FOREST INSECT AND DISEASE SURVEY

BRITISH COLUMBIA

1965

PRINCE RUPERT FOREST DISTRICT

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FOREST INSECT AND DISEASE SURVEY

PRINCE RUPERT FOREST DISTRICT

1965

D. H. Ruppel

INTRODUCTION

Personnel involved in the survey of the Prince Rupert Fore~t

District, including some ch~ngee from the previous year due to rotationand re-assignment9 were 18 followS8 Do H. Ruppel replnced E. G. Herveyin West Prince Rupert. A. K. JRrdine reMained in E.,st Prince Rupert anda limited survey in South Prince Rupert Yo1:IS IMde by D. S. Ruth and J. S.Monts.

Aircraft were used more liberally in sreas not accessible byroad. Rangers collaborated on several projects snd were assisted byoth~r Departmental personnel and the B. C. Forest Service on spruce beetleand balsam mortality surveys. Several extensions in the known rsnge ofbalsam mortRlity caused~ at least in part, by a beetle-disease complex werefound but the rate of mortality 1r.'l.S gener'3lly lowero The status of thiscondition is reported jointly for Prince Rupert Forest District at the endof this introduotiono

Spruce bark beetles deolined but reMain a h~zardo This insect isalso jointly discussed in the main introductiono

Mountain pine beetle damAge decreased e~st of Babine ~keo Somecurrent mortality occurred ::It KitlV8ngao

Green-striped forest looper popul~tions were very low but eom~

tree mortality occurred in the outbreak area on the Queen Charlotte Islands o

Spruce tip moths were common in South and East Prince Rupert butdamage was light o Sitka spruce regener~tion on the Queen Charlotte IslandsWl"lS found recovering from sevenl yenrs of injury by shoot feeders 0

Severe damage to white spruce regenersHOIl by Engelmann spruceweevils was noted Along the Morice west Forest Dev~lopment Roado

The Cooley spruce gall aphid was prevalent on Douglas-fir regen­eration in the Saloomt River valley.

Spruce budworm, black-headed budworm and western hemlock looperwere all at or nel'lr endemic levels.

Of several pests of deciduous hosts, forest tent caterpillArpopulations in E~st Prince Rupert collapseds aspen leaf miner was activein esstern sress but progressively decreased to the west and willow leafminers were epidemic in the Bella Coola Valleyo

UnuSUAlly low winter temperl3tures accompmied by winds d6m~ged

western red ced6r Along Del;! n Channel 0

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Spruce Beetle, ~ndroctonU6 obr~us (M~nn.)

D. H. Ruppel ~nd A. K. J1rdine

INTRODUCTION

Aerbl eurveys in AUf'uat !n'lic..,tod reduced d"lTlnge by spruceheetlt'\8 in e'lstern ~rl"''''B of the Princfl Ru~rt f'orest District.Ground surveya ~f 10 solectnd nrl"'''S by Cnnqd'"' Forestry nersonnelflBslr-ted by British Col\ll'\bh For"st Snrvice personn!"l in Septemberconri~ed the reduction of tho infeat ... tion but rcv~11ed R continuingh"z'1rd in Ii few nre"s.

B'11snm mort,lity encountered on thn survey 1s de~lt with undersep-'1r,te he"dln~.

t!ETHODS

Are'1s mqppcd from the nir in lrte Aur,ust 1965 coincided,~Prroxlm~tely, with those of 1964. In ~ddition, ob~~rv.. tions ~re m"de~long the upper Nqss nnd Bell-Irving rivers in the course of routine surveyrli~hts. Th~ inr~"t~tion r"tings used for ~eri~l clrssifio~tion ~~re thes~~e ~5 1964, i.r. light- frCM 1 to 5~ of stems ~tt-cked; mcdiu~- 6 to 3~

of ste~s ~tt~ckedj h~~vy- over 3~ of stems ~tt~cked.

Ton ground strips vlere run in Sontemb6r and spruce tr6es over~evon inches in diamrter v~re t~llied in two-inch di~-cter clqsBeB underthe follo~1n~ cnterories: green hc~lthy (i.e. no beetle nttnck) green"tt1cked (Ln. current "tt~ck) p~rti"l .,ttl-lck 1')64, dMd ~ttacked 1954 <mdde"d ~t>t~cked 1963 or c'l.rlif'r. VelUIfI!') figures of sprucc .. fff)cted .....ere prf'!sent­ed in the 1964 spruce bretlc report. No velunr- figures nrc included in thisreport 15 10 strips over widely sc~ttcred "rcns wore not sufficient forthis PJ.rpone.

RESULTS

Spruce bMtll'l d<1ll1nrre obsprved in 1965 is r:hovm on M"ps 1, 2~nd J. D~t'l. from strips chosen ns likely to oont~in ourrent ~tt~oks "reshown in Table 1. Of 4,285 trees on the strips only o.6~ ~re att~ckedin 1965 1)8 compared with 2.9"< in 1964. I,hny of these wl')re partial attAckswhich CAnnot be tl-lilied <1S such until their effect on the tree is 8pf"3rentthe ye"r following ntt~ck. New windf~lls ~~re found to be "bout 30~

infented and those beetles rrob~hly repr~sent B ~eater h?z~rd than theporul~tions in st~ndir.g trees sinoe they ~re not exposed to extremetem~r~ture vp.ri~tlons ~nd pr~d~tion by wood~ckers.

The numbers of spruce beetle adults nnd l"rv.. e in trap logs 1reshown in T~ble 2. No b~etles Y~re ~ttr~cted ~t Snithcre Lpnding in 1965althoug'"o attncks v:pre found on st~nding trees I'lt nNl.rby ClVlpm<m Lake andadjnocnt 1reas. Trap tr~es At Tnlt'pin Lake and Morice Access Road, bothchronio ~re~s, attr1cted less bpetles than in 1964. VArlntions in ther<>Uo: of '1dults and l"rv'1e probnbly reflect differences in clim1ticconditione.

DISCUSSIOfl AND CONCLUSIONS

The inrrst~tion of spruce beetles hns declined to a low levelbut sever<Jl h"znrdous situ~tiorn remain. Increr sed blo\\Oown will providee beetle breedinR site for sever1l yerrs. Hp~vi~"t blowdown encounteredwas on the strips ~t Bint1, C~-pm1n nnd Goosely l"kes. S"nitntion relntedto logginp oppr~tions is a continuin~ problem. Snlv"ge cuttinR in moreseverely d~m"ged ,rp"s will decrense losses if promptly Initi~ted.

