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value added services

Submitted by

(1110046)

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GSMVarious subsystems

1. Network Subsystem includes the equipments andfunctions related to end-to-end call.

2. Radio Subsystem includes the equipments andfunctions related to the management of the

connections on the radio path.

3. Operations and Maintenance subsystem includesthe operation and maintenance of GSM equipment for

the radio and network interface.

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Network Architecture

B

TS

MSC VLR

HLR

PSTNISDN

Data

Networks

Air interface

OSS

BTS

BTS

MSC VLR

BSC
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GSMNetwork Structure

GSM Service Area

PLMN Service Area MSC Service Area

Location Area Cells

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GSM

PLMN Service Area

V

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GSMFunctions of Mobile Station

Voice and data transmission

Frequency and time synchronization

Monitoring of power and signal quality of thesurrounding cells

Provision of location updates even during

inactive state

Equalization of multi path distortions

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GSM

Mobile Station

Portable, vehicle mounted, hand held

MS identified by unique IMEI

Shall display at least last ten received, dialled

and missed calls

Minimum talk time of 1hr 30 min. and standbytime of 80 hrs

160 characters long SMS

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GSMSIM Card

SIM Module

Unique Subscribers ID IMSI and ISDN PIN

Key Ki, Kc and A3,A5 and A8 algorithms

SIM has CPU, ROM, RAM and EPROM

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GSMMobile Identification Numbers

IMEI

MSISDN

IMSI

TMSI

MSRN

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GSMIMSI

International mobile subscribers Identity

The IMSI is an unique identity which is used

internationally and used within the network toidentify the mobile subscribers.

The IMSI is stored on the subscriber identity

module (SIM), the HLR, VLR and AC database.

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GSMIMEI

International Mobile Equipment Identity

The IMEI is an unique code allocated to each

mobile equipment. It is checked in the EIR. IMEI check

White List

Grey ListBlack List

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BSC

BSC

BSC

MSC/VLR

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GSM

FUNCTION OF BTS -I Encodes, encrypts, multiplexes, modulates

and feeds the RF signals to the antenna

Transcoding and rate adaption Functionality

Time and frequency synchronisation signals

transmission.

11 power classes from .01 watts (Micro cell)

to 320 watts (Umbrella cell)

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GSM

FUNCTION OF BTS -II

Frequency hopping

Random access detection

Uplink radio channel measurements

BTS mainly consists of a set of transceivers(TRX). Can accommodate 1 to 7 TRX perSector

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GSM

FUNCTIONS OF BSC-I

It is connected to BTS and offloads MSC

Radio resource management

Inter-cell handover Reallocation of frequencies

Power control

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GSM

FUNCTIONS OF BSC-II

Time delay measurement of the received

signals from MS with respect to BTS clock.

Performs traffic concentration to reduce the

number of lines from BSC to MSC.

Provide interface TCP/IP X.25 to the OMS

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GSMMSC-BSS Configurations

BTSBTS

BTS

BTS BTS

BTS

A-bis

BSC

BSS

Configuration -6 Multi - cell site =multi--BTS site

Many singlecell sites

BSS

MSC

BTS

AA

A

Single - cell siteConfiguration -1

Multi - cell site (sector CellsConfiguration -5

MCC: Mobile Switching Centre

BSS: Base Station System

BSC: Base Station Controller

BTS: Base Transceiver Station

A-bis

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Network and Switching Subsystem (NSS)

VLR

HLR AUC

EIR

D

CF

A

E

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GSM

MSC ( MOBILE SWITCHING CENTRE)

Manages communication between GSM & other

network

Call setup functions, basic switching are done

MSC takes into account the RR allocation in

addition to normal exchange functions

MSC does gateway function while its customers

roams to other network by using HLR /VLR

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GSMMSC Functions - I

Paging, specifically call handling

Location updation

Handover management

Billing for all subscribers based in its area

Reallocation of frequencies to BTSs in its area to

meet heavy demands

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GSMMSC Functions - II

Echo canceller operation control

Signaling interface to databases like HLR, VLR.

Gateway to SMS between SMS centers andsubscribers

Handle interworking function while working asGMSC

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GSMVISITOR LOCATION REGISTER (VLR)-I

It controls those mobiles roaming in its area.

