityandcountermobilityplan.Airdefenseplan.Communications plan.ADCplan.RearoperationannexofAppendixA.

Thisbranchisalsoresponsibleforthepreparationofotherdocuments.Theyare—

Movementsorders.Intelligenceannextoorders.

Dailyintelligencesummaryforsubordinateunits.PortionoftheOPORD/OPLAN.EssentialelementsofinformationforinclusionintotheOPORD.

Communications Branch

ThisbranchsupervisesCOMSECandCCIactivities.Itoperatesthecommunicationsequipment.It also serves as net control station for the MSBcommand/operationsnet.Thebranchensurescommunicationslinkswithhigher,adjacent,subordinate,andsupportedunits. It operates a station in the

DISCOMcommand/operationsnet(FMvoice)andintheDISCOMlogisticsoperationsnet(AMvoice).Itplansandimplementsbackupmeansofcommunications.Italsoensuresradiocommunicationsexistduringamovebetweenthestartpointandrelease point.

S4 SECTION

Thissectionisresponsibleforplanning,coordinating,andsupervisingunit-levelsupplyandservices. It also plans for maintenance andtransportationsupportwithinthebattalion.TheS4sectioncoordinatesschedulesandmethodsofdis

tributionbetweensubordinateelementsandDSunits. ItprocessesrequestsfromthesupplyandservicecompanyforclassII,III,IV,andVIIitems.Processingtheserequests replenishesthe basic loadsofallMSBelements.ItrequestsandissuesallrequiredCTA50-900itemswithintheMSB.ItalsomonitorstheMSBcompanyrequestsforclassIXitemsfromthemaintenancecompany.ThesectionmonitorsthestatusforallbattalionelementsintheareasofclassI,III,andIVitems.Itmonitorsoperationalreadinessofequipment.ItalsopreparestheclassIIIforecastandsubmitsittothesupportoperations section.

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TheS4section,throughtheBMT,coordinatesunitmaintenance operations. It consolidates subordinateunitsmaintenancereportstoanalyzeoverallbattalionequipmentstatus.Itprovidesequipmentstatusreportstothecommanderandotherstaffsectionsformissionplanningpurposes.Itmonitorssubordinateunits’PLL.ThisensuresoperatinglevelsareconsistentwithtacticalSOPrequirements.Itcoordinatesrecoveryandevacuationassetswithsubordinateelements.Coordinationensurestimelyrecoveryandevacuationofallbattalionequipment.ThesectioncoordinateswiththeS3andsupportoperationssectiononthepriorityofmaintenanceeffort.Also,itcoordinatesforallottedtimeforequipmentrepairs.TheS4sectioncoordinateswiththeS1onunit

strength.Italsocoordinatesonreplacementdatatoprojectlogisticsrequirements.Togethertheyalsoensure all MSB replacements are issued allauthorizedequipment.TheS4monitorsfieldfeeding

andsanitationactivitieswithintheMSB.ItalsocoordinatesfieldservicerequirementswiththesupportoperationssectionforallMSBunits.TheS4sectioncoordinatesmovementplanswith

theS2/S3.ItconsolidatestransportationrequirementsforallMSBunits.Itpassesthemtothesupportoperationssection.Itpreparesloadplansforthe battalion headquarters. Also, it coordinatestransportationassetswiththeS2/S3forPOWevacuation.

SUPPORT OPERATIONS SECTIONThesupportoperationssectioncoordinatesand

providessupervisionforlogisticsandmedicalfunctions.ThismissionincludesDSsupplyandDSmaintenance.Itincludessomefieldservices,HSS,andtransportationoperations.Thesupportoperationsofficeradvisesthecommanderonrequirementsversusavailableassets.RequirementsaredeterminedincoordinationwiththeDISCOMsupportoperationsbranch.Thesupportoperationsofficerensureslogisticsandmedicalsupporttothesupportedunitsremainatalevelconsistentwithtacticaloperation.Herecommendssupportprioritiesandensureslogistics SOPS are up-to-date. He prepares and distributestheexternalservicesupportSOP.ThisSOP

providesguidancetosupportedunitsonprocedures

involvedinreceivingsupport.HecoordinatesadditionalsupportwiththeDISCOMsupportoperations branch.Thesupportoperationsofficerdirectstheactivitiesofthesupportoperationssection.Thesupportoperationssectionisresponsiblefor

thefollowingactions:

Coordinates DS to units in the DSA.Reinforces support to the FSBs.ProvidestechnicalassistancetotheMSBcompaniesandsupportedunits.CoordinateswiththeMSBS3tointegratethetechnicalmissionwithoperationplans.Maintains thelogisticssituationmapdepictinglocationsofunitsprovidinglogisticssupportfordivision units.CoordinateswiththeS2/S3onthelocationof allsupportpointswithintheDSA.Ensuressupportedunitsareawareofthelocationsandtime

schedulesforsupportoperations.Implementsthecommander’sguidanceonpriorityofsupporttocommittedbrigades.AdvisestheMSBcommanderonlogisticssupportoperations.Prepares,reviews,orimplementsplans,andproceduresbasedonguidancefromtheMSBcommander.CoordinateswiththeDISCOMsupportoperationsbranchandFSBsforreinforcementwhentheFSBsareovercommitted.Developsandmaintainsreconstitutionsupport

plansforreconstitutionofcommittedunits.Designatesandtrainsmembersofreconstitutionteams.Thereconstitutionteamsassessdamageor reconstitutedecimatedunits.

Thesupportoperationssectionhasa supportoperationsoffice;asupply,transportation,andservicesbranch;andamaintenancebranch.

Support Operations OfficeThisofficeisresponsibletoplan,coordinate,and

superviseDSsupplyandservicesforthebattalion.ItalsoplansDSmaintenanceandtransportationsfunctions.Theofficeinterfaceswiththecustomer’slogistics staff officers and the DISCOM support

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operations branch. It also interfaces with theDMMC.Itprovidessupply,services,andtransportation support.

For HSS, the support operations office assistedbythemedicalcompany,providesinputtothe DISCOM service support. It provides input

for the annex on medical evacuation andhospitalization. Input covers class VIII supply,helicopter landing sites, priority of medical effort,andevacuationprocedures.Onthebasisof projectedWIAlosses,theofficeplanstreatmentand evacuation. It coordinates plans with unitsin the DSA and the medical company. It alsocoordinates plans with the DISCOM medicaloperations office. The support operations office manages mass casualty operations whentreatment and evacuation requirements exceedcapabilities.

Supply and Transportation and Service BranchThisbranchplans,coordinates,andsupervises

battalionoperationsforsupply,transportation,andfieldservices.Thebranchpreparesschedules.ItassignsprioritiesincoordinationwiththeDISCOMsupportoperations.Also,itdistributestheworkload.ThebranchcoordinatesthedeliveryofsupplieswiththeMSBS&Scompany.ItmonitorsclassesII,III(P),IV,andVIIissuesfromthedistributionpoints.ThisbranchmonitorsthesalvageoperationsactivitiestodirecthighpriorityexchangeitemsasdirectedbytheDMMC.Italsomonitorsthesubordinateunits’WRSOstatusreportsforanticipatedrequirements.

The branch has several specific functions inthe area of supply and services. It coordinatessupplydistributionandservicesprovisionwiththe DISCOM. It coordinates the same for theFSBs and supported units. It monitors daily

battle loss reports to anticipate requirements. If airliftorairdropisrequired,itrequestsandcoordinatesthesupportasdiscussedinChapter6.Intheareaoftransportation,thebranchcoor

dinateswiththeDISCOMMCOfordailyvehicleavailability and requirements. Itmaintains statisticsonoperationalcapabilitiesof theTMTcompanyand

otherorganicorattachedtransportationassets.Thetransportationpersonnelalsoevaluatetransportcapabilitiesofthebattalion.TheypreparetheTMTcompanyoperationandorganizationprocedures.Thisincludescoordinatingtransportationofsuppliestoandfromusingunits.

ThisbranchcoordinateswiththeS&Scompanyonplacementandoperationsoffieldservicesaugmentationunits.Itrequestsfieldservices.ItcoordinatesthroughtheDISCOMsupportoperations

branch for incoming augmentation. The branchcoordinatestheaugmentationofGRREGcollectionspointstothesupplycompaniesintheBSAs.Italso coordinatestransportation requirementsfor theGRREGcollectionpoints.

Maintenance BranchThemaintenancebranchplans,coordinates,and

supervisesthemaintenanceoperationsofthebat

talion.ThisincludestechnicalsupervisionoverDSmaintenance functions within the battalion. Itprovidestechnicalassistancetosupportedunits.ItalsocoordinatestheexecutionoftheworkloadassignedbytheDMMC.ThisbranchcoordinatesthereinforcingofmaintenancesupporttotheFSBs.ItspersonnelcoordinatemaintenanceoperationsbetweenmaintenancecompaniesanddivisionunitsintheDSA.PersonnelalsorequestadditionalrequiredmaintenancesupportfromtheDISCOMsupportoperationsbranch.TheymonitorMCPactivitiestodirectorderlyevacuationandrepairofunserviceable.PersonnelcoordinateSOPs,bothinternaland

external,forallunitssupportedbytheMSB.Theycoordinatemaintenanceoverflowwith theDISCOMsupport operations branch.Twokeyareasforthisparticularbrancharein

communicationsandgeneralmaintenanceoperations. BothareascoordinatetheexternalmaintenanceoperationsfortheMSB.Theyensuretheimplementationoforderspertainingtobothparticularareas.Thisbranchalsoplansandsupervisesallbattalionrepairpartssupportmatters.Itspecificallysupervisesthereceipt,storage,andissueof repairpartsbytheMSB.