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Table 1

Percentage Spruce Treee AttAcked by Spruce Beetles,

Prince Rupert Forest Distriot g 1965

Total no. Att~cked Pp.rtial Dead Dead New windfAlll!l (No.)Location Region treee 1965 1964 1964 196) attacked not attacked

Binta Lake 60 409 0 0 0.2 4.4 2 4E"l st Parrot 1P ke 1.014 0.3 1.6 0.3 5.7 0 0

Total 1,423 0.2 1.1 0.3 5.3 2 4

Burdick Cro 65 211 2.8 1.4 0.9 21.9 0 0McDonnell Lake 421 1.2 2.4 0 6.9 1 4

Total 632 1.8 2.1 0.3 11.9 1 4

Sunnyside(Babine Lake) 66 98 2.0 0 0 5.1 0 0w. Helene Lake 505 0.2 11.3 0 10.1 0 0Chapnan Lake 569 0.4 3.5 0.2 7.2 5 2Cronin Mine Road 129 0 0 0 10.1 0 0

Total 1,301 0.4 5.9 0.1 8.5 5 2

Erickson L9.ke 67 305 1.0 3.6 0 10.8 0 2Goo:se 1y La ke 624 0.3 0 0 11.2 4 13

Total 929 O. < 1.2 0 11.1 4 15

GRAND TOTAL 4,285 0.6 2.7 0.2 8.5 12 25

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Spruce Beetle Development in Logs,

Prlnee Rupert Forest District

Podtlon of TotAl no. Per cent living insectsLocation log of insects Adults UlrVR8

1964 1965 1964 1965 1964 1965

Open 853 :ll 9.4 90.6Smithers L~ndlng Sh·d. 471 17.8 82.2

Taltapin Iske Open 214 <5 43.4 90.9 56.6 9.1Sh"de 409 31 3<.2 90.3 64.8 9.7

Ilorlce Open 305 50 32.8 22.0 67.2 78.0Access Ro.. d S"''lde 343 76 16.3 8.0 83.792.0

TotRla 2,595 212 21.5 52.0 78.5 47.2

J! Not Rtt·ok.d

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Balsam Mortality C"'u,ea by the Dryoeetes..ceratocystis Compler.

D. H. Ruppel and A. K. Jardine

INTRODOOTIOO

Balsam mortAlity wae reeorded again in 1965 in oonjunction withthe spruce beetle survey but the time allotted to the survey wae reducedfrom 1964. Current d~mAge to b~leam stAnds appeared to be eomeWhet reduced.In addition to preViously known infested Arens it was noted during,s regularsurvey flight th~t b"'lsam mortality ~e quite extensive along the Bell­Irving River, tributary of the Neee River.

Sever'll long term study ploh And cruise strips were estab­lished by a epeclal crew to obtain information on b~lsam mortality in thePrince Rupert District '38 pqrt of a det"11ed 8tudy of t}'!e problem.

METHODS

Observ tions mAde during the aerial survey in lete AugJst weremapped ee previouely using the following inten~ity clll~!:e~ll Light - from 1to ~ of ~tems dead; Medium - from 6 to 30( of ~tem~ dead; He~vy - over 30%of stems dead. Areas and volumes were not CAlculated for this report as thenumber of comparative ground stripe, 'l'i"'S small. Eight of the 10 ground stripe.nm contained sufficient balsam for inclusion in 8 mortality table. B~lsam

were tabul"ted I3S in previous reports; green, P,I'een ettr:lcked, dead red-topped,etc.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Current mortality of balsam generally pppeared to be somewhatreduced. Fresh att~ck8 were found on seven of eight strips (Table 3). It isnot presently known what percentage of freshly Rttacked trees may die. Currentmortality VAried between and within ~rea8o

Areas shown on Maps 1, 2 ~nd 3 (in conjunction with spruce beetleinfested ~rea8) will complement maps shown in the 1964 report. A lnrge areain the northwest portion of the District ~s added to the known Infe~tat1on.

Probable future lo~ee:s are not at pre~ent predictable and willbe influenced considerably by we~ther and other environmental f~ctors.

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Summary of Balsam Mortality Ground Sllrvey Data,

Prince Rupert Fore~t District, 1965

Looationof 8trlp

Region Compart- No. ofmeot trees

~ greenattack

%treesdead

E. Parrot Lake 60 134 550 14.6 19.9

Burdick Creek 65 46 106 0 28.3

MeDenne11 Lake 65 17 N 342 16.1 2.3

Sunnyside (B~blne t.) 66 50 195 2.6 13.3

Belene !.eke 66 10 703 17.8 28.7

Ch"pn~m lAke 66 48 368 9.2 21,2

Cronin Mine Ro~d 66 48 257 10.1 35·0

Erlckeon Lake 67 4 348 23.3 20.1

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MAP I

SPRUCE BEETLE INFESTATIONS

AND BALSAM MORTALITY

PRINCE RUPERT FOREST DISTRICT

September, 1965

SPRUCE ~ LIGHT - LSPRUCE-BALSAM ~ MEOI...IA -MBAL.SAN _ I£AVY -H8Al..SAM-SPFIlJC( c:::::;)

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FrnEST INSECT AND DISEASE SURVEY

SOUTH PRINCE RUPERT DISTRICT

1965

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FOREST INSECT AND DISEASE SURVEY

SOUTH PRINCE RUPERT DISTRICT

1965

D.S. Ruth and J.5. Monts

INTRODUCTION

The 1965 Forest Insect And Dise~se Survey of the

District w!\s c"rried out between July 7th ,.nd July 20th. A float-equipped

plane was used along theCO!lst and a vehicle W'lS used to cover the Bella

Cools valley.

A cool spring prevailed throughout most of the district,

followed by the wermest summer sinee 196L

A totnl of 14~ forest insect and 16 forest disease

collections were submitted to the Victoria Laborptoryo Insect and diBe~se

collections by hosts pre shown in t~ble I ~nd the loc~tions of these

collections are shown on Map I •

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TAble I

Collections by Hosts

South Prince Rupert District 1965

Coniferous hosts Forest Forest Forest Forestinsecta d18Ms" Bro"d-lMved hosts insects diseases

Cedar, western red 16 1 Alder, red 5Cedar, yellow 2 Bireh,western white 5Dougl•• fir 12 3 Cottonwood, blEak 2 1Fir, alpine 1 MIlo", spp. 5Fir, emabilis 5 Mlsoelleneou15 2 2Hemlock, liestern 44 4Hemlook. mountain 1Pine, 100 gepole 7 1Pine, whitebark 1 1Spr-uee, Sitka 37 2lew, western 1

Total 126 13 19

Gr~m:l tote 1 145 16

FOREST INSECT CONDITIONS

Important Insects

Green-striped Forest Looper, MelanolQph1a imlt~ta 11k.

The vreen-striped forest looper populAtions increased slightlyin 1965. Fourteen larv~e were collected from nine samples 1n 1965 eomPAred tofive 1~rv8e from two samples in the previous ye~r.

Spruce Budwo:r.a, Choristoneura fumiferan9. (Clem.)

The popul~tlon level of spruce bud.arm in the District re~ained

low in 1965. Six l~rvl'le were collected from one sample IDf!de on Sitka Spruce1/4 mile South of Kitlmat wharf. As in previous yMrs, collections were m"deafter the pelJ.k lJIrv1'll period.

Willow Leaf Miner, Lithocolletis sslioifoliella Ch~m.

Willow treel!!l in the Bella Coola valley were I3gain infested bythe willow leef miner. The heqYiest infest~tion occmrred between FirV,.1e andStuie, a distance of 17 miles. The incidence or infested willow treel!!l rangedfraM 95 to 100 per cent within this Are p • Fal1nge stt~ck8 at other loc~tion8

in the v,.lley vnried trom 0 to 40 per cent.

"stern Hemlock Looper, lAmbdln"l fiscelhria lugubross (Hlst.)

