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Module 1RNC Architecture Overview

RN3.0

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Module Objectives

At the end of the module the participant will be able to:List and explain the main functions of NSN RAN in general and the functions

of specific RAN network elements

Describe briefly the mechanical construction of the RNC

List the main functional units and describe the purpose of each

Describe the role of HMS

Explain the Data flow in the RNC

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Network Architecture (Rel 4)

3G-SGSN

RNCRNC

BTS

BSCBSC

WBTS

MGWMGW

ExternalIP networks

IP/ATM

Backbone

MGW

PSTN/ISDN

Other PLMN

HLR

MSSMSS

GGSN

GCS

WCDMA/GSMmobile

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NSN Radio Network Controller

Based on IPA2800 platform

RNC functionality:

Radio Resource ManagementTelecom

Transmission and transport

O&M

Interface to NetActUser interface

Measurements and statistics

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UTRAN

Iu-CS

Uu

User Equipment(UE)

IurIub

DRNC

WBTS

WBTS

WBTS

WBTS

SRNC

Core Network(CN)

3G-SGSN

3G-MSC

Iu-PS

UTRAN Interfaces

CBCIu-BC

SASor

A-GPSServer

Iu-pcor

ADIF

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Mechanics (M2000)

Cabinet mechanics for indoor use

Cabinet contains 4 subracks, 4 fan trays,and power distribution equipment

EMC shielding at subrack level ratherthan at cabinet level

Front and back cabling

Based on metric dimensioning (IEC/ETSI)

A3/A4 hardware mechanics (RNC 196):IC186-B Indoor Cabinet, 1800*600*600 mmSRA1 Subrack, ATM, type 1SRA2 Subrack, ATM, type 2FTRA Fan Tray

A5 hardware mechanics(RNC450):EC216 Equipment Cabinet, 2100*600*600

mm

SRA3 Subrack, ATM, type 3FTRA-B Fan Tray 1200W

RNC450

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RNC196 and RNC450

RNC 196

RNC450

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Units Redundancy (1/2)

Duplicate (2N)One spare for every active unit.

Replacement (N+1)One spare for a group of PIUs within a functional unit.

Load Sharing (SN+)A group of PIUs within a functional unit acts as resource pool.

No Redundancy

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Power Distribution System

Purpose:

Distributes the -48 V/-60 V power from the rectifiers or batteries tothe equipment inside the RNC cabinets

Consists of:CPD120-A panel at the top of each cabinet

PD30 plug-in units in each subracks

PD30 controls the cooling equipment of its own subrack on thebasis of messages sent by the OMU

Redundancy: None Units: CPD80/120-A Cabinet Power Distributor 80/120 A

PD20/30 Power Distribution Plug-in Unit20/30 A

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PIU Power Distributor

PD30

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Timing and Synchronization System (1/2)

Purpose:

Receives an input timing signal from upper network level, andadjusts its local oscillator to long time mean value and delivers this

synchronised timing signal as system timing to all plug-in units inthe same subrack and TBUF

Operates in plesiochronous mode, if all synchronisation are lost

Collect alarms from the PIUs in the same subrack and transferthem to HMS master (OMU)

3 synchronisation inputs from line interface card

8 synchronisation outputs support maximum 8-cabinetconfiguration

Redundancy: 2N

Plug-in unit: TSS3 Timing and Synchronization SDH Stratum3

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Timing and Synchronization System (2/2)

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Timing Buffer (1/2)

Purpose:

The TBUF unit is a clock buffer

Distributes the synchronisation signals generated by the TSS3s toplug-in units not directly fed by the TSS3s.

Collects the alarms from the PIUS in the same subrack andtransfers them further to the HMS master net, which brings the

alarms to the appropriate OMU.