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HEADQUARTERS DETACHMENTTheheadquartersdetachmentprovidesforbillet

ing, discipline, security, and training. It alsoprovidesadministrationofpersonnelassignedto theHHD.Thedetachmentistypicallystaffedwithadetachmentcommanderandadetachmentsergeant.

Ithasadetachmentsupplysergeant,afoodservicesergeant, and an armorer. The S1 serves as thedetachmentcommander.Allotherpositionsintheheadquartersdetachmentareadditionaldutyassignments forotherpersonnelin thebattalionheadquarters.

Functionsofthedetachmentconsistofthefollowing:

EnsuresHHDlogisticssupportisprovided.Performs route reconnaissance.Ensuresloadplansaremaintained.Organizesunitformovementandissuemove

mentorderstoHHDpersonnel.Provides C2 of HHD in response to air orground attack.EstablishescommunicationswithLP/OPs.CoordinateswiththeS2/S3onthequarteringparty.

UNIT MINISTRY TEAMTheunitministryteamprovidesreligioussupport.

TheUMTconsistsofthechaplainandchaplainassistant. The team in coordination with theDISCOM’schaplainprovidesreligioussupporttotheMSBandthroughouttheDSA.Religioussup

portconsistsofrites,sacraments,ordinances,services, and pastoral care. More information onreligioussupportisfoundinFM16-5.

Thecommanderisresponsibleforthereligiousprograminhisunit.TheUMTimplementsthecommandreligiousprogrambyproviding—

Inputtothepersonnelestimateestablishingreligious supportpriorities.Pastoral care.Counseling.Worshipservices.Memorialandfuneralservices.

Otherstafffunctionsthechaplainperformsare–Morale and religious update to the commander.Ethicalissuesupdatetothecommander.Staffinputto thebattalionplansandorders.

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CHAPTER5

Supply and Service Company

ORGANIZATION AND MISSION

TheS&ScompanyoftheMSBprovidesreceipt,storage,andissueofclassI,II,III,IVandVII(less

classV)supplies.Thecompanyalsooperatesasalvagepoint.Thecompanyprovidesunitmaintenanceforitsorganicequipment.Italsoprovideswaterpurificationandsupplypointsandlimitedpotablewaterdistributionthroughoutthedivisionarea.

The company consists of a company headquarters,asupplyplatoon,apetroleumstorageanddistributionplatoon,aclassIandwaterplatoon,andamaintenancesection.Whenaugmented,thecompanyhasaGRREGplatoon,CEBplatoon,andanaridenvironmentwatersection.ThecompanyisorganizedasshowninFigure5-1.

Thecompanyperformsthefollowingfunctions:Receives,temporarily stores,and issuesclassI,II,packagedIII,IVandVIIsuppliesonadaily basis.Thiscompanydoesnotreceive,store,orissueclassifiedmaps,aircraft,airdropequipment,COMSEC,orconstructionmaterials.

Stores,issuesanddistributesbulkpetroleumusingorganicfueltransportersandthe fuelsys

temsupplypoint.Operatesuptofivewaterpurificationand

supply points in the division and brigadesupport areas. Water distribution will bedone by supply point distribution from adesignated water point.Operatesmobileroadsidefillingstationstorefuelvehicles.Operatesupto twoforwardrefuelingsitesforareadisbursementofbulkpetroleum.ProvidesasalvagecollectionpointforalltypesofsuppliesexceptCOMSECandmedicalsup

plies, toxic agents, radioactive materials,vehicles, aircraft, ammunition, and explosives.OperatessupplydistributionpointsintheDSAandprovidessupplysupporttotheforwardsupport battalions.

SUPPLY SYSTEMSUPPLY PLANNING

TheS&Scompanycommander,workingwiththe thesupplyrequirementsofunitsintheDSAand

supportoperationssection,focuseshisattentiononroutinesupplytoFSBs.TheS&Scompanycommanderalsopreparesforreinforcingdirectsupport

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missionsthattheDISCOMcommandermaydirectinsupportofanyFSBsupplycompany.Inadditiontofollowingtheprioritiesestablishedbythecommander,thefollowingare factorsthataffectrequirements:

Tactical plans.

Environment and terrain.Demanddataandpreviousexperience.Troop strength.Equipment densities.Distancefactors.

Supp

1990 US Army Main Support Battalion 152p

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