1800's political changes
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Transcript of 1800's political changes
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Congress of Vienna and Revolutions
of 1848
POLITICAL CHANGES OF THE 1800’S
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LIST 5 COUNTRIES IN NAPOLEON’S EMPIRE
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How much territory is under Napoleon?
How do you predict that the map will change after the Congress of Vienna?
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WHAT IS HAPPENING HERE?
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Began with his invasion of RussiaArmy of 600,000—only 40,000 returned Other nations attack his crippled army—
and he was exiled to Elba.Made a triumph return, but was defeated
by the Duke of Wellington at the Battle of Waterloo.
At Waterloo—Napoleon was defeated by a combined British and Prussian army and was once again exiled until his death.
NAPOLEON’S DOWNFALL
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DUKE OF WELLINGTON AND THE BATTLE OF WATERLOO
France and England are mortal Enemies!
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What caused the Congress of Vienna?
Colonies- territories taken over and ruledby another country
Reparations- money That a country owns In order to pay war
debts
Return of Plundered Art
British used naval power to occupy several French colonies.Now they have colonies elsewhere
Napoleonic wars cost money, lives, and destruction of cities, towns, and Farmland. French owe!
Napoleon’s armies stole art from Conquered countries and put them in Louvre. Countries want them back.
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The peace conference between the countries of Europe
GOALS:1. Prevent French retaliation2. Restore a balance of power so that no country would be a threat to others3. Restore legitimate royal families to their thrones
CONGRESS OF VIENNA
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WHAT SOCIAL CLASSES ARE THE PEOPLE AT THE CONGRESS OF VIENNA FROM? HOW CAN
YOU TELL?
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THE CONGRESS OF VIENNA SEPTEMBER 1814
Russia PrussiaAustria
Great Britainand
France
The congress met to reconstruct the map of Europe and develop a balance of power that would prevent another massive take-over by one country.
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THE VICTORS (GREAT POWERS)
Country Leader
1. Russia Czar Alexander I
2. Prussia King Frederick William III
3. Austria Metternich
4. Great Britain Castlereagh
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Foreign Minister of AustriaMost influential man at the Congress of Vienna
Divide Europe “equally”Gold vs. Raw Materials
THE CONSERVATIVE AGE OF METTERNICH
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How is this map different from the map of 1812?
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6 STATES RETURNED TO POWER AFTER THE CONGRESS OF VIENNA
PRUSSIAAUSTRIAFRANCERUSSIA
GERMANITALY
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Kings and Princes restored to power
A series of alliances called the Concert of Europe. They would meet to help one another if any revolutions broke out.
Concert of Europe’s modern equivalent is the United Nations. Both have the purpose of promoting peace.
WHAT DID THE CONGRESS OF VIENNA ACCOMPLISH?
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BALANCE OF POWER: ADD TO YOUR WORKSHEET
• Keep peace and stability•No one country is too powerful•It is all in the countries best interest
SardiniaNetherlandsGerman ConfederacySwitzerland
Great BritainPrussiaRussiaFrance
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ConservatismKings and Queens should rule Keep “things” the sameSuppress the ideals of the French RevLiberalismChange the current systemThe EnlightenmentPower in the hands of the people, not KingsNatural Rights!
CONSERVATISM VS. LIBERALISM
Natural Rights
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In what ways would you describe yourself as conservative? In other words, what traditions would you want to protect?
In what ways would you describe yourself as liberal? In other words, where do you wish you had more freedom?
REFLECTION:
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Nationalism = people belong to a certain community with common institutions, traditions, languages, and customs
Citizens owed their loyalty to the nations, not a king
Liberalism a strong ally of nationalism
NATIONALISM
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REVOLUTIONS OF 1830Liberalism + Nationalism = Revolution
French Liberals overthrew the monarchy and instituted a constitutional monarchy
Inspired revolutions in Poland, Italy, and Belgium
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2nd French Revolution leads to universal male suffrage
French inspired revolts in Germany (Prussia), Austria, and Italy
Concert of Europe was able to restore old order
Revolts led to temporary Constitutional Governments. Revolutionaries could not stay together and conservative rule was reestablished.
REVOLUTIONS OF 1848
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THE ROLE OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
When people have economic power, they want political power.
IR provided jobs, money, and opportunity that did not come from being born into a particular family