Redundancy: 2N

Plug-in units: TBUF Timing Buffer

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Timing Buffer (2/2)

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Timing Bus

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Hardware Management System (HMS)

HMS Master Node (HMMN)

HMS Bridge (HMSB)

HMS Slave (HMSS)

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HMS Nodes

HMS Master Node (HMMN)Head of Hardware Management System, which has responsible for example

selecting the transfer line and supervision of HMS bridge nodes

Reside on OMU

HMS Bridge (HMSB)Divides Hardware Management System into subnetwork, which physically

each subrack

Reside on TSS3 and TBUF

HMS Slave (HMSS)Interfaces with for example PIUs power and hardware alarms

Reside on all PIUs except OMS and ESA12/24

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HMS Bus

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RNC Functional Architecture

E1/T1/JT1ATM

SFU

MXU

MXU

TBU

OMU

CU*

CU*

STM-1ATM VC47VC3

CU*

NIS1/NIS1P

NIP1

MXU

A2SU

CU*

SPU*

WDU

EthernetOMS

FDUWDU

Network InterfacesNIP1 (E1 ATM)NIS1 (STM-1)

Computer UnitsICSU, RRMU,RSMU, OMU, GTPU

Switchingand Multiplexing unitsSFU, MXU, A2SU

SignalProcessing

Unit(DMCU)

Timing andSynchronization

unitsTSS3, TBUF

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Switching Fabric Unit (1/2)

Purpose:

Serves as the main switch fabric of the exchange

Operates according to a non-blocking connection principle Supports both point-to-point and point-to-multipoint connection

topologies

Handles various ATM service categories.

Redundancy: 2N

Plug-in unit: SF10 ATM Switch Fabric Plug-in Unit 10 Gbps

SF20H ATM Switch Fabric Plug-in Unit 20 Gbps

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Switching Fabric Unit (2/2)

RNAC

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Multiplexer Unit (1/2)

Purpose:

Enables connection of the low-to-medium bit-rate signal processingunits and computer units, as well as low-bit-rate network interface

units, to the ATM switch fabric Performs the multiplexing and demultiplexing of ATM cells

ATM layer management and processing functions such as headertranslation, UPC/NPC parameter control, OAM functions, traffic

management

Redundancy: 2N

Plug-in unit: MX622-B / MX622-C / MX622-D / MX1G6ATM Multiplexer Plug-in Unit 622 MbpsATM Multiplexer Plug-in Unit 1,6 Gbps

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Multiplexer Unit (2/2)

RNAC

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AAL Type 2 Switching Unit (1/2)

Purpose:

The A2SU is an AAL Type 2 CPS minipacket switching unit, whichis used in association with the Multiplexing Unit (MXU)

Guarantee bandwidth efficient and limits the transfer delay and ofAAL type 2 connection

Redundancy: SN+ Plug-in unit: AL2S-A / AL2S-B / AL2S-D

Configurable Dynamic Signal ProcessingPlatform (CDSP)

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AAL Type 2 Switching Unit (2/2)

AL2S-D

RNAC

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Operation and Maintenance Unit (1/2)

Purpose:

Handles all the RNC's crucial maintenance functions, such ashardware configuration management, Hardware ManagementSystem (HMS) supervision, and the associated centralisedrecovery functions.

Activates appropriate recovery and diagnostics procedures

Serves as an interface between the OMS and the other units Houses the databases containing entire system software, alarms

and radio network configuration.

Redundancy: 2N

Plug-in unit: CCP10 / CCP18-A

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Operation and Maintenance Unit (2/2)

RNAC

CCP18-A

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OMU's storage devices

HDS-B, consist oftwo Hard Disk Drive(HDD): One for

OMU and anotherfor OMS

73 GB formattedstorage

capacity/disk Redundancy type :

2N

RNAC

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Radio Resource Management Unit (1/2)

Purpose:

Performs centralized part of telecom signalingControls signaling connections between RNC and CN, and between RNCs.

Maintains centralized information, including PIDs, state changes ofsubsystems, UL scrambling codes, etc. of the MS.

Paging message grouping and routing to the RRC protocol according to thecentralized connection information.