There was a noticeable inoreflse in populAtion levels of thehemlock looper this year. A ml'1jority of the larvae were tAken from drainl3ge082. A totltl of JJ lPrWle was collected in the Bella Cools valley and SouthBentinck An arMS. Samples were t"\ken from western hemlock, western red cedar,DouglAs-fir, SitkA spruce and &Dahills fir ..

- 52 -other Noteworthy Insects

Insect Host Number ofCollections Remarks

Acleris y;riaga (Fern.) H 1 Very low popul .. tion level.

Neod,iwion l!Ipp. H,C,S,F,28B, PI, Bi o

Common in most collections,largest contained 131 larvae.

Ectropis crepuscul"rla H, CSchiff.

ZeiI"Rphera spp.

Neophae!a menapiaF. & F.

S, D

F

5

4

1

6 1~rv8e collected.

8 l~rv~e from 4 collections.First collection in past 2,ears.

4 l~rvae collected. Very lowlevel.

Adelges cooleyi (Gill.) F

Nyetobis l1tt1itAria nk. H J B, F,S, C

1

14

He~vy .,tt5ck in ~loomt valley,light ~lse~ere.

Found in all drain9.ges but insmall numbers.

OrQia antiqua~(Hy. Ed•• )

Pikoneme dimmoek:11Cress.

S, H

S

3

8

Found only in drai~go 083.5 Iprv~e collected.

Found in all dralnl'lges in slI1allnumbers. Collections Aver~ged

2.9 l~rvae eaoh.

Pissodee sitchenl!l!e Hopko S

FOREST DISE'SE CONDITIONS

Light damage noted in BellaCools valley.

None of the dise~ses collected in South Prince Rupert Districtwere known to cause serious dqm~ge to heelthy trees. A total of 16 dlleaaecollections were m~de in the District, six of which h,ve not yet been identified.Collections ~re listed under other noteworthy dlse~ses~

Important Dise~se8

Climatic Injury

western red cedp.r trees in the De9n Channel and King Islandareae were ~ffected by winter froat injury. Depending on expoeure$ from20 to 75( of the foll~ge h~d turned brown. Below zero tempereturee and highwinds experienced in these are"'s l~8t winter m~y howe caused this foli"ge 10s8.

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other Noteworthy Diseases

Host OrgElnism Locality Remarkl!l

Hemlock, western pimeroBpOrlumtsuga e Dea rn 0

Thorsen Crop Common infection oausingstu!e, Gardner sooty mold on needles.FoundCanalo in .3 collectioD15

Douglas-fir RetlDocyelus sppo Snootley Creek. A common resin fungus 0

DasysoyphuB sppo Kishkosh Inlet Causes a resinous canker g

found in 2 collections.

Yorest Disea88 ,.

....

.......

_.II. •• • •

DAAINAGE. OMSi~ 000

•oeo

SQUTl-< PRJNCE RUPERT

DISTRICT

•rorest Inseot

!lAP I

ODe or lIore oollections

LoeBtieD of points where

taken in 1965.

1I8n made and :f"1eld recorde

FOREST INSD::T !NIl DISEASE SURVEY

WEST PRINCE RUPERT DISTRICT

1965

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FOREST INSECT \ND DISE~SE SURVEY

WEST PRINCE RUPERT DISTRICT

D. H. Ruppel

DlTRODUCTION

The field l!ea ~on in the Dhtrlct extended from e"'r ly M",,:r tol.!te September.

Spec!nl ~urveys, including spruce beetle and green-stripedforest looper mortality and others were e~rried out in ~ddltlon to thenormal insect end d13e~se survey.

We.,ther conditions were eh<>ra.cterized by I'l cool springg tollowedby • warm dry summer.

A total of J6J forest insect and 14 forest disease collectionswes made during the ssason o Table 1 lists collections by hoet And Maps 1And 2 Indlc~te locqtione ~here one or more collections and field recordswere made.

Some periodically importqnt insect peste h:lve been aaittedfrom the text of the report but included in t"'e list of '"Other Notewort~

Ine8ct80 "

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Table J..

Colleotions by Hosts

West Prince Rupert Dbtriot, 1965

Coniferous hostsForestin~ecte

Foree,.riiseeees Br~d-l~~ved hosts

ForestInl!58cts

Forestdieea8es

Cedar} we stern red 33Cedar, yellow 1Ced~r epa 1Dougl~e-fir 1Fir, /'llpine 16Fir, amabille 24Fir, b~18am 1He",lock, western 168Pine, lodgepole 13Pine, shore JSpruce, Sitka 66Spruce, white 12

Alder, rod 2Alder 9 op. 1Aspen, trembling J

1 Birch, white 2J Cherry, domestic 1

Cottonwood, blaok 2Willow I!Ippo 11

J 1I1scel1<lneoue hosta; J 11

4

Totllla JJ9 12 TotalsGI'And Tote.ls

24363

214

FOREST INSECT CONDITIONS

Balsam Mort'J.lity C~ueed by the Drroooetes...cer"tooyetie Complex

B81ea~ mortality ~e discussed in the introduction to thePrine. Rupert Forest District eection of the reportc Several extensions inknown r~nge were obl!l~rvedo Current mortality ~I!l noted ne~r Mill Creek w.etot Kitwanga and exten~ive d-~pg. extended along the Bell-Irving River.

Spruoe Beetle~ Dendroctopge ob~sua (M~nn.)

Spruce beetle activity 1m ~ discue~ed in the introduction to thePrince Rupert District section of the report. I)t'J"'sge to spruce in the WestPrince Rupert District Fe light.

Green-striped Fares Looper Melanolophia 1mit~t8 Wlk.

Green-striped forest looper populrtions in the District declinedto ,. very low level in lq65. No 1.,rv8e were found in the recent outbreak areaeon the Queen Charlotte Islands (Tabl. 2).

Seven et.udy plate established on the Charlottes to obtain dptaon tree d"T'1"lge resulting from the 196>64 looper outbreak were examined in 1965(Table J). Figures apply to western red oedt'lr and western hemlock. Sitkaspruce and lodgepole pine were omitted ae they sustained little feeding andformed a minor part of the etand8 involved.

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Top-kill ~nd ~ort~lity ~re hnnvy in rIot 1 but T.ere quite I1phtin the remaining plot.s. Ibny intUvirlu.,l trc"s in plot 1 h~d been loa,( defol-i.,ted and some of thor'! t,l"t'o still living. A nllmher of h(>"vily nefol1'ltodtrees, ~rticulnrly ced.,r l put out '\dvontitlOU3 growth nlonp, the nnin stem butthis recovery ""8 J)'lrtiA11y nefP"ted by unusu'llly l'."m, dry we... ther during l"tesummer. The folinge c~ple~ent improved on tre~S on nIl the plots qS indicntedunrler the hending " nefol1ntion ~" 1n the t~ble. Defoli.,tion T.1B not recordedon plot 7 CIS tree recovery w.,s "oed nl'd meaningful e::;tim~te~ l',Y>re difficult todetemine.

Green-striped forp~t loopers are expected to remain at 8 lowlevel 1n 1966. rn....,ge from the 1963-64 outhre'\k will prohnbly cause furthertree mortality and top-kill, Jrrticularly if the SUMmer ,~~ther is ~rmer

and drier than norm~l for ~nother ye~r or two.

