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COLLES FRACTURE

ABSTRACTColles Fracture

l e h :Tjie Haming Setiadi '

The wrist is an essentiallink ofthe forearm to the hand and form the foundation ofthe handAny pertaining to it will decrease or may be disable the basic function of the hand.Colles fracture is the most common fracture of the wrist, amounting to an incidence of 24%in a working population , in which a fracture through the radius causes the distal fragment tobe displaced radially and dorsally. It is the most common fracture in adults older than age 50years and c t e d women more frequently than men , due to the onset of postmenopausalosteoporosis with a fall on the outstretched hand as the most common cause. The complicationColles' fracture include mal-union, delayed rupture of extensor pollicis longus, r a u m a t i creflex symphathetic dystrophy, nerve problems (especially median nerve), finger and shoulderstiffness, radiocarpal h r i t i s and associated scaphoid fracture.Treatment of Colles' fracturegenerally is by closed reduction and application of a plaster splint with exercises to restoreand maintain mobility of the wrist and full functioning of the hand. However, sometimesorthopedic surgeon via external or internal fixation may be requiredKey words: Colles fracture, wrist fracture

ABSTRAKFraktur CollesPergelangan tangan merupakan bagian penting yang menghubungkan lengan bawah dengantangan dan membentuk dasar dari tangan. Cedera apa pun yang terjadi padanya akanmenurunkan bahkan dapat meniadakan fungsi dasar dari tangan tersebul. Fraktur Collesmerupakan fraktur pergelangan tangan yang paling sering ditemukan , dengan insidens sebesar24% di antara populasi pekerja , dimana fraktur yang melalui radius menyebabkan bagiandistalnya tergeser secara radial dan dorsa l. Fraktur Colles juga merupakan fraktur yangpaling sering terjadi pada orang dewasa berusia lebih dari 50 tahun dan lebih sering terjadipada wanita dibadingkan dengan pria. Hal ini disebabkan karena dimulainya osteoporosispasca menopause dimana jatuh dengan tangan terjulur merupakan penyebab terseringKomplikasi frkatur Colles antara lain adalah m u n i o n robekan ekstensor polisis longusyang u n d a distrofi refleks simpatis pasca trauma, gangguan saraf (terutama nervusmedianus) , kekakuan jari dan bahu , arteritis r a d i o k a r p dan fraktur skafoid yang berkaitanPenatalaksanaan Fraktur Colles' umumnya adalah dengan reduksi tertutup'dan aplikasi gipsdengan latihan untuk mengembalikan dan mempertahankan mobilitas pergelangan tangan

fungsi penuh dari tangan. Namun, kadang-kadang bedah ortopedik melalui fiksasieksternal atau internal diperlukanKala-kala Kunci: fraktur Colles, fraktur pergelangan tangan

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the fracture The patient is unable toextend the distal phalanx of the thumbagainst resistance orto raise the thumbmetacarpal away from the handThe incidence of reflexsympathetic dystrophy in Colies'fracture, which occurs in an extremityafter operation or minor trauma" andparticularly affects individuals who arefearful and inhibited ,s varies from 7-

3 7 % 1 6 % . ' 8 .

CONCLUSIONDiagnosis of Colles' fracture is basedon history taking , physical examinationand radiographic examination. Fromhistory taking usually there is a traumainvolving forearm. While through

BIB LlOGRAPHY

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physical examination associatedfindings inciude marked swelling of thedorsal aspect of the wrist that resembledinner fork deformity as well as pointtenderness across the dorsum andpainful motion. Radiographic examination showed that there is radialshortening and loss of the radial slopelradial i c u l a r angle (Iess than 150) inthe anterior view; an articular surfaceinvolvement in oblique projections anda decrease of volar tilt (less than 00) inthe lateral view. Goals of treatment areto restore radial length , volar tilt ,anatomic articular congruity and alsoto avoid any complications and makean early motion of a stable construction

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