VLR reduces the number of queries to HLR

One VLR may be incharge of one or more LA.

VLR is updated by HLR on entry of MS its area.

VLR assigns TMSI which keeps on changing.

IMSI detach and attach operation

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GSM

Data in VLR IMSI & TMSI

MSISDN

MSRN. Location Area

Supplementary service parameters

MS category Authentication Key

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GSM

Home Location Register(HLR)-I

Reference store for subscribers parameters,numbers, authentication & Encryption values.

Current subscriber status and associated VLR.

Both VLR and HLR can be implemented in the

same equipment in an MSC.

one PLMN may contain one or several HLR.

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GSM

Home Location Register(HLR)-II Permanent data in HLR Data stored is changed only by man-machine.

IMSI, MS-ISDN number.

Category of MS ( whether pay phone or not )

Roaming restriction ( allowed or not ).

Supplementary services like call forwarding

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GSM

Home Location Register(HLR)-III Temporary data in HLR The data changes from call to call & is dynamic

MSRN

RAND /SRES and Kc

VLR address , MSC address.

Messages waiting data used for SMS

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Value added

ServicesMobile network& Applications

the

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Wireless World -theres something for everyone

Mobile

internet

Sports MTV

Jokes

Grocery

Prepaid,

messaging

GamblingCompany

data

Customer

data

Banking

data

Financial/

Stock news

Other

news

Young people

Middle aged

Financial

community/trader

Traveling sales/-

business man

Anybody else

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Services already available in network

UMS (Unified Messaging Services )

(e-mail/VMS/Fax)

SMS (Short Message Services)

WAP (Wireless Application Protocol)

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New Services on Mobile

Multi Media Messaging Services

Location Based Services

Corporate LAN access Video Streaming

Profile based services like friend finder

m-Commerce Telemetery

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Ringtones and Images over SMS, EMS

Games over SMS for single, multi player and as a team

Gaming servers handling SMS, WAP and Java games

MMS applications for Imaging and Melodies

Java applications on handsets

Messaging Service applications

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Movies

Video-clips

Photos

Pictures

Applications Evolution user perspective

SMS

EMS

MMSText

Streaming

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Tariff Structures

Service LevelBased

Customersegmentation

required

Straight Usage(Volume)

TransactionBased

Time Based Flat Fee


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35


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Wireless data communication

Key Technologies - GPRS

Higher data transfer speeds

Multislot MS and coding schemes Packet switched technology

Radio interface (resource sharing)

Core Network (IP based)

Reused radio network (BTS and BSC)

New core network and nodes (SGSN/GGSN)

Always connected - always on-line


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Connecting GPRS Nodes Corporate

ISP/Internet

BTS

BTS

BSC

BTS

BTS

BSC

MSC/VLRHLR

SMSGW-MSC

ExternalIP network

ExternalIP network

OtherPLMNs

SS7Gs

GrGd

Network Management andGPRS Services LAN

GiNetwork

GiNetwork

Router

Router

IP Network(sharedbackbone) Gn

Gp

FrameRelayNetwork

Gb

Firewall

Firewall

Firewall


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GGSNGn

Gi (IP)

Serving GPRS Support Node SGSN

Ciphering, authentication

Mobility management

Session management

Logical link management towards the MS Charging data

Packet routing & transfer

Connection - HLR, MSC, BSC and SMS-MSC

SGSN

IP

Network

MS


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MS

Gi (IP)

Gateway GPRS Support Node GGSN

External interfaces (Mobile IP applications, Internet/Intranets)

Access functionality

Traditional gateway functionality

Subscriber addresses publish

Routing

Charging dataIP

Network

GGSN


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40

Multimedia Messaging Overview


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WHAT IS MMS?

