19560453 Microsoft Power Point 8 OMF000603 Traffic Statistics Analysis Issue 1

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Traffic Statistics Analysis


Foreword� Traffic statistics is the performance of network.

� Each traffic item is corresponding one feature of network.

� Through the traffic statistics, can quickly settle the network problem.


Objectives� Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:

� Know the traffic statistics system structure of BSC6000

� Understand some often-used traffic measurement items

� Locate some problems through the traffic statistics system


Contents1. Brief Introduction to BSC Traffic Statistics

2. Often-used Traffic Statistics Items Analysis

3. Locate Problem through Traffic Analysis


Measurement term� Counter WHAT

� Normal counter：default counter＋extended counter

� Customer counter

� Object WHO

� Physical concept（Board/Cabinet）� Logical concept（BSC, Cell，TRX）

� Period WHEN

� 5，15，30，60，1440（min）


Hierarchical Structure of Performance

Unit m

Unit 1

Cluster 1

……

…

…Cluster n

Item 1

Item j

Item1

Item k

PERFORMANCE


Hierarchical Structure of Performance


Counter Setting

� Select Performance > Counter Setting or click to display the Counter Setting dialog box.

� Counter includes default counter and extended counter

� Support quickly search one certain counter

� Support “all counter select” or just some of them


Counter Setting


Object Type

OptionalOptionalOptionalClass 2

Yes

Save in the performance data base

YesYesClass 1

Could be query

Report all the KPI

Object Type


Object Setting� Menu

� Performance－》Object setting

� The blue color is the class 1

� The green color is the class 2


Period Type� Real-time （5，15min）


Period Type� Measure period（30，60，1440min）


Query Result

� Menu

� Performance－》query result

� Get the result of performance

� Support output the files of XLS,JPEG

� Support print on line

� Support counter filter


Query Result

� When query result, should select object, counter and the others setting


Query Result� In counter selection: black

counter is the default counter (KPI) or the extended counter which has been activated ; gray counter is the extended counter which never been activated.


Query Result� Other setting is about the query period and the time.


Query Result� User can query the needed traffic through the counter filter


Measure Management� Function

� Collecting the Missing Data

� Synchronizing the Performance Data

� Query Measurement Status of Objects and Periodic Counters

� Subscribe Periodic Measurement Results

� Query Reliability of Periodic Measurement Results

� Suspending or resuming Data Collection


Measure Management


Threshold Setting� Function

� Support threshold add（resume）/suspend

� Each counter has four alarm level

� If there is the high alarm level , the lower alarm level will bedisappear automatically

� Value and Hysteresis together form the conditions for triggering and stopping the alarm.

For example, in the Increasing direction, an alarm of a certain level is triggered when the number of measurement results reaches the Value + Hysteresis of this level; in the Decreasing direction, the alarm is stopped when the number reaches Value – Hysteresis.


Threshold Setting


Customer Counter Management� To calculate required measurement counters based on the

existing counters through the arithmetic operation.。� The customer counter is measured only when all the original

counters contained in the formula are measured

� The customer counter cannot be used to create other user defined counters.


Customer Counter Management


Analysis Process� Systematical logic:

From whole system to specific cell

� Integrality

Observe the change trend of the items for more than one week and the changing trend of each day.

� Relativity

Relationship between various kinds of traffic statistics items


Analysis Process� Analysis process

� First we shall analyze and compare the item of BSC measurement function to have a rough idea for the whole network.

� During analyzing, if any important items (such as call drop rate or handover success rate) are abnormal, we shall do further detailed analysis for the corresponding items.


Analysis Process� There are 14 clusters in the

BSC6000 traffic statistics, 4 of them

are important for the optimization.

� BSC Measurement

� MR Measurement

� Call Measurement

� Channel Measurement


Traffic Analysis� The statistic items in BSC

Measurement Function

are used to measure the

traffic volume of all the

cells in the BSC, including

the call drop, handover

and assignment.


Traffic Analysis� MR measurement is some

items about measurement report ,helping the user to optimization.


Traffic Analysis� Call measurement is the

performance during the

calling, such as

Handover, call drop and

assignment;

measurement object

includes cell, TRX and

the LAPD link


Traffic Analysis� Channel measurement is

about the channel allocated,

channel conversion and the

channel load


Often-used Items� In BSC6000, there are some traffic units are important for

the analysis of interference, call drop and handover, more attention should be paid on those� Interference band measurement report per TRX

� Power control messages per cell

� Neighbor cell level measurement per cell

� Uplink-and-downlink balance measurement per TRX

� Radio link failure measurement per TRX

� TCHF(H) receive level measurement per TRX


Often-used Items� In BSC6000, there are some traffic units are important for

the analysis of interference, call drop and handover, more attention should be paid on those� KPI measurement per cell

� Outgoing inter-cell handover measurement per cell

� Incoming inter-cell handover measurement per cell

� Intra-cell Handover Measurement

� Call drop measurement per cell

� CPU usage measurement


Interference Band Measurement Report

–85 dBm to –47 dBmInterference band 5





Power Level RangeInterference Band� Interference band is the interference

level contained in the RF RES IND message that the BTS reports to the BSC when the channel is idle. There are five levels. The level range of each band is set through the LMT. The higher rank suggests higher interference level. An idle channel at interference band 4 or 5 suggests the existence of interference.


