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g]kfndf h}ljs tyf /f;folgs b'3{6gfsf] ljifodf s'/f ubf{ gf}nf] / cfZro{hgsnfUg ;S5 . cf}Bf]lus ljsf;sf qmddf afd] dfq klg ;g{ g;s]sf] d'n'sdfo; k|sf/sf] b'3{6gf x'G5 eg]/ sNkgf klg ug{ ;lsFb}g . d'n'ssf] cfly{sljsf;df ko{6g Joj;fosf] k|j4{g / hnljB't\sf] ljsf; g} k|fyldstfdf/x]sf] jt{dfg ;Gbe{df 7"nf /f;folgs sf/vfgfsf] :yfkgf x'g] ;Defjgf sd}/x]sf] 5 . oBlk g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df hLjf0f'af6 dflg;sf] :jf:Yodf x'g] cfqmd0f,v]taf/Ldf nufOPsf vfBfGg afnLdf x'g] sL/f tyf jGohGt'sf] cltqmd0f,jgljgfzsf sf/0f dflg;dfly x'g] jGohGt'sf] cfqmd0f / s[lifpTkfbg j[l4tyf /f]u / sL/fsf] lgoGq0fsf nflu k|of]u ul/g] sL6gfzs cf}iflwn] h}ljstyf /f;folgs b'3{6gfsf] l:ylt pTkGg ug]{ ;Defjgf eg] Jofks aGb} uPsf]5 . To;}n] oxfF 7"nf /f;folgs b'3{6gfsf af/]df Hofb} yf]/} dfq rrf{ ul/g]5eg] g]kfnsf ;Gbe{df jGohGt'sf] cfqmd0f, v]taf/Ldf nfUg] /f]u, sL/f /To;sf] lgoGq0fsf nflu k|of]u x'g] sL6gfzs cf}iflw jf /;fogsf ljifodf;+lIfKt rrf{ ul/g]5 .

ljZjdf hg;ª\Vofsf] rfk lbg k|ltlbg a9\b} uPsf] 5 . a9\bf] hg;ª\Vofsf]nflu cfjZos kg]{ vfBfGgsf] cfk"lt{ ug{ pTkfbg a9fpg'sf] s'g} ljsNk5}g . vfBfGg pTkfbg a9fpg dflg;af6 sL/fsf] lgoGq0f tyf /f]usf] pkrf/sfnflu sL6gfzs / /f]ulg/f]w cf}iflwsf] cfljisf/ x'g] qmd tLj| ultdf k|f/Deeof] . o;sf ;fy} /f;folgs dnsf] pTkfbg / k|of]udf ;d]t Jofks ¿kn]j[l4 ePsf] 5 .

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af;:yfg eg] 36\bf] qmddf 5 . ;fd'bflos jgsf] ljsf; / lj:tf/n] jgsf]If]qkmn a9] klg /fli6«o jgdflysf] cltqmd0f / rfk eg] lg/Gt/ al9/x]sf]5 . o;/L a9]sf] cltqmd0fsf sf/0f jgsf] leqL cj:yf tyf :j¿k kftlnFb}hfg] qmddf /x]sf] 5 . af;:yfg / vfB pknAwtfsf] cefjsf] kl/0ffd:j¿kdflg; / v]tLkftLdf jGohGt'sf] cfqmd0f klg a9\b} uPsf] 5 . g]kfndf o;k|sf/sf] 36gfnfO{ k|sf]ksf ¿kdf lng] ul/Psf] 5}g . oBlk ablnFbf] kl/l:yltdfjGohGt'sf] cfqmd0fn] k|sf]ksf] cj:yf eg] pTkGg ub} cfPsf] 5 . k|sf]k1fgdfnfsf] o; z[ª\vnfdf xfdL jGohGt'sf] cfqmd0f / /f;folgs b'3{6gfsfaf/]df rrf{ ug]{5f}F . hLjf0f'sf] cfqmd0f / dxfdf/Laf/] k|sf]k 1fgdfnf–!)df ljj]rgf ul/;lsPsf] x'Fbf To; ljifodf oxfF rrf{ ul/g] 5}g .

h}ljs k|sf]k tyf b'3{6gfdflg; tyf dflg;åf/f pTkfbg x'g] vfBfGg, kmnk"mn / t/sf/Lsf] v]tLdflyhLjhGt' tyf hLjf0f'åf/f x'g] cfqmd0fn] dflg; / dfgjLo ;DklQsf] Iflt x'g]cj:yfnfO{ h}ljs k|sf]k elgG5 . o:tf] k|sf]k ;fdfGoh:tf] nfUg] eP klgobfsbf ljgfzsf/L klg x'g ;S5 . ax'nf s's'/ / :ofnn] 6f]s]/ jf ;k{b+zaf6slxn]sfxLF k|sf]khGo cj:yf pTkGg x'g] u/]sf] kfOG5 . o; k|sf/sf] kL8faf6cGo k|sf]ks} h:tf] u|fdL0f If]qsf ;LdfGt ;d'bfo g} a9L kLl8t x'g] u5{g\ .