Takes care of resource releasing due the fault situations of ICSU units(e.g. forced switchover, reset, overload)

Redundancy: 2N

Plug-in unit: CCP10 / CCP18-A

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Radio Resource Management Unit (2/2)

RNAC

CCP18-A

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Interface Control and Signalling Unit (1/2)

Purpose:

Handles signalling transaction and RRM functions:

Signalling protocols to Iu, Iub, Iur and Iu-BC interfaces for

NBAP, RNSAP, RANAP, SABP signalling ALCAP (Q.2630.1) signalling

RRC signalling

Termination of the UNI-SAAL (Iub), NNI-SAAL/MTP-3 (Iur and Iu) and TCP/IP (Iu-BC)signalling links

Monitoring and recovery of the signalling links

Radio resource management functions Admission control (AC)

Handover control (HC)

Load control (LC)

Packet scheduling (PS)

Redundancy: N+1

Plug-in unit: CCP10 / CCP18-A

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Interface Control and Signalling Unit (2/2)

RNAC

CCP18-A

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Resource and Switch Management Unit (1/2)

Purpose:

Establishes connections for calls according to requests from thesignalling computer units (ICSUs)

Handles DSP resource managementAllocation of the DSPs and associated computer resources to different tasks,

such as macrodiversity combining and data traffic functions.

ATM switching management functions:Establishment of both internal and external connections via the SFU

Management and control of the SFU, A2SU and MXU.

Transmission resource management.

Redundancy: 2N Plug-in unit: CCP10 / CCP18-A

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Resource and Switch Management Unit (2/2)

RNAC

CCP18-A

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GPRS Tunnelling Protocol Unit (1/2)

Purpose:

Facilitates RNC connections towards the SGSNRouting based on GTP tunnel ID

UDP/IP (User Datagram Protocol / Internet Protocol) protocols termination

IP and GTP protocol processing

Redundancy: SN+ Plug-in unit: CCP10 / CCP18-A

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GPRS Tunnelling Protocol Unit (2/2)

CCP18-A

RNAC

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Computer System

CCPC2-A Control Computer, P III, Connector 2Intel Pentium III processor at 500 MHzup to 512 MB SDRAMSCSI Interface

CCP10 Control Computer, P IIIIntel Pentium III processor at 800 MHzup to 2 GB SDRAMSCSI Interface

Performance is approximately 1.3 x CCPC2-A

CCP18-A / CCP18-C Control ComputerIntel M 745 (Dothan) 1.8GHz2GB memory4x USB2 connectors in front panelSCSI InterfacePerformance is approximately 2 x CCP10 / 2.6 x CCPC2-ACCP18-A

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Data and Macro-Diversity Combining Unit (1/2)

Purpose:

WCDMA L1 functions, including macro-diversity combining (MDC)and outer loop power control.

RLC and MAC functions PDCP (Packet Data Convergence Protocol) protocol processing

GTP termination

Encryption

Redundancy: SN+

Plug-in unit: CDSP-B / CDSP-C / CDSP-DH

Configurable Dynamic Signal ProcessingPlatform

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Data and Macro-Diversity Combining Unit (2/2)

RNAC

O i d M i S U i ( )

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Operations and Maintenance Server Unit (1/2)

Purpose:

Local user interface

Interface towards the higher level network management system

(OSS) Firewall functionality for protecting LAN/Ethernet connections to

environment

O&M functionalities which are not handled by other computer unit

Post-processing of Fault management and Performance Data

Peripheral device control

Redundancy: None

Plug-in unit: MCPC2-A / MCP18-BManagement Computer,

Pentium III Connector2

O ti d M i t S U it (2/2)

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Operations and Maintenance Server Unit (2/2)

MCP18-B

RNAC

Eth t S it h ESA12 d ESA 24

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Ethernet Switch ESA12 and ESA 24

RNAC

N t k I t f U it PDH (NIP1)

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Network Interface Unit PDH (NIP1)

Purpose:

ATM network interfacewith 16 electricalinterfaces

SW configurable toE1/T1/JT1

Supports InverseMultiplexing for ATM (IMA)