T''lble 2

S=ry of Creenwatri~d Forest Looper Col1~ctions by Drain~ge Divisions,

""st Prince Rupert District

Dl"l'in"ge Number of samples ." s'lmples Aver"'gs nUJl'lberdivision t"lken during contl\:l1 ing of l~rvl'le

brvnl period 1~rv"le rer S'l.lT\ple1993 1994 1965 1963 1964 12/>5 1963 1964 12/>5

100 43 27 24 16.3 3.7 0 3.4 1.0101 30 31 J;I <3.3 29.0 0 18·5 133.7102 1.4 1.4 9 42.9 64.3 11.1 8.2 3.0 1.0103 22 7 20 27.3 0 0 4.5104 4 5 12 25·0 0 0 3.0105 9 8 9 44.4 37.5 22.2 3.5 1.7 1.0106 32 43 15 6.3 7.0 6.7 5.5 1.7 3.5

Total 154 135 131 27.3 18.::; 3.1 10.1 49.6 1.6

T~ble J

Oculllr Estim,te by Crown Cl~sses of Dofoli.,tion, Top-kill, 1nd Mort~lity C~used

by Green-striped Forest Looper, Queen Chgrlotte Islands

Crown Tree No. Defoli'ltion ~ Top-"iU"'d /6c; DtI'l d.-&.s. OtherPlot cl"es sp. trees 1~6J 1964 196'i no. :w. ft. insf'cts

1 D C 34 98 98 91 6 1.4.1 18 0H 27 91 91 PI 12 15.7 3 0

Port CD C 18 98 98 93 4 <.0 9 0Cle'llenta, H 16 94 97 89 6 16.6 4 0West end I C 23 'TI 'TI 93 3 7.3 9 0

of R 15 86 90 83 4 8.0 1 0Lot 1828 S C 33 88 92 90 3 6.0 10 0

II 18 74 8< 78 1 5.0 0 0

Tot'J ls IP4 92 94 86 39 J1.9 54 0

- - =-----"""- ._._- - .~ -

- 57 -Table 3- Contido

Too-killed /65 Dead !6~ otherCrolm Tree No. DefoliAtion ?iPlot class ep. trees 1963 1964 1965 no. BV. ft. insects

2 D 0 0Port H 15 25 6C 44 3 8.0 0 0Clements, OD C 1 25 63 63 0 0 0U:<>sset H 17 17 51 37 2 5.0 0 0M. I 0 0 0 0 - - -Lot 412 H 12 12 39 25 0 0 0

5 0 4 10 46 33 0 0 0H 7 7 43 30 0

Tote Is 56 17 50 36 5 6.8 0 0

3 D 0 11 53 49 41 0 0 0H 7 35 57 52 2 15.5 0 0

Lot OD 0 2 46 55 50 0 0 0424 H 9 50 69 57 3 5·4 0 0

I 0 1 33 30 25 0 0 0H 7 51 55 50 1 7.0 0 0

5 C 1 50 <0 45 0 0 0H 25 36 47 45 4 12.5 1 1

Totals 63 46 <3 47 10 10.5 1 1

- 2

D 0 4 37 37 21 0 0 0H 0

CD C 5 54 57 42 0 0 0Lot H 8 46 51 34 0 e 0

404 I 0 4 46 42 35 0 0 0H 42 42 45 32 0 0 0

5 0 1 50 75 46 0 0 0H 19 38 48 J6 0 0 0

Totpls 83 42 47 33 0 0 0

5 D 0 3 38 37 28 0 0 0Port H 1 ~o 40 32 0 0 0Clements$! OD 0 6 53 46 38 0 0 O·East end H 7 46 43 36 0 0 0of Lot I 0 13 48 45 36 0 0 01828 H 45 36 39 38 1 8.0 1 1

5 0 4 34 40 31 0 0 0H 25 29 34 31 0 0 1

Tot~18 104 38 39 35 1 8.0 1 2

• .c:;8 .

T~ble 3- Cont'da

Crown Tree No. DefoU.. tion < Top-killed /65 De"d/65 otherPlot class sp. trees 1963 1964 1965 no. ,,",v. ft insects

6 D C 7 60 30 21 0 0 0East or H 5 47 30 13 0JCumdis OD 0 0Or. H 17 41 29 18 0 0 0Lot I 0 6 53 36 29 0 0 0405 H 28 38 32 20 0 0 0

S 0 0H 29 28 23 17 0 0 1

Totals 92 40 29 18 0 0 1

7 D 0 14 31 26 0 0 0Sooth H 13 30 16 0 0 0end of CD 0 13 28 26 0 0 0."'yer H 10 34 2~ 0 1 0lake I C 20 28 29 4 5.8 0 0

H 5 20 23 1 8.0 0 0S 0 12 19 24 2 3.5 0 0

H 4 18 25 0 0 1

Tot'lls 91 28 25 7 ~.5 1 1

Saddle-bpcked Looppr, Ectrop1s crepuscularia (Schiffa)

There "'s only one s"ddle-b~cked looper l"'rva found 1n theDistrict in 1965a None 'M3re found At Kit1mat 'lihere trees were still dying asa result of heAvy defoli~tlon by this looper from 19.c:;9 to 1961g followed byspruce budworm ,.od b9.lsam bArk beetle ptt"'ckS a Table 4 shows the cumulAtivemort~lity in the study plots in this aree a

Some s"llv"ge logging has been done in the Kit1mst Area andfurther extensive cutting is anticip'''teda Yort"llity may be expected to con­tinue in damaged stAnds if he~vily Att"lcked treeS are not hqrvesteda Manyremaining trees have a poor complel"ent of fol1f!ge snd will probably re-ectunfavorably to stand openings caused by the tree mortality.. Deteriorationof depd trees is being acceler .. ted by flat-h~aded borers and ambrosia beetles a

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Tnble 4

Cumulative Tree Mort'!lity in Saddle-bpcked Looper Plots, KltimatS'

West Prince Rupert District

Tree No. of DeRd trees to d~te

Location speoiee trees 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965

FUm. plot 2 H 22 8 16 19 19 19 19Anderson Creek B 31 8 25 27 30 31 31

C 8 1 3 3 3 J 4

Total 61 17 44 49 52 53 54

Fum. plot 3 H 122 9 48 50 54 61 67Sandhill B 13 0 5 7 12 12 12

C 1 0 1 1 1 1 1PI 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total 137 9 54 58 67 74 80

F\mle plot 4 H 10 0 1 1 1 2 2N. llit1J!lat B 20 1 1 2 3 4 7

Totel 30 1 2 4 6 9

Morta11ty Plot 1 H 29 0 16 18 29 29 29Sandhill B 4 0 4 4 4 4 4

Total 33 0 20 22 33 33 33

Mortn lity Plot 2 H 30 0 14 16 19 21 21Sandhill B 17 0 3 15 16 16 16

C 3 0 1 1 1 1 1

Tot,.,l 50 0 18 32 36 38 38

GRAND TurAL 311 27 138 164 192 204 214

- 60 -

Mountain Pine Beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopk.

Mountain pine beetles killed lodgepole pines in sc~ttered groupsbetween Burdick Creek and KitW"'Dgg River "bout five miles northeast of Kit1l8nga.Ground examinations, follOwed by an aeriql survey, disclosed about 8~O red­topped pines, mostly in Region 65, Ccmportment 42. Trees rAnged in size from8 - 14 dbh end 60 - 90 in height.

