16.9 The Doppler Effect. The Doppler effect is the change in frequency or pitch of a wave for an...
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Transcript of 16.9 The Doppler Effect. The Doppler effect is the change in frequency or pitch of a wave for an...
![Page 1: 16.9 The Doppler Effect. The Doppler effect is the change in frequency or pitch of a wave for an observer moving relative to its source.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d925503460f94a791ff/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
16.9 The Doppler Effect
![Page 2: 16.9 The Doppler Effect. The Doppler effect is the change in frequency or pitch of a wave for an observer moving relative to its source.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d925503460f94a791ff/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
16.9 The Doppler Effect
![Page 3: 16.9 The Doppler Effect. The Doppler effect is the change in frequency or pitch of a wave for an observer moving relative to its source.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d925503460f94a791ff/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
16.9 The Doppler Effect
![Page 4: 16.9 The Doppler Effect. The Doppler effect is the change in frequency or pitch of a wave for an observer moving relative to its source.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d925503460f94a791ff/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
16.9 The Doppler Effect
The Doppler effect is the change in frequency or pitch of a wave for an observer moving relative to its source.
![Page 5: 16.9 The Doppler Effect. The Doppler effect is the change in frequency or pitch of a wave for an observer moving relative to its source.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d925503460f94a791ff/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Source Moving Towards Observer
![Page 6: 16.9 The Doppler Effect. The Doppler effect is the change in frequency or pitch of a wave for an observer moving relative to its source.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d925503460f94a791ff/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Source Moving Towards Observer
![Page 7: 16.9 The Doppler Effect. The Doppler effect is the change in frequency or pitch of a wave for an observer moving relative to its source.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d925503460f94a791ff/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Source Moving Towards Observer
![Page 8: 16.9 The Doppler Effect. The Doppler effect is the change in frequency or pitch of a wave for an observer moving relative to its source.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d925503460f94a791ff/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Source Moving Towards Observer
.
s
so vv
vff
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Source Moving
.
sso vv
vff
–vs ….when the source moves towards the observer.
+vs .… when the source moves away from the observer.
![Page 10: 16.9 The Doppler Effect. The Doppler effect is the change in frequency or pitch of a wave for an observer moving relative to its source.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d925503460f94a791ff/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Moving Observer
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Moving Observer
.
v
vvff o
so
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Moving Observer
.
v
vvff o
so
In the above equation +vo is used when the observer moves
towards the source and –vo is used when the observer moves
away from the source.
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Doppler EffectGeneral Case
.
s
oso vv
vvff
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Doppler EffectGeneral Case
.
s
oso vv
vvff
+vo is used when the observer moves towards the source,
–vo is used when the observer moves away from the source,
–vs is used when the source moves towards the observer, and
+vs is used when the source moves away from the observer.
![Page 15: 16.9 The Doppler Effect. The Doppler effect is the change in frequency or pitch of a wave for an observer moving relative to its source.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d925503460f94a791ff/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Application of Doppler EffectNexrad: Next Generation
Weather Radar
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16.10 Applications of Sound in Medicine
1. Ultrasonic Scanner
2. The cavitron ultrasonic surgical aspirator (CUSA)
3. Bloodless surgery: High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU)
4. The Doppler flow meter
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Ultrasonic Scanner
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The cavitron ultrasonic surgical aspirator (CUSA)
Neurosurgeons use a cavitron ultrasonic surgical aspirator (CUSA) to “cut out” brain tumors without adversely affecting the surrounding healthy tissue.
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Bloodless surgery High-intensity focused
ultrasound (HIFU)Another application of ultrasound is in a new type of bloodless surgery, which can eliminate abnormal cells, such as those in benign hyperplasia of the prostate gland.
This technique is known as HIFU (high-intensity focused ultrasound). It is analogous to focusing the sun’s electromagnetic waves by using a magnifying glass and producing a small region where the energy carried by the waves can cause localized heating. Ultrasonic waves can be used in a similar fashion.
The waves enter directly through the skin and come into focus inside the body over a region that is sufficiently well defined to be surgically useful. Within this region the energy of the waves causes localized heating, leading to a temperature of about 56 °C (normal body temperature is 37 °C), which is sufficient to kill abnormal cells. The killed cells are eventually removed by the body’s natural processes.
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Doppler Flow Meter
A Doppler flow meter measures the speed of red blood cells.