Personal Communication Sending photos

Greetings Mobile postcards

Voice messages

Exchanging icons,

Entertainment

Music

Quiz shows

Comic strips

Cartoons

Person Person

Operator

Person Person

Information News

Sports Weather

Stock updates

Travel

Operator

Content Person


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Multimedia Messaging - Any combinationof media types

Video

and

Audio

Images

Graphics

Music


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rich content to encourage usage

Cartoons, Dating, Pop stars, Sports stars, Pets,

Special occasions, Hobbies, Sports results, TV programmes,News, Weather, Holidays, Timetables, Family...

http://www.bradpittfan.com/pics/magazine/premiere/mpr018b.jpg

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Content & Application

Fun: Cartoon of the day, Cocktail recipes, Daily Horoscope,

Games: Puzzles & Riddles, Cutenclever, Friends, PopQuiz,

Photo & Film: PhotoGallery, Mobile Greeting Card,

Chat & date: Mobile Chat, Love Horoscope, Love Matcher

Music: Karaoke, Fan Packages, Hit Lists, Music News


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The Greeting Card solution:

Send Messages to your friends, familyand loved ones:- Via the web to the mobile phone

Ease of use self instructing -Drag n drop

Animations, Sounds, Pictures & Text


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Infra Soul Mobile Spirituality

Features :

Product delivers Bhagavad-Gita

/Quran /Bible verse as MMS

MMS Bhagavad-Gita /Quran /Bible

verse contains calligraphic image,

melody reading out the verse, withthe meaning and necessary text

supporting it

One time subscriber registration

through the web


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Different processing for text and drawing

Naive

Transcoding

Optimal

Adaptation

Maintain Text

Content Based Conversion example


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Mobile Applications


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Location Based Applications


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Location Based Services

Positioning application

Where am I

Yellow Pages

Tracking

Fleet managementBrand Finder

Geo Coding, Content,

Application Integration

Positioning methods:

Cell/Sector , Time of Arrival

-- Network Based AGPS

Terminal Based EOTD


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v v

Horizontal accuracy of location technologies

Technology

Rural RuralExtreme

Suburban

Suburbanextreme

Urban

Urban

extrem

e

Indoor User Comments

Cell ID1-35

km 1-100 Km

1-10

km 1-10 km

50m-

1km

50m-

1km

No change

unless there is

a micro/ pico-

cell

Cell shape and

possibility of incorrect

sector decides

accuracy

Cell ID

and

Timing

Advance 1-35

km 1-100 Km

1-10

km 1-10 km

50m-

1km

50m-

1km

No changeunless there is

a micro/ pico-

cell

Radial distance can be

improved for range of500m, incorrect sector

may give possibility of

error

EOTD50m-

150m 50-150m

50-

150m 100-250m

50-

150m

100-

300m

Slight

degradation

Mobile needs to see at

least 3 base station or

unavailable if 3 BTS

are not available

GPS

10m 10m 20m 50-150m

30-

100m

50-

100m

In-building

coverage by

windows but

not deep

inside Urban canyon effect


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Stickiness : Daily traffic info. pushed during

rush hours via SMS/MMS

Most people need to know the current

traffic sitution on their route.

Hosting: Operator / ISP

WAP/Web/MMS/SMS:

This service both collects and distributes traffic information. Traffic informationis very important need for city dwellers. Systems can estimate traffic

information by sampling mobiles in automobiles on freeways anonymously to

determine average velocity of vehicles. If this is not possible in locataion more

static information can be collected from city authorities. All this information is

mapped and sent to mobile users who request it.

APPLICATION OVERVIEW

Traffic Information


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Positioning basedinformation,advertisements...Telecom & backhand IT infrastructuremakes it possible!

All Trademarks and Registered Trademarks are of respective holders


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Telemetery

Use of Computers in combination with

telecommunication systems

Positioning system and wireless link to deliver

two way information


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Application examples of telemetryConvergence put to use !

Billboard

Download advertise-

ment messages

Remote management

storage tanks

irrigation systems

Vending Machines

All Trademarks and Registered Trademarks are of respective holders


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Vertical applicationsIts all about Imagination...

Operations

Dispatchoperationsinterconnected: Taxi Field services Parcel

services

Emergencyservices

Automation

Vending

machines

Lotterymachines

Automatic ticket

machines

M2MServices

Alarm &

supervision Point of sales

Telemetry

Financial

services

M2MVehicle

Vehicle tracking

Electronic maps Traffic

telematics

Car tolls


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I dont need wires

to connect anymore

Help! Im almost outof coke bottles.


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Who are your customers?

age/status?

attitude?

culture?interests?

financial situation?

location?time?

behaviour/mood?


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THANKS

1524648_634820717263906250

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