Power Control Messages� Power Control Messages

per Cell refers to the measurement of the transmission power and the receive level between the BTS and the MS. It can measure the coverage of cell and the receive level or quality average.


� Neighbor Cell Level Measurement per Cell refers to the measurement of mean receive level of neighbor cells. This measurement unit helps to determine whether to configure neighbor cells.

� If “Number of MRs of Neighbor Cells” and “Strength of Signals in Neighbor Cells” are higher ,this cell should be configured as neighbor cell.

Neighbor Cell Level Measurement


� Proper power estimation during network planning is a prerequisite for normal operation of the system. The uplink and downlink signals in the coverage area must be balanced.

� The MR that the BSC receives contains the uplink receive level and the downlink receive level. The uplink and downlink balance level is determined by the following formula: Downlink receive level – uplink receive level – 6 .

Uplink-and-Downlink Balance Measurement


Uplink-and-Downlink Balance Measurement

15 dB, 16 dB, 17 dB, 18 dB, 19 dB, 20 dB11

10 dB, 11 dB, 12 dB, 13 dB, 14 dB10

6 dB, 7 dB, 8 dB, 9 dB9

3 dB, 4 dB, 5 dB8

1 dB, 2 dB7

0 dB6

–2 dB, –1dB, 0 dB5

–5 dB, –4 dB, –3 dB4

–9 dB, –8 dB, –7 dB, –6 dB3

–14 dB, –13 dB, –12 dB, –11 dB, –10 dB2

� –15 dB1

Downlink Receive Level – Uplink Receive level – 6Uplink-and-Downlink Balance Rank

• Mapping between the uplink/downlink balance rank and the receive level.


Radio Link Failure Measurement� Radio Link Failure

Measurement per TRX refers to the measurement of level, quality, and TA in the MR during call drops. From this unit can check is there any interference or coverage too low. Judge the call drop position from “Radio link failure measurement based on TA”

Number of Radio Link Failures per TRX

Mean TA During Radio Link Failure TRX

TA During Radio Link Failure per TRX

Mean Uplink and Downlink Quality During Radio Link Failure per TRX

Uplink and Downlink Quality During Radio Link Failure per TRX

Mean Uplink and Downlink Level During Radio Link Failure per TRX

Uplink and Downlink Level During Radio Link Failure per TRX

Counter


� The valid MRs that the BSC receives contain the ranks of the uplink and downlink receive level and the ranks of the uplink and downlink receive quality

� The receive level has eight ranks, and higher rank suggests greater receive level

� The receive quality has eight ranks, and higher rank suggests worse receive quality

TCHF(H) Receive Level Measurement


TCHF(H) Receive Level Measurement

>-607

(-65,-60]6

(-70,-65]5

(-75,-70]4

(-80,-75]3

(-85,-80]2

(-100,85]1

<–1000

Receive Level(dBm)Rank of Receive Level


� KPI measurement is about the traffic statistics of each cell, it includes all the important items, helping the engineer analyze each cell performance

KPI Measurement


Outgoing Inter-cell Handover Measurement

� This measurement refers to performance of MS handover from target cell to the each neighbor cell, including Handover request times, handover success times, radio handover success rate

� It also record the handover reason, such as receive level , bad quality


Outgoing Inter-cell Handover Measurement


Incoming Inter-cell Handover Measurement

� This measurement refers to performance of MS handover from each neighbor cell to this serving cell, including Handover request times, handover success times, radio handover success rate

� From the incoming inter-cell handover measurement, can locate the neighbor cell which handover to this cell is not good.


Incoming Inter-cell Handover Measurement


Intra-cell Handover Measurement� It measures the intra-cell handover request times,

success times.

� This traffic unit also measure the reasons of intra-cell handover: interference intra-cell handover, TCHF-TCHF in the AMR calling, intra-cell handover during the channel conversion, overlaid/underlaid handover.


Intra-cell Handover Measurement


CPU Usage Measurement � CPU measurement function includes two statistic items:

Percentage of CPU occupation (%)

Peak percentage of CPU occupation (%)

� The former one is the percentage of CPU in busy status during the measurement cycle. This item indicates the load of BSC. The latter one is the maximum CPU occupation within measurement cycle

� It is recommended to register this task on any occasion


CPU Usage Measurement


Call Drop Measurement� Call drop measurement classify all the call drop by

reasons and the channel type

� According this traffic , can get the detail reason of call drop ,helping locate the call drop problem


Call Drop Measurement


Call Drop Analysis

High call drop cell

Radio link failureCall drop measurement

Rx-level

quality

TA

Call drop during the H.O

Call drop in stable state

drop due to the Abis interface

drop due to the equipment

drop due to forced H.O

alarm、hardware

Interference band

Up-down link balance


Call Drop Analysis� Find out the high call drop rate cell in the “KPI measurement”

� Check those cell’s traffic and the call drop times, exclude the low traffic high call drop rate cell

� Find out the call drop reason in “call drop measurement ”

� Check the receive level ,quality and the TA in “radio link failure measurement”

� “Interference band” “Up-down link balance “ and the alarm system also will help to locate the high call drop reason


Call Drop Analysis� Call drop in stable state: call drop during the calling, the major

reasons are “error indication” and “connect failure”.