Redundancy: None

Plug-in unit: NI16P1ANetwork Interface

16 * PDH E1/T1/JT1(ATM)

RNAC

Network Interface Unit STM 1 (NIS1)

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Network Interface Unit STM-1 (NIS1)

Purpose:

ATM network interfacewith 4 optical interfaces

VC-4 and VC-3 mappingof ATM cells

SDH transmissionprotection (MSP 1+1) &equipment protection

Redundancy:None / 2N (NIS1P)

Plug-in unit:NI4S1-B

Network Interface,4 * SDH STM-1(ATM)

RNAC

Multiplex Section Protection (MSP)

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Multiplex Section Protection (MSP)

Compliant with standard SDH MSP (Multiplex Section Protection)

Against equipment failures (at the interface)

Against point-to-point link failures

Protecting link

Working link

SiteRNC

Working STM-1 interface

Protecting STM-1 interface

Summary of Units Redundancy in RNC

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Summary of Units Redundancy in RNC

2NNIS1PNoneEHU

NoneFDU

NoneOMS

SN+DMCU

SN+GTPU

NoneNIP1

NoneNIS1

2NTBU

2NWDU

N+1ICSU

SN+A2SU

2NRRMU

2NRSMU

2NSFU

2NMXU

2NOMU

RedundancyFunctional Unit

Data Flow in RNC

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Data Flow in RNC

User data between UE and MGW

User data between UE and SGSN

User data via RACH/FACH channel between UE and SGSN

Common control channels (RACH and FACH)

Dedicated control channels

Permanent signalling links

User Data between UE and MGW

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A2SU

User Data between UE and MGW

RRMU

RSMU

OMU

WDU

Ethernet

100Base-TXOMS

MDS

MXU

SFU

MXU

DMCU

ICSU

GTPU

A2SU

NIP1

NIS1P

NIS1

TBU

MXU

DMCU

ICSU

GTPU

A2SU

NIP1

MXU

DMCU

ICSU

GTPU

A2SU

NIP1

ICSU

GTPU

Iub from WBTS 1

Iub from WBTS 2

Iur from WBTS 3via DRNC

To MGW

SRNC

WBTS1 WBTS2 WBTS3

MGW

DRNC

3G-SGSN

User Data between UE and SGSN

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User Data between UE and SGSN

RRMU

RSMU

OMU

WDU

Ethernet100Base-TX

OMS

MDS

MXU

SFU

MXU

DMCU

ICSU

GTPU

A2SU

NIP1

NIS1P

NIS1

TBU

MXU

DMCU

ICSU

GTPU

A2SU

NIP1

MXU

DMCU

ICSU

GTPU

A2SU

NIP1

GTPU

ICSUWBTS3

MGW

DRNC

Iub from WBTS 1

Iub from WBTS 2

To3G-SGSN

In NRT datamaximum of twolegs is enough toensure sufficient

quality for thesignal

SRNC

WBTS1 WBTS2

3G-SGSN

User Data via RACH/FACH Channel between UE and

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User Data via RACH/FACH Channel between UE andSGSN

RRMU

RSMU

OMU

WDU

Ethernet100Base-TX

OMS

MDS

MXU

SFU

MXU

DMCU

ICSU

GTPU

A2SU

NIP1

NIS1P

NIS1

TBU

MXU

DMCU

ICSU

GTPU

A2SU

NIP1

MXU

DMCU

ICSU

GTPU

A2SU

NIP1

GTPU

ICSU

Iub from WBTS 1

To 3G-SGSN

SRNC

WBTS1 WBTS2 WBTS3

MGW

DRNC

3G-SGSN

Only hardhandovers aresupported forRACH/ FACH

Common Control Channels RACH/FACH

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Common Control Channels RACH/FACH

