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Transcript of 17. Black Death.ppt
7/14/2019 17. Black Death.ppt
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Why was the Black Death so
Terrifying?
1066 –1500
For more detailed instructions, see the Getting Started presentation.
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This presentation covers:
1. What the Black Death was.
2. How medieval people thought it was spread.
3. How the disease was really spread.
4. What actions were taken to stop the spread and
whether they were successful.
Learning objectives
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Oh God, what terrible disease has arrived
at my village? We are all sick with
swellings and fever. The lucky ones are
those that die, for who can survive this
illness and be left to pick up the pieces of this mad world. Surely God is listening to
my prayers. I am writing this in hope you
heed my warning and remove yourself
from all mankind. I am dying… you may benext…
Press play to listen to this text.
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What was the Black Death?
The Black Death is also known as the plague. In the
fourteenth century it spread rapidly across Europe andcaused a massive reduction in population.
A medieval description of the plague:
“…emergence of certain tumours in the groin or armpits,some of which grew as large as a common apple. Black
spots appeared on the arm or the thigh…”
People who caught the disease had swellings on their
bodies, sometimes as big as eggs. Then the black
spots would appear, which gave the disease its name.
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The spread of the plague
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How did the plague spread?
There were two types of plague:
Bubonic plague was the more common and was carried inthe bloodstream of rats. Fleas bit the rats and become
infected. They then hopped onto humans, bit them and
passed on the disease.
Pneumonic plague was more deadly. It was caught by
breathing in the germs when an infected person coughed or
sneezed.
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Symptoms of the plague
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How did the plague get to Britain?
The Black Death travelled along trading routes.
Merchants ships frequently had rats on board. The ratswhich got on the boats in China and India, where it is
thought the disease began, transferred the disease to the
sailors on board, who transferred it to people working at the
docks where they landed.
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“In the month of August 1348, after the evening sun began
to set, a very bright star appeared above Paris … The star seemed much nearer the earth than stars usually are … it
seemed to me … that the star stayed in one place … At
last darkness fell. Then to the amazement of all of us, the
star split up into many different rays. It shed these raystowards the east, over Paris. The star then completely
disappeared.”
Description of the plague reaching France by Jean de
Venette, friar.
What does this source tell you about how people thought
the plague began? Why did many people blame God?
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What did people believe caused the plague?
Sent by God to punish
us for our sins.
The movements of the
planets.
Being close to
infected people.
Bad smells.
Were any of these
ideas correct?
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How did people try to prevent the plague?
“[Toads] should be placed on
the plague boil. The toad willswell and draw out the poison
of the plague to its own
body…”
Guy de Chauliac
It was thought that by
bleeding people, they couldget rid of the bad blood which
caused the plague.
Flagellants were
people who believedthat if they whipped
and hurt themselves,
God would take pity
on them.
Do you think that any of these
methods would work?
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Stages of the plague
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Plague doctor
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The effects of the Black Death
Although it is impossible to discover how many people died
from the Black Death, it is estimated that around 1 in 3
people in England died as a result of the disease.
50%
Exeter
49%
Norwich
48%
Ely
These coffins show
the percentage of
priests dying from
the Black Death in
Exeter, Norwich and
Ely.
Why do you think that a higher percentage of
priests died than ordinary people?
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Was the Black Death a complete disaster?
Some good things did come out of the Black Death.
In many areas, villages were
deserted, so there was more goodland for people to grow crops on.
In many areas, village
populations were greatly
reduced, so villagers could askfor higher wages, and serfs could
demand their freedom.
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“At Woodeaton there were only two farmers left and they
would have gone away if the abbot had not made a newagreement with them to reduce their work service…”from the records of Eynsham Abbey, c.1385.
“As soon as masters accuse their workers of bad work …
they leave quickly and find jobs in new places at higher
wages. Masters dare not upset their workers…” from
Introduction to a Law, 1376.
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Effects of the Black Death
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The Black Death: multiple-choice questions