lbgk|ltlbg al9/x]sf] jftfj/0fLo k|b"if0f tyf hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf sf/0fljZjdf gofF–gofF hLjsf] pTklQ / lj:tf/ x'g] qmd klg tLj| aGb} uPsf] 5 .To;}u/L k[YjLdf /x]sf hLjsf] :j¿k / pkof]lutfdf klg kl/jt{g x'Fb} uPsf]5 . kl/0ffd:j¿k gofF–gofF /f]usf] pTklQ klg x'g yfn]sf] 5 . hg:jf:Yodfk|ToIf tyf ck|ToIf k|efj kfg]{ o:tf /f]ux¿sf] ljsf;nfO{ klg h}ljs cfqmd0fsf]¿kdf lng ;lsG5 . sfnfHjf/, 8F]u'Hj/f], x}hf, h'sf, emf8fafGtfh:tfdxfdf/LnfO{ klg h}ljs cfqmd0fs} ¿kdf lng ;lsG5 .

To;}u/L ljZjdf zlQmsf] xf]8 rln/x]sf] 5 . o'4sf ljleGg vfn] xltof/ /h}ljs xltof/sf] cfljisf/n] dflg; g} dflg;sf] b'Zdgsf ¿kdf b]lvPsf]5 . o'4sf qmddf s'g} nx8L zf;sn] sy+sbflrt h}ljs xltof/sf] k|of]uug]{ cfb]z lbof] eg] ljZjn] clxn];Dds} ;a}eGbf 7"nf] Iflt a]xf]g'{ kg]{5 . o;


sygcg';f/ …3/kfn'jf jf jGohGt', /f]upTkGg ug]{ hLjf0f'sf] cfqmd0f /dflg;åf/f pTkflbt h}ljs xltof/sf] k|of]un] pTkGg ug]{ ljgfzsf/L cj:yfnfO{h}ljs k|sf]k tyf b'3{6gf elgG5 . o:tf] 36gfn] dflg; dg]{ jf 3fOt] x'g] jfcª\ueª\u x'g] tyf dflg;åf/f ul/Psf] v]tLkftLnufot cGo ;DklQ ;d]tgi6 x'g] cj:yf pTkGg x'G5 eg] To;nfO{ h}ljs k|sf]k eGg' kg]{ x'G5 .

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g]kfndf jGohGt'sf] cftª\s lgoldt ¿kdf rln/x]sf] 5 . @)^) ;fn ebf}$ ut] ;'g;/Lsf wgaxfb'/ >]i7n] xfQLnfO{ dfg{ ufpFn]n] yfk]sf] ljB'tLow/fkdf k/L Hofg u'dfP . To;}u/L ;f]xL lhNnfdf xfQLn] pv' v]tL ;vfkkf/]sf] sf/0f /fdaxfb'/ bfxfnn] yfk]sf] ljB'tLo w/fkdf k/L Pp6f xfQLd/]sf] lyof] . ToxL ;fn k'; @# ut] ljB'tLo w/fkd} ;'F8 k/]/ Pp6f xfQL]d/]sf] lyof] eg] emfkfsf] ch'{gwf/fsf] ;fd'bflos jgdf bfp/f vf]Hg uPsfrf/ hgfnfO{ hª\unL xfQLn] df/]sf] lyof] . ToxL jif{ lrtjgdf af3sf]cfqmd0faf6 !@ hgfn] Hofg u'dfPsf lyP . To; af3nfO{ :yfgLojf;Ln]/fhb/af/af6 l;sf/L lemsfP/ dfg'{ k/]sf] lyof] . o:tf 36gf t/fO{ / kxf8Lb'a} If]qdf lgoldt ¿kdf x'g] u5{g\ . o:tf 36gfdf k/L slxn] dflg; d5{g\jf 3fOt] x'G5g\ eg] slxn] To:tf cfqmd0fsf/L jGohGt'nfO{ dflg;n] dfg]{u5{g\ . jGohGt'sf] cfqmd0fsf] o; k|sf/sf] z[ª\vnfn] jGohGt' lsg oltlx+;|s x'Fb}5g\ eg]/ cWoog ug'{kg]{ cj:yf ljsl;t x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . dflg; /jGohGt'aLr rln/x]sf] o; åGån] dflg;nfO{ dfq hf]lvddf kf/]sf] 5}g,jGohGt'sf] ljgfzsf] hf]lvd klg a9b} uPsf] 5 . o; k|sf/sf] åGån] h}ljsljljwtf ;ª\s6fkGg aGb} uPsf] / k|fs[lts ;|f]tdfly dfgjLo kx'Fr 6fl9Fb}uPsf] cg'e"lt ug{ yflnPsf] 5 .