RRMU

RSMU

OMU

WDU

Ethernet100Base-TX

OMS

MDS

MXU

SFU

MXU

DMCU

ICSU

GTPU

A2SU

NIP1

NIS1P

NIS1

TBU

MXU

DMCU

ICSU

GTPU

A2SU

NIP1

MXU

DMCU

ICSU

GTPU

A2SU

NIP1

GTPU

ICSU

SRNC

WBTS1 WBTS2 WBTS3

MGW

DRNC

3G-SGSNIub from WBTS 1

Dedicated Control Channels

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Dedicated Control Channels

RRMU

RSMU

OMU

WDU

Ethernet100Base-TX

OMS

MDS

MXU

SFU

MXU

DMCU

ICSU

GTPU

A2SU

NIP1

NIS1P

NIS1

TBU

MXU

DMCU

ICSU

GTPU

A2SU

NIP1

MXU

DMCU

ICSU

GTPU

A2SU

NIP1

GTPU

ICSU

RNC

WBTS1 WBTS2 WBTS3

MGW

RNC

3G-SGSN

Iub from WBTS 1

Iub from WBTS 2

Permanent Signalling Links

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e a e t S g a g s

RRMU

RSMU

OMU

WDU

Ethernet100Base-TX

OMS

MDS

MXU

SFU

MXU

DMCU

ICSU

GTPU

A2SU

NIP1

NIS1P

NIS1

TBU

MXU

DMCU

ICSU

GTPU

A2SU

NIP1

MXU

DMCU

ICSU

GTPU

A2SU

NIP1

GTPU

ICSU

RNC

WBTS1 WBTS2 WBTS3

MGW

RNC

3G-SGSN

Interface Link type

Iub NBAP common

NBAP dedicated

AAL2 signalling

Iur RNSAP

AAL2 signalling

Iu RANAP

AAL2 signalling

Iub from WBTS 1

RNC450 Capacity Steps

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p y p

Three capacity steps forhigher

Iub Capacity:

450/150450/300

450/450

Capacity Step RNC 450/150

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p y p

The RNC 450 capacity step 150implements the minimum capacity

Fully equipped RNAC cabinet

Capacity Step RNC450/300

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p y p

The RNC450 capacity step 300 consistsof a fully equipped RNAC cabinet andcabinet mechanics for an RNBC cabinet

This includes all 4 subracks for an RNACcabinet, all needed plug-in unit types forsubrack numbers 1 and 2 of an RNBCcabinet and cover plates for subracks

numbers 3 and 4 of an RNBC cabinet

Capacity Step RNC450/450

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The RNC450 capacity step 450 consistsof all the required plug-in unit types inRNAC and RNBC cabinets

Summary Capacity Steps in RNC450

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100 00070 00035 000RRC connected mode users

3 5942 8001 950AAL2UP Connectivity Mbps

512300200Number of BTS

1 152900600Number of Carriers

450300150Iub Throughput Mbps

8 0006 2504 000Erlangs

295 000231 000147 000Busy hour call attempts

360 000284 000181 000Number of Subscribers

RNC450/450RNC450/300RNC450/150High Capacity RNC

RNC196 Capacity Steps 1/2

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RNC196 Capacity Step 1

This is the minimum RNC configuration. The cabinetRNAC is fully equipped. A second cabinet is notrequired.

RNC196 Capacity Step 2 The cabinet RNBC contains all four subracks - with

subrack 1 fully equipped.

Subracks 2, 3 and 4 in the cabinet RNBC contain noplug-in units, not even PD20 or TBUF units. Thesesubracks are only equipped with cover plates.

RNC196 Capacity Step 3 The second subrack in cabinet RNBC is equipped in

the same way as the first subrack.

RNC196 Capacity Step 4 The third subrack in cabinet RNBC is equipped RNC196 Capacity Step 5

The forth subrack in cabinet RNBC is equipped RNC196 Capacity Step 6

Both cabinets are used and capacity is achieved byreplacing plug in units and/or upgrading to newestvariants

RNC196 Capacity Step 7 Both cabinets are used and capacity is achieved by

upgrading to newest variants

1. 2.

3.

4.

