16.1 THE WAR BEGINSBy Sarah King, Molly Bohan, Becca Corbett, and Tess Foley

AMERICANS CHOOSE SIDESBy: Molly Bohan

AMERICANS CHOOSE SIDES

Abraham Lincoln became president

Seven southern states seceded

Lincoln promised to not end slavery where it already existed

Lincoln wanted to preserve the union

Lincoln believed that saving the union would help save democracy

Molly Bohan

AMERICANS CHOOSE SIDES

Lincoln refused to recognize secession, declaring the union to be unbroken

After decades of painful compromises the union was badly broken A battle was arising in the south Confederate officials began seizing branches like the federal mint,

arsenals, and military outposts In 1861, at Fort Sumter, a federal outpost in Charleston, South Carolina

was attacked by the federal troops On April 12, 1861, Confederate guns opened fire.Molly B

AMERICANS CHOOSE SIDESMOLLY BOHAN

REACTION TO LINCOLN’S CALL/ NORTHERN

RESOURCES

By: Becca Corbett

REACTION TO LINCOLN’S CALL

Lincoln declared South in a state of rebellion Asked state governors for 75,000 militiamen to stop rebellionPennsylvania, New Jersey, & states north of them rallied to president’s

callBorder states- Delaware, Kentucky, Maryland, and Missouri- slave states

that didn’t join the Confederacy People in border states – deeply divided on warFederal troops sent to border states to keep them with UnionWest Virginia- set up own state government in 1863Becca C

NORTHERN RESOURCESNorth population – 22 million South’s – 5.5 million North’s advantages :

Networks of roads, canals, and railroads Civil War stimulated economic growth Production of coal, iron, wheat, and wool increased Exports to Europe doubled Had money

Had more developed economy, banking system, and currencySouth: export of resources decreased because Union blockadeSouth had to start making own Confederate dollarsWinfield Scott- developed a two part strategy for Union

1) destroy South’s economy with a naval blockade of southern ports 2) gain control of Mississippi River to divide the South

Other leaders urged to attack on Richmond, Virginia Becca

SOUTHERN RESOURCES/PREPARING FOR WARBy Tess Foley

Tess Foley

SOUTHERN RESOURCES• Southern farms provided food for military• South’s best advantage was strategic – it only needed to defend itself until the

North grew tired of fighting• North had maintain long supply lines because of the great distance between

Virginia to Georgia• Armies found South hard to cross because of all the wilderness• Many rivers ran from east to west = this formed a natural defense from the

north• Northern generals attacked from the side instead of the front • Since the two armies fought on Southern territory, Southerners had he

advantage of knowing the land better• Confederate president Jefferson Davis tried to win foreign allies through cotton

diplomacy• Cotton Diplomacy – idea that Great Britain would support the Confederacy

because it needed the South’s raw cotton to supply it’s booming textile industry

Tess Foley

UNION AND CONFEDERATE RESOURCES

Tess Foley

PREPARING FOR WAR

• Volunteer Armies had sparked revolution• Thousands had joined the volunteer

army• Union army only had 16,000 soldiers in

beginning• Within month, that number swelled to

half million• Virginian Thomas Webber came to

fight “against the invading foe who now pollute the sacred soil of my beloved native state.”

Tess Foley

HELPING THE TROOPS

• Civilians on both sides helped those in uniform• Raised money• Provided aid for soldiers and their families• Ran emergency hospitals

• Dr. Elizabeth Blackwell, first women to receive medicine license, organized a group that pressured Pres. Lincoln to form U.S. Sanitary Commission in June 1861

• The Sanitary was run by clergyman Henry Bellows• Sent bandages• Medicines• Food to Union Army

• 3,000 women served as nurses for the Union army.

Tess Foley

TRAINING THE SOLDIERS By Sarah King

TRAINING THE SOLDIERS

Union and Confederate sides were both short of supplies:

Lacked standard uniform (wore own clothes)Volunteers had no Idea how to fightSmall amount of food and rifles

Union side ended up wearing blue uniforms, while confederates wore grey

Sarah

http://www.heeve.com/american-history/african-americans-in-the-civil-war.html

THE VOLUNTEERS

•No clue how to fight• Still eager to fight•Used schoolteachers, farmers, laborers• Learned combat basics such as:•Marching• Shooting•Using bayonets• Sarah

ALMOST TIME TO FIGHT

•Discipline and drill used to turn into efficient soldiers• Learned to load, aim, and fire their rifles three times in one minute• Favored Springfield and Enfield rifles because of accuracy• Sarah

THE TENTS

•Union army provided two person tents• Soldiers discarded them for more portable ones• Confederates didn’t issue tents•Often stole Union’s tents• Sarah

BIBLIOGRAPHY

http://www.econedlink.org/lessons/images_lessons/729_1860_uc1.gif

Deverell, William, and Deborah Gray White. United States History Beginnings to 1877. Orlando: Harcourt Education Company, 2009. Print.  

BIBLIOGRAPHY

• Textbook

• 16.1 powerpoint