The 1965 8tt~ck, if any, h~d not cqused any discernible dis­color~tlon when the ~re~ ~5 flown in mid-August.

SJn"uce TermiD!l.l Imn~ge

Terminal dl3lTlBge by Zeiraphera sp. Rh~W.ophaga sp., andEpinotia sp. to Sitka spruce on the Queen Charlotte Islands continued at 8

reduced rate in 1965 on plots at Sandspit "nd East N"rrows. Plots at SkidegateL.,ke and Upude Island were not exanined in 1965 but d"l"'<l.ge qppe"red ,qt 8.

reduced level in 1964.

The recovery over the past 10 yesrs of le~der-damaged Sitk~ spruceon four study plots indic.,ted th'lt very little permanent d"m~ge results fromthe injury (Table 5). Only 28 of 224 sample trees 8sc'"'ped le"'lder da.Dl!lge duringa t:eriod of approxim"ltely 10 years. Eight trees on Plot 2 had superficial stemdeformities which will probably not ,ffect their future merchantable value, 74trees were currently da~Bged when L~st exa~ined, and l~O h'"'d outgrown the dam"lge.Lost or very b"dly defoI'l'll.ed leeders were rephced by "'dventitious leAders, oftenmultiple, but 8 single leader tended to t9ke over. The full effect on treeheights was not established but height growth 1'rn.S fairly pood.

Injury to le'lders had been at a low level in 1964 in Plots 3aDd 4 ~nd there was a further decre~se in dam~ge in 1965 in the other two plots.Feeding lIIOS evident on branch tips in the lower crown of trees in Plot 2,Sandsp1t. If the insects continue to feed at lower crown levels 1n the stands,8S appears to be the CRse, dame e to leqders will prob8bly continue to decline8S tree heights lncre'lse.

Table 5

Not D~mqged during Presently Presently recoveredTotal d8fll"!ged period drtm.. ged or und<;mClged

SummAry of Sitka Spruce Trees with Lender InsectD~~ge and Recovery for t~e PAst Ten Ye~rs,

Queen Chqrlotte Islands Plots, rest Prince Rupert, 1965Plotno.l/1234

58774049

17 41 33 74 426 34 92 47 20

5' .v353129

Total 224 28 196 74 1<0

l! Plot loc<>tlons1. E"Ist N'"'rrows2. Sandsp1t

3. Skidegete Lake4. M~ude Island

3/ Eight trees with moder3tely deformed stems will prob~bly recover merchantablefoI'l'll..

- 61 -

Spruce Budworm~ Chorlstoneura fumiferana (Clem.)

The spruoe budwarm deolined to a low populption level through­out the District (Table 6). The only larv~e found were at Kitimat, east ofTerraoe and on Graham Island. Little chQnge is expected in the status ofthis insect in 1966.

Table 6

Summary of Spruce Budworm Collections by Drainage Divislons~

West Prince Rupert District

Dralm.ge Number of samples « samples Average numberdivision taken during containing of larvae

larval periO<! 1,rvAe per sample1963 1964 1°65 1963 1964 1%5 1963 1964 1965

100 43 26 22 2.3 0 0 l.0101 31 29 21 3.2 3.4 4.B l.0 1.0 l.0102 24 2B 20 B7.5 39.3 15.0 46.0 12.3 l.0103 15 14 12 0 14.3 0 2.0104 32 30 10 37.5 10.0 0 7.7 l.0105 24 35 33 12.5 0 3.0 1.0 1.0106 16 39 21 12·5 2.6 0 2.0 1.0

Total lB5 201 139 21.6 9.0 3.6 26.7 B.O l.0•

Aspen tell! ldiner~ PhYllocnistis pOPUllella (Chamb. )

Aspen leaf miners continued to damage aspen foliage in theDistrict. Current dAmage on plots ~s medium ~t Ced~rvAleD he&vy at Oliver

Creek and light at Terrace and Beam St~tion Road (TAble 7). EmergencB of moths pas Indicpted in sample plots» suggested low 1966 popul~tion8 in the westernplots and high popullttione in the eastern plots"

Parasitism of the aspen Ie"! miner was hiph at Terrace and Beamstation Road and below qverage at Ced~rvale And Oliver Or" (Table 8)"

AccurAte forecasts of this insect ~re difficult AS weAther playsan important part in their popull'\tion fluctuatlonsg The Infest'ltlon willprob':lbly continue in 1966

62-

Tl>ble 7

Aspen Le~f Surff1cee Mined and Number of Adults

Produced per 100 IPsf Surf~ces~ nest Prince Rupert District

Plot Total no. Percenbge of leaf No. I'ldults per 100 jJloclltlon of ~l".a,,-v;.;.,",~--.,.=:: ","'."ur'-'f"r"c"."'.'-"'m"'in"'."d"-;=-=- ,;;:l".<'""f'-;-;!.'7u"r..fa"'c"'.'".~--.,.==

1962 1963 1964 lC6< 1962 1963 1964 1965 1962 1963 1964 1965

CedJ'l rvale 673 563 624 390 91.2 40.8 16.1 65.0 34 14 10 55Oliv.r Cr.385 449 579 484 96.2 70.8 <5.8 81.7 33 2 5 58Terr"ce 488 490 636 4<4 97.9 70.9 93.2 38.9 49 18 45 7Bo'm stn. 455 525 669 645 73.6 2<.6 41.0 49.5 69 16 47 2Rd.

Aver.. ge 500 507 627 494 89.7 52.0 <1.5 64.0 46 12 27 30

i7The figures given in this section repl"ce t~ose published in previous ye"rs in

the corresponding t~ble 0

T.bl. 8

Mortality of Aspen Le~f Miner in 100 Coeoon Samples

at Four Loc~tlon8, west Prince Rupert District

Average 45.8 42.2 45.5 30.2 41.0 26.5 24.5 42.0 13.2 31.2 30.0 27.7

A Hemlock B"rk Beetle, Hylurgopg rnglpennis (Mann.)

During flights over the Queen Charlotte Islands in early Julylight but widespre,.d current western hemlock morhlity ~8 observed. Most ofthe traps appeRred to be mature or overmature and he~vily infe~ted with mistle­toe. Examinations at Skidegr>te L'!ke showed Hvlurgops rug1peJU11s to be presentin some dying trees. Beetles wpre recovered in sm~ll numbers near ground levelbut a number of trees hAd obvious resinosis on the stem in the up~r crown.There wes some indic~tion of dise~se lesions associ9ted with galleries in thecambium layer. The insect is generAlly considered to be secondary.

- 63

other Noteworthy Inseots

InseotNo. of 0011­

Hosts aotions Remarks

Aclerlswlriana (Fern.)

Caripetadivlsata Wlk o

Epirrlta8utumnata Harro

conifers

H, 5

B, Ba, H, So

1

15

11

Blpck-hsaded bud"arm defoliet0r. Verylow levelo Only l..~ of 104 collectionscontained an average of 100 larvaso

Grey spruce looper, defoli~tor,

low level, mRxo collection six larvae.

Defol1~torD mpxo collection sevenlarvae. Increase over last year.

Lambdina fis~ellaria

~gUbTosa (HulstlH lI S~ C 9Western hemlock looper, defoliator.Low populptlon level, 2.~ of 310 0011­ections contained an aver~ge of 106larvqsg mqx o two larvas.