� Call drop in handover state: call drop during handover, in otherword , handover failure and reset-up also failure.

� Call drop due to Abis terrestrial link failure: normally the reason is Abis transmission, also can check alarm system to find out this problem.

� Call drop due to equipment failure: the call drop reason is related to hardware fault.

� Call drop due to force handover: during the calling, system force the MS handover and handover failure , call drop occur.


Radio Link Failure Measurement� Check receive level, quality and TA in “radio link failure

measurement” to analysis the call drop type:

� Edge call drop: low receiving signaling strength, large TA.

� Short distance call drop: low receiving signal strength and small TA.

� BQ call drop: high receiving signal strength and poor quality.


Edge Call Drop� Causes ：

MS is out of cell’s effective coverage area, “Island” phenomenon caused by over shooting or missing neighbor, Isolated site.

� Solutions：� Add new site to guarantee the effective continuous coverage;

� Add the necessary neighbor;

� Adjust antenna height and antenna downtilt, use high gain antenna;

� Modify some parameters: “SACCH multi-frames”, “Radio link timeout counter”, “handover threshold”, “handover statistic time”, etc


Short Distance Call Drop� Causes：

� Poor coverage caused by complicated terrain or high dense building

� Solutions ：� Increase EIRP

� Adjust antenna direction and downtilt, make the main lobe point to high traffic area

� Adjust parameters related to call drop


Interference Call Drop� Monitor and locate interference through some traffic statistics：

� Analysis interference band to monitor uplink interference, judging inter network or intra network interference according the relationship between interference and traffic

� Monitor uplink and downlink interference via “TCHF(H) receive level measurement”. If most M.R receive level high and the quality bad, the interference will be serious

� In “BTS maintenance”-”maintain cell”-”configure frequency scan” , can monitor which frequency is interfered


Interference Call Drop


Interference Call Drop� Solutions：

� Drive test in the suspected area, check the receive level and the quality; using the spectrum equipment to find out the interference resource.

� Active frequency hopping, DTX and the Power control to reduce the interference.


Up-down Link Balance� Disposing method ：

� Analyze “up-down link balance measurement function”statistics result and confirm whether the uplink and downlink are balanced.

� In call drop measurement function, analyze the average receiving signal strength and quality for both the uplink and downlink .

� In power control measurement function, analyze the average receiving signal strength for both the uplink and downlink .


Handover Analysis Process

Low handover success rate

Alarm hardware

Interference band

Up-down link balance

Incoming H.O

Outgoing H.O

Neighbor cell level

KPI measurement

External inter-cellHandover

Internal inter-cellHandover

Intra cell H.O


Handover Analysis� Find out the problem cells:

� All cells or some cells

� Handover problem direction:

� Outgoing or incoming

� Handover failure object:

� Handover to all the neighbor cells or just handover to certain cell has problem


Handover Analysis� From “KPI measurement” and “External inter-cell handover”

“Internal inter-cell handover”, find out the cells which handover success rate is lower

� Analysis the major handover failure is in outgoing or incoming

� Check “Incoming and outgoing handover measurement” to find out it is just related to certain cell or to all the neighbor cells

� From “neighbor cell revel” to decide deleting or adding neighbor cell

� Check “Intra-cell handover measurement” to monitor AMR, overlaid/underlaid performance


Handover Analysis� Monitor transmission and board alarms

� Analysis “Up-down link balance measurement” to make sure that cell unbalance or not

� Interference also will make the handover success rate lower, so should pay more attend to “interference band” “TCHF(TCHH) receive level measurement”


Handover Parameters� Locate and solution：

� Check whether the handover threshold such as TA, BQ and handoverfunction switch are suitable or not.

� Check whether the successful TCH seizures for handover are much more than successful TCH seizures for call. If handover times divided by call times is larger than 3, then it indicates that there may be ping-pong handover. Check the parameter settings and adjust them (layer setting, layer handover hysteresis, inter cell handover hysteresis, PBGT threshold, etc.).

� Check whether the average signal strength is low when the handover happens. If so, it indicates the edge handover threshold is too low.


Summary� Traffic Statistics System Basics

� Key traffic Measurement Items

� Traffic Statistics Analysis Method

Thank youwww.huawei.com

19560453 Microsoft Power Point 8 OMF000603 Traffic Statistics Analysis Issue 1

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