5.

6&7

RNC196 Capacity Steps 2/2

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Upgrade from capacity step5 (196Mbps) to capacity step 6, (300Mbps)-

Requires following plug-in-Unitversion levels CCP10 (RRMU,RSMU, ICSU, GTPU), MX622-D(MXU), CDSP-C (DMCU) andCCP18-A (OMU)

Upgrade from capacity step 5 (196Mbps) to capacity step 7, (450Mbps)

Requires following plug-in-Unitversion levels CCP18-A (OMU,

RRMU, RSMU, ICSU, GTPU),MX622-D (MXU), CDSP-C (DMCU)and AL2S-D (A2SU)

5

RNC196/step5

RNC196upg/450

RNC196upg/300

6

7

Capacity Steps in RNC 196

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AL2S-B

AL2S-D 3 5943 5942 8002 4001 9501 450950

300M159M85M 122M 450M196M48M

100 000

-

512

1 152

450

8 000

295 000

360 000

70 000

1 300

512

1 152

300

6 800

251 000

300 000

60 000

1 000

512

1 152

196

6 800

251 000

300 000

30 000

550

256

576

85

2 700

99 000

122 000

50 00040 00020 000RRC connected modeusers

850700400AAL2UPConnectivityMbps

420340170Number of BTS960768384Number of Carriers

15912248Iub Throughput Mbps

5 4004 0001 300Erlangs

199 000147 00048 000Busy hour callattempts

240 000181 00059 000Number of Subscribers

RNC196High Capacity RNC

Review of RNC Architecture Overview

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1 - Which of the following is not a RNC feature

a. RRM functions

b. Management of the radio network and resources

c. Switching and multiplexing functionsd. Transcoding

e. Signalling processes toward Iu, Iub and Iur interfaces

f. Interface to NetAct

2 - Which of these elements is/are based on the IPA2800 NSN ATM Platform:

a. 3G SGSN

b. MGW and RNC

c. GGSN

d. BTS

3 - How many capacity steps there are for the RNC196?

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3 How many capacity steps there are for the RNC196?

a. 4b. 5

c. 6

d. 7

4 - Which one is not a feature of new RNC (RNC450)?

a. New cabinet type

b. New subrack type

c. New Cabinet Power Distributor Unit

d. New Power Distributor Plug-in unit

e. New Fan Tray

f. New Plug-in unit for OMU (CCP18-A)

g. New Ethernet switch Unit

5 - Internal signalling connections of IPA2800 are using:

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5 Internal signalling connections of IPA2800 are using:

a. a switching fabric that is also used for external trafficb. a message bus connecting all the units

c. a separate internal traffic switch connecting all the units

d. None of the above

6 - Which of the following is the responsibility of OMU?

a. Hosting of the radio network configuration and recovery in case of unit failures

b. Radio resource management and call management

c. SFU connection control and DSP resource management functionsd. All of the above

e. None of the above

7 - Identify the functionalities from the list below:

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a. Main operations and maintenancefunctions

b. SDH interface unit

c. RANAP, RNSAP and NBAP

protocol processingd. Provides GUI for Radio Network

configuration

e. Multiplexing of low bit rate flowstowards SFU

f. Iu-PS interface IP processing

g. AAL2 multiplexing/demultiplexing

h. Performs macrodiversity combining,

encryption, etc.i. Controls DSP and ATM recourses

j. Main switching unit of RNC

1. A2SU2. OMU

3. ICSU

4. GTPU

5. SFU

6. RSMU

7. MXU

8. NIS1

9. DMCU

10.OMS

O S S SS ?

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8 -The OMS is considered as HMS slave (HMSS)?

a. True

b. False

9 -TSS3 is located always in the first two subracks of the main and the extensioncabinet?

a. True

b. False

10 - Which of the following is the responsibility of the RRMU?

a. Processing the IP connections to SGSN

b. Reserving DSP on DMCU PIU

c. Multiplexing the AAL2 mini packetsd. All the above

e. None of the above