Malacosomadlsst~a Hbn. A

Neodiprlon app. H, Ba, Pl,5, 5w

Forest tent caterp111~r$ defoliator.o Very low level, one or two oolonies seen.

22 Sawflies at a very low levelp maxocolleetion 30 larvae from western hemlock 0

NeomyzaphU.bi.tin. (Wlk.)

arma !l!.badia (Hy. Ed.)

Pikonemaalaskensis Roh 0

5

S ~ Sw

o

7

11

Spruce aphid" No notioeable damagein 1965.

Tussook moth defoliator" Seven coll­eotions mostly at Kitimat, maxocollection 18 lArv8eo

Yellow-hepded spruce s~wfly~ common.Max collection eight l~rvaeo

Pikoneml!dimmoek11 Cress" So SW

Sthenopiaquqdrigut~atus Grt o W

20

1

Green·heoded spruce s~wfly, common.MAX" collection 18 Iprvae.

A Iprge root-boring lepidoptera of thefamily HeplAlidae. LArvae boring inroots Rnd root crowns of native willowsat Terrnoe. LArvae seldom collected.

- 64 -

FOREST DIS"SE CONDITIONS

Importqnt Di8e~ses

A Diebaek of Dougl~s-flr, Solerophom~ sp.

A D1eb~ck of Douglns-fir caused by ScJerlphom~ sp. increasedin incidence and severity in plant~tions north of Terr~ee. The trees wereplanted in 1958 and at intervals since then. Records indicpte periodic he~vy

infestations of the Cooley spruce gall ~phid, Adelges cooler1 (Gill.) butthe aphid lle.S at a low populQtion l"'vel 1n 19650 There were light symptoms ofweather injury to Douglfls-flr and other plAnted trees in the Area. Diebackinfection in plots was as follows

IF 126 Sec. A - 10 of 50 semple trees heAvily infectedIF 126 Sec. B - .11 of 50 • • • •IF 128 - .11 of 50 • • • •IF 146 .. 50 trees very lightly infectedIF 160 .. 50 trees very lightly infectedIF 161 - 50 trees very lightly infectedIF 206 - 50 trees no symptoms foumIF 207 .. 50 trees no symptoms found

FIQod Damage Caused by Beavers, Castor sp.

Flood damage caused by C"Istor sp. h"\s become incre~singly evidentin much of the Prince Rupert Forest District including Graham Island.. Duringaerial surveys, p!'ltches of flood-killed trees from one half to sevel"l'll Rcresin extent were obse~ed. The areas incre~sed noticeably in the p~st few years.

B.. lS8Ill Mortality, Dryocoetes- Ceratocystis complex

The widespread mortality of balsam c ..used by the Dryocoetes­Cerstocvstis complex is reported in the introduction to the Prince RupertForest District report •

Exotic plantations

Eighteen exotic plant~tions were examined in the Terrace area(Table 9). A severe dieback condition of Douglas-fir plantings was includedin the previous sect:on. With the exception of Douglas-fir and assortedhybrid poplars, most exotic species were growing satisf"ctorily in 1965.

- 65 -

Tabla 9

Exotic Plantations Examined, West Prince Rupert District, 1965

If NQ. LocatiQn ReNtrks

123

124

Terrace

•

Nixed conifers $I

nursery

Mixed poplars,nursery

Very light weather injury but no other8111ptoms found

Heavy mortality but no signs found.

126 Sec A " Douglas-fir Heavy dleback, Selerophoma ap., see text.

126 Sec B " Dougll'ls-fir • • • "128,129 • Ulroh, European No symptoms found.

130

131

132

"••

Lrtreh, Japlmese

L~rch, hybrid

V'reh, European

•••

•••

""•

No symptoms fcurd 0

Dleb~ck, see XP 126

No symptoms found.

Dleback, Bee IF 126

.'

••

•

••

•

••

Douglas-fir

Poplp r, mixed

Douglas-fir

Spruce J "hite

Dongla a-fir

DouglAs-fir"•

••

•

•

•133

145

146

147

160

161

206

207 • DouglAs-fir • • •• lerch, Japanese • • •

- 66 -

Other Noteworthy Diseases

Host

Fir,alpine

Hemlock,western

SpruceSitka

Or~nism

Delphinellabals,me.e (Waterm.)

Stilbum sp.

BotryosphAeriaplease Funk

LOOf'lity

Meziadin andBowser 1akes

PrinceRupert

QueenCharlotteISMnda pndTerrnce

Remarks

Tip blight, severe onlower crowns ofocc~slonal living trees.New record

Associ~ted with theresinosis on a branchlesion.

Twig ell nkar.Collected by E.G. Harvey.

SpruceSitka

LophodermiumpleMa (Fckl.)Hahn. andLophodermium mpcrosporium(R.rting) Rehm

Queen ChsrlotteIslands Needle C~5t on lower crown

foli~ge. NeomYzaphisablatina Wlk. prevalentprevious yel'lr.

(MAINLAND)

IIAP 1

PRINCE RUPERT

Forest inseot •

Forest disease A

Location of pointe where one

",,9 I ,

DISTRICT

DAAJ-JAGE DIVISIONS 000

or more oolleotions were made

and field reoorde taken In

WEST

• •• ~! ••......\..

..'•........

....

101

WEST PRINCE RUPERT

DISTRICT

(QUEEN CHARLOTTE ISLANDS)

'tJJJj 8 10

MiLes

DRAINAGE DNiSIONS 000

IW' 2

Location ot points where ODe

or .ore oolleotioDs were .ade

aDd field records taken in

Foreet inseot ..

Porest disease 4l

FOOEST INSECT AND DISEASE SURVEY

EAST PRINCE RUPERT DISTRICT

1965

- 67 -

FOREST INSECT AND DISEASE SURVEY

EAST PIllllCE RUPERT DISTRICT

1965

A. K. Jardine

:mTRODUCTION

Field work in the East Prince Rupert District commencedon May 24 Rnd ended Septo 24. A 0001 May ~s followed by a generallywarm and dry summer and there was very little insect ~ctlvlty. A reporton the spruce bark beetle And balsam fir mortplity in the District isincluded in th~ introduction to the Prince Rupert District Report. A totalof 432 forest insect ~nd 12 forest diseAse collections were mAde (Table I).The location of points where collect"ons were m~de and field records takenare shown in Map I.

Table I

Collections by Hosts

East Prince Rupert District, 1965

Forest Forest Brot:!d-lenved Forest ForestConiferous hosts insects diseases hosts insects diseases

Aspen)Cedar, red 6 tre!'lbl1ng 2Dcug18s-fir 4 Alder, red 3Fir, alpine 78 3 Alder,Sitks 1Fir, amabili8 18 Birch, white 4Hemlock, mountain 3 Cottonlfood,

black 1Hemlock, western 22 1 Hazelnut 1Pine, lodgepole 98 3 1911low spp. 6Pine, whitebark 1 No host 1Spruce, black 1 Yisae 11 3ceoua 3 3Spruce, Sitka 21Spruce, ftstern white 158

Totals 410 7 Totpla 22

GRAND TOTAl.'l 432 12

- 68 •

FOREST INS&:T CONDITIOIlS

Import~nt Insects

Two-ye~r-eycle Spruce Budwo~ Chorietoneura fumiferana (Cle~.)

The spruce budworm populAtion in the District continued todecline in 1965. Current defol1~tlon wqs very light ~nd mortality ofspruce and balBR.o c'\used by the prolonped infestption 1m8 low. Some top­ldll of b~18",m occurred in severAl arene and m... ny trees had not regaineda full oomplement of follage. Considerable dead understory bRleam "BS

encountered during the spruce bark beetle oruises in these aress. Onlynine of a total of 236 collections taken from wettern white spruce andalpine fir contained spruce budwarm larv~.o The highest !prva! eampletaken in 1965 ~s seven, from spruce, on the Taltapin Lake road. There wesno sign of defol1~tion in the Helene lPke Ilrea in 1965 .mere budwarm hadcqused up to 90 per cent defol1qtion of current growth in 1964. The st9tU~

of the populAtion i~ not exrected to chaDp-e in 1966. The condition of thetrees in the three plot~ in 1965 as com~re.j With 1961 18 shown in Table 2.

Forest Tent CaterplllAr~ M~1Acosomq d1sstr:w. Hbn.

The extensive forest tent c~terpillar infestations in the EastPrince Rupert District collapsed. The outbreak began in 19"9 end c"usedconsiderable annu"ll defoli"tlon of aspen and other deciduous growth betweenHazelton and Telkwa. In 1963 the outbreqk dls~ppe"red in the Hazelton areaRnd moved e~st~rd from Telkwa to Houston.

The infestation eqused he~vy, And in many spots, total defoliationof RSpeD for five eonseeutive yeprs. After being he"vlly defol1pted thetrees "ere often able to produee 8 m", orop of folinge the same ye"r andthis, no doubt~ helped to prevent tree mortality. Ther~ ~8g however,eometop qnd brRnch kill.

Egg counts m~de in study plots in 1964 indiCAted that the outbreakllOuld be h~"vy '1g81n in 1965. HOWl"!ver, the predicted popuV'ltian did not8ppeAr J possibly AS a result of reduced vigor or unf~vor8b1e weqther condit­ions. The insect 1s expeeted to remain nt a low popul.,tion level in 1966.

BlBck-headed Budwol"lll, Aclerls vQrlana (Fern.)

The bl.. ck-he'1ded budworm popu1.,tlon in the District declinedslightly in 1965. The l"rgest saMple, of seven larvae, was fOlnd on spruceDear Fifteen tile Creek on Talta.pin Lake. The following 18 a SUJIlmEIry otbl~ck-he8ded budworm collections in the Districti

Totaltaken1963

number of s~mple8

during l.<trval ~riod

Percentage of samplesconta.ining l"rvae

Average number ofl~rv~e ~r sample

119 140 15.9 1.0

Table 2

Spruoe Budworm Mortality Plots Showing Progress of the Trees for Each Crown Clt1ss,

E~st Prince Rupert District

No.trees Crown No o trees living No.trees with top kill Averqge ( defollntlonin plot c Ifls6 .......J-961 196' 1961 1965 1961 1965

LocAtion S" Ba S" B. S" Ba S" B. S" B. S" Ba

Chflpnlln lAke frI D 8 1 8 1 0 0 0 0 32.2 0 31.4 70.0Plot No. 12 CD 0 5 0 < 0 0 0 1 0 ?3.0 0 <9.0

I 1 2l 1 16 0 5 0 9 50.0 8e.0 40.0 73.6S 29 22 28 16 0 3 1 3 <4.8 84.737.7 86.7

TOT~LS 38 49 37 38 0 8 1 13 49.3 86.0 39.3 7<.8•'"FiBherie~-0

Fence 120 D 29 0 26 0 0 0 1 0 43.6 0 44.4 0,

Plot No. :3 CD 9 3 9 0 0 I 0 0 38.8 62.5 51.2 41.6I 4 26 1 25 0 14 0 9 72.0 72.4 71.6 60.9S I 48 0 44 1 30 0 18 90.0 81.3 0 71.7

TOTALS 43 77 36 69 1 45 1 27 52.0 77.1 48.1 66.3

Cronin MineRC>1d 1<8 D I 3 I 4 0 0 0 0 40.0 60.0 20.043.7Plot No. 5 CD 1 5 1 4 0 0 0 0 30.0 58.0 25.0 25.0

I 7 27 7 19 0 I 0 2 4<.7 82.7 15.0 49.2s 15 99 1< 69 0 7 1 21 45.3 84.4 31.6 72.8

TOJI4LS 24 134 24 96 0 8 1 23 44.5 83.2 26.0 65.9

- 70 -

Western Hemlock Looper, Lambdtna fi8oell~ria lugubros8 (Hulet)

There was DO qppreciable increnee in the populAtIon of thieinseot In the East Prinee Rupert District in the poet year (Table 3).The largest sample; of ten l~rv~e" WiB taken from spruce in 8 smallloe8~lzed mature stand near Moricetown.

Tabla 3

Summ~ry of .3tern Hemlock Looper CollectioM by

Drnln~ge Divisions, East Prince Rupert District

Drainagedivision

Total number ofs~mple8 tAken dur~

log 1~rv81 prriod

Percent'lge ofl!Ismples

containing l~rv~e

AverAge number of1"rvA8 per sample

1963 1964 1965

120121122123

TOTAL

81252

46

50 7937 6035 122

2 19

124 280

0 0 00 8.0 5.06.0 0 1.60 0 10.5

4.3 7.4 2.5

1.0

1.0

2.0 4.2o 1.0

2.3

2.0 2.7

Mountain Pine Beetle Dendroctonu~ pondero.!a~ Ropko

The ~e~iv1ty of this beetle appears to hqve deoreAsed in theDistrict in 1965 AS Indlc~ted by A8T'1f11 survey counts of red,·topped trees.Very few new ..,ttl'lc::ke were noticed during ground examimtione in stendl!!l nearWright Bay and HsW'n Arm~

A Cutworm Noctuidae !ip..

No signs of cutworm dS"''lge were foo.;nd ''It Gooeeley Lake or Scrtlth­bank where in 1964 there hed been considerable defol1~tlon of white spruceseedlings by this pest. In th~t ye~r all lRrvae collected were ~r~sit­

ized ~nd died before being identified.

A Spruce Tip Moth~ Zeiraphers sp.

Distribution of this insect remained Bl!!I in previous years butthe I>verp.ge numbel" of l.qrvae declined in 1965.. Fifty-seven S8Mplea in1964 and 54 1n 1965 contained Zl>lrapherl! ap.. The 1J:lrgest collections, of8 1flrvae~ came from Forestdale And Doughty. Although fe" lFlrvAe were found,in many CAseS th~re ~s evidence of hepvy bud feeding"

71-

Engelmann Spruce Weevil Pissodee engelmann Ropko

lio extensive 88l!lpllnv was done for this weevil in 1965 butobserv9tloDS indicated it was still active in the majority of spruceregeneration areas. It cBused severe damage to young regeneration spruceover 8 two mil~ area commencing about 1/2 mile from the entrRDOe of theMorice West Forest Developaent road south of Houston.

Aspen Le~f Miner» Phylloenietis popul1ella (Chamb.)

The Rspen le,:lf miner infestAtion in the East Prince RupertDistrict continued wherever the host tree, trembling aspen» was found.The f'our study rIots, established In 1963, were again examined in 1965.The percentRge of leaf surfrees ained in 1965 incre~sed considerably overthat of 1964 in ~11 four plots (Table 4). The ~ver~ge number of coeoonsproduced decreased slightly. The Incre~8e in pqrasitism does not entirelyaccount for tl'l!l lower percent"'pe of /'Idult emergence (TAble 5) and Advereecl1mqtic conditions prob~bly contributed to the fluctuqtions in populationof this insect. The "Il!lpen le"!f miner infeet'3.tion will probably remainwidesprMd in 1966 at 'V'1rying levell! of intensity.

Tabl. 4

Aspen Leef SurfAces Mined and rumber of Coooons Produced per 100 Leaf Surf~ces

East Prince Rupert District

Plot Total no. ~ l~Rf surf"cee!DcatioD of leClves mined

1964 196< 1964 1965

Prieatlysto.. Road 408 447 26.2 38.9

Babino Leka 467 597 31 6 93.2

1I000icetolrD 431 452 75.1 81.4

2 Mi. W. ofTalkwa 379 476 69 6 82.7

Aver"lge 1,21 493 50.6 75.7

Averpge no. cocoons per100 leqf eurfqces

1964 1965

100 78

114 130

140 99

158 83

128 97

- 72 -

rl1 hIe 5

!Iort'll1ty of !u;pen !J"nr 111nl"[ in lOO-cocoon S'lIIIplrs "t Four Loclll1tios

EAst Prince Rupnrt District

Loc.,tion ..-: E-erClld__ ,. P-r"s!thed % De,d1964 1965 1964 1965 1964 1965

--Priestly Stn.Rd. 78 38 0 49 22 13B'lbino L'lke 81 60 10 32 9 8Ilorlcetown 62 41 21 30 17 292 ~i.W. of T~lk.e 60 39 24 41 16 20

-_.Avr,[Ilr,e 70.2 44.5 13 .7 38.0 16 17.5

---

Other No~.eworthy Insects

Insl"ct. Host!la. of

Collections

5

ReI'11\rks

Grey spruce looper. defol­inter.Continued low popul~tion.

~rritn "utunn~t~

(Gn~

Griseld~ r~dicnnn

IVlshM.

S,B1,H 7

S, S., 8'l, PI 16

Defoli'ltor.llo popul"tion!ncro"se over 1964.

Tip feederJpopul~tionOl~

distribution remain at"tic.

Neodir'l'ion epp.

Nyctobi~ 11nit~rla

(lilk.)

Pikonrn f\lllskensls(Rnh.

PikOnel'1j c1il'll"ocki1(Cress.

Pineus nbietinusUnderwood & B~lch

5, S"J B

Bo, S

5, S."

Sf S", B

B.

8

8

16

22

1

=

Defoli"tor. No popul~tion

Incr~~se over 1964,"ver'lge ].2l~rv~c ~r collrctlon.

Green b~ls~~ looper, defol­i~tor. Continued lowpopul"1tion.

tellow-h~~ded spruce s~wfly,

dcfol1",tor. CQ:lmon in smallnum~r3 in spruce oollect­ions throughout District.

Green-he~ded epruce s~wfly,

defoliqtor. OOl'll""on in smallnumbprs in collection through­out District. Slight incre~5e

in distribution over 1964.

l.ool1y nphid, s'p feeder.A 51ngl~ steo ~tt'ck foundin the ~rrot L·kes "1rB8.

- 7J -

Fm..~:IT DJ~T"',SE CCJ!DITJ(J;S

A Dr'lnch Cnnker on Alpin!": Fir, Sclnrgrlorris nb;!r!ticola A. Funk

Dn~~r,e to tho br'nch~s of nlpln~ fir ~B common 1n ~any Bt~nd~

throur.;hout t"'e District th:is ye-.r. D!""nch c1nkors girdling stoJ""s "ndl~-'ners res~lted in notice,ble "red flA~glne.n The c1nker usus!ly ocourredabout ~ foot or so frOl':l tho tip of t"'a br~nch or .,t the tops of s....all,.r treesc1uslng rnort,lity of the out>.rrd portl~n. U-'ny of t~e infcctjons prob3blyoccurred in or before 1964 "nn the fl'ggin~ TnS not noticed until the 1965SC1son. Cllo~tlc d"~,ce noy influence t"'e incidence of Inf~ction. It 1sbel1twed t~.,t t"'c 53,.,C pothor-on 1'1'15 ros"onsible for simil"'r damllge 1n theN1nlku, Buck River, and B.,hine L.,ko "rc"s this ye"'r.

A FaU"we Disc'lsc on LOIip,opolc Pine, Hendersonh pinicob Vkl-m.

H~1VY inf~ctions of this foli~Fe dise~se '~re fonnd on younf lodge­pol~ pine ~IOOR the Pri~Btly st~tion r01d ~nd in ~ snaIl locnlized ~rea

of lodgepole rine rt" Qner~tion two I'lil~s north of Kisp:1ox. The infectedtrees h3d a he~vy needle drop. This d1~aFe ~8 common on m~ny other si~il~r

St1nd sit~s in the District.

A Foli~ge Dise'lse on Aspen, V('!nturi'1 tremul1e Merh.

Hn~vy infections of t~i5 foliage di5~1se occurred OVer nost ofthe District in 1964, giVing t~e trees n very Q'lre ~nd reddish-brown np~ar­

~nce. This dise~se ~5 not obs~rved in the District in 1965.

Uistletoe on Lod~epole Pine, Arceuthobi~ A~eric~nurn Nutt ex Eng~ln.

This p"'r"'site .".. 5 common in l'I'l.ny gt~nds of lodgepole pinethroughout t~e Distrjct, c~usin~ stunting And defo~~tion of the trees.He'lVY infections occurred in the vicinity of Oots~ L1v.e, nt other loc~tion5

throughout the Park, nnd "round tlorlce Lnke.

Other Uotl"'worthy Dise'lsos

Host Orft'nisM Loc~lity Rell'arks

Aspen, tre~bling Ciborin~ "l'Jtzelli(S"'-vl"lr)

Chesl1tta &.t'Jisteria

Le'lf spot of 'lspsn. Lightinfecticns in t~is areacDmp""'rod to 196)-1964 •

Currant, blllck Cron~rtj um rih1coln. Euchu ReAch~ C. Fisc.... ex RR.b. Tweedsmuir Pk. thite pine blister rust.

Li~ht inf~ctions.

He-Iock,mount'lln ~OMYC~te N"nik" River Sl~e Mould s1n.1e lightinfection.

Nettles Puccini" cArjcinaD.C.

T~ltapin LAke A rust. H~~vy infectionsin ~re~ ~x~Mined.

Wint~rf"reen ChrysomvxA pirolnt~

rant.

-Topley I..C~.

RO"ldHp~vy infection~ in thisnre8, ~lt·rn~te host forspruce cone rust. Oftend~ntroys pntire seed crop.

•

•

'" EAST PRINCE RUPERT

OISTRCT

!I. .. ,_.

Ii!lp1

Location ot points where

one or aore oollections

were made and field reoords

taken in 1964.

Forest insect •

Forest disease ,.