jGohGt' lx+;|s x'g'sf] sf/0frf/ bzscl3;Dd g]kfnsf] b'O{ltxfOeGbf a9L If]qkmn jgn] 9fs]sf] lyof] .To;;dodf htftt} jGohGt' b]Vg kfOg] s'/f xfd|f lktfk'vf{n] ub}{ cfPsf5g\ . t/ otfsf bzsdf jgdfly a9]sf] cltqmd0fn] oqtq kfOg] jGohGt'


b]Vg;d]t d'l:sn x'Fb} uPsf] 5 . sltko jGohGt' nf]k x'g] vt/fdf k/]sf 5g\eg] sltko nf]k eO;s]sf 5g\ . To;}u/L w]/} jGohGt' clxn] ;ª\s6fled'vaGb} uPsf 5g\ . h;n] ubf{ ;+s6fled'v k|hfltnfO{ ;+/lIft jGohGt'sf];"rLdf /fVg'kg]{ cj:yf cfPsf] 5 . clxn] g]kfndf !# k|hfltsf :tgwf/L, $k|sf/sf r/f;lxt clhª\u/ / 3l8ofn uf]xL ;+/lIft jGohGt'sf] ;"rLdf/x]sf 5g\ .

o;/L jGohGt' nf]k x'g' jf ;+s6fled'v k|hfltsf] ;"rLdf kg'{sf] k5fl8jgljgfz g} k|d'v sf/0f b]lvPsf] 5 . cfˆgf] af;:yfg ljv08gsf] rk]6fdfk/]kl5 clwsf+z jGohGt' a;fOF;/fO u/]/ ;'/lIft If]qtkm{ nfUg' jf;Gtfgf]]Tkfbgdf sdL cfP/ nf]k x'g' cfZro{hgs s'/f xf]Og eg] ;fF3'l/Psf]af;:yfgaf6 dfgja:tLlt/ k:g' klg gf}nf] s'/f xf]Og . clwsf+z jgIf]qljgfz x'Fb} jf kftlnFb} uPkl5 ;/sf/åf/f ;+/lIft jg jf /fli6«o lgs'~hx¿dfjGohGt'sf] rfk a9\b} uPsf] kfOG5 . o;/L ;fgf] If]qdf w]/} k|sf/sf / w]/};ª\Vofdf jGohGt' a:g' c;Dej x'g] ePsfn] klg jGohGt' dfgja:tLlt/lg:sg] u5{g\ / b'3{6gf lgDTofpF5g\ .

o;sf ;fy} jGohGt'sf] ljr/0f ug]{ af6f] klg ;fF3'l/Fb} uPsf] 5 . jGohGt'sf]ljr/0f If]q ;Lldt x'Fb} uPsfn] klg cfqmd0f ug]{ jf cfqmd0f x'g] hf]lvddfklg j[l4 x'Fb} uPsf] 5 . pbfx/0fsf] ¿kdf DofGdf/b]lv ef/tsf] cf;fd x'Fb}g]kfnsf] sf]zL gbL 5]p5fpsf] jgIf]q;Dd x'g] xfQLsf] :jtGq cfjthfjtnfO{lng ;lsG5 . x/]s jif{sf] dª\l;/–k';df ̂ ) b]lv &) sf] ;ª\Vofdf cf;fd x'Fb}hª\unL xfQL g]kfn k|j]z ug]{ u/]sf] kfOG5 . o;/L k;]sf xfQLn] ljz]ifu/Lk"jL{ g]kfnsf] emfkf, df]/ª, ;'g;/L, pbok'/;Dd ljt08f dRrfpFb} w]/} wghgsf] Iflt ug]{ u/]sf] 5 .

o;}u/L g]kfndf af3sf] cftª\s klg sd kL8fbfoL 5}g . af3sf] ;+/If0fePsf /fli6«o lgs'~h cf;kf; dfq xf]Og, cGo If]qsf ufpF / ;x/df klgaf3sf] k|j]z x'g] u5{ . s]xL ;fd'bflos jgsf] 3gTj a9\g yfn]kl5 tL jgaf3sf] af;:yfgsf nflu pko'Qm x'g yfn]sf 5g\ . kl/0ffd:j¿k ;fd'bflosjgdf a:g] af3n] 3'dlkm/ ug]{ :yfg gkfpFbf jf cfxf/sf nflu jgdf cGo;fsfxf/L jGohGt' gkfpFbf ltgLx¿ l;sf/sf] vf]hLdf ufpF jf ;x/lt/


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jGohGt'sf] dflg;dfly cfqmd0f x'g' c:jefljs xf]Og . clwsf+z zfsfxf/Lhgfj/ dflg;b]lv efU5g\ eg] df+zfxf/L hgfj/n] obfsbf dflg;nfO{ g}cfqmd0f u5{g\ . d"ntM clwsf+z hgfj/n] dflg;af6 cfk"mdfly vt/f pTkGgx'g] ;Defjgf b]v]df dfq dflg;dfly cfqmd0f u5{g\ jf nv]6\5g\ . t/ xfQLzfsfxf/L jGohGt' ePklg p;n] dflg;nfO{ ljgfsf/0f g} klg nv]6\g] jf dfg]{u5{ . s'g} af3n] Psk6s dflg;sf] l;sf/ u/]/ vfPsf] 5 eg] To;nfO{g/eIfL af3 elgG5 . To:tf] af3n] dflg;nfO{ h'g;'s} ;dodf e]6]df jfb]v]df klg cfqmd0f ug{ ;S5 . ctM o:tf hgfj/af6 x'g;Sg] cfqmd0faf6aRg] pkfosf] vf]hL ug'{ g} ;a}eGbf a'l4dfgL 7xl/g]5 .

To;}u/L g]kfnsf] t/fO{ If]qdf xfQLsf] cfqmd0fdf k/L jif]{gL bh{geGbf a9Ldflg;sf] d[To' x'g] u/]sf] cg'dfg 5 eg] 7"nf] dfqfdf wfg, ux'F, pv', t/sf/LafnLgi6 x'g] u/]sf] 5 . jGohGt'af6 s'g jif{ slt dflg;sf] d[To' eof] jf sltwgdfnsf] Iflt eof] eGg] tYofªsLo clen]v PsLs[t ug]{ Joj:yf gePsfn];/sf/n] ;d]t To:tf] tYofª\s lbg ;Sg] cj:yf 5}g .


sltko tYofª\ssf] ;ª\sng k|lqmof g} q'l6k"0f{ /x]sf] cg'dfg ug{ ;lsG5 .ljZjs} k|l;4 Psl;ª] u}F8fsf] cfqmd0faf6 klg dflg;sf] d[To' x'g] u/]sf] 5 .lrtjg /fli6«o lgs'~hsf] dWojtL{ If]qdf 3fF;bfp/fsf nflu jg k:g] pkef]Qmfn]slxn]sfxLF u}F8fsf] l;sf/ x'g' k/]sf] 36gf ;'Gg kfOG5 . o; jif{ dfq} u}F8fsf]cfqmd0fsf sf/0f To; If]qdf Ps hgfsf] d[To' ePsf] 5 . t/ o:tf 36gfsf]hfgsf/L ;~rf/sf] ;'ljwf ePsf ;x/ / ;x/cf;kf;sf If]qaf6 dfq cfpg]u/]sf] 5 . d'n'ssf] b'u{d ufpFdf jGohGt'sf] cfqmd0faf6 d[To' ePsf] hfgsf/Lcfpg' lgs} sl7g x'G5 / To;k|lt sltko dflg;sf] rf;f] klg /x]sf] x'Fb}g .

h] eP klg jGohGt'sf] cfqmd0faf6 eO/x]sf] hgwgsf] Iflt lgoGq0fsf nflu;/sf/n] ljz]if /0fgLlt clVtof/ ug'{ cfjZos b]lvG5 . plrt ;/sf/Lk|of;af6 dfq} h}ljs ljljwtf tyf dfgj hgwgsf] Ifltsf] /f]syfd ug{;lsG5 . oBlk h}ljs ljljwtfsf] Bf]tssf ¿kdf /x]sf o:tf jGohGt'sf];+/If0f ug'{ dflg;sf] bfloTj g} xf], t/ ltgLx¿af6 x'g] cfqmd0flj¿4 cfˆgf]k|lt/Iff ug'{ klg clwsf/ xf] . t}klg jGohGt'sf] l;sf/ ug'{eGbf ltgLx¿sf]cfqmd0faf6 aRg] pkfosf] vf]hL ug'{ jftfj/0fLo tyf kl/l:yltsLo b[li6sf]0fn];fGble{s x'g]5 . jGohGt'sf] cfqmd0f x'g;Sg] If]qdf a;f]af; ug]{ ;d'bfon];fjwfgL ckgfP/ cfˆgf] ;'/Iff ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . o;sf nflu lgDg ljifodfWofg lbPdf klg jGohGt'sf] cfqmd0faf6 aRg ;xof]u ldN5 M

g/eIfL af3 ePsf] hª\un 5]p5fp a;f]af; ug]{ ufpFn]n] laxfg} jf/flt 3/af6 aflx/ lgl:sg x'Fb}g . h¿/L sfd k/]/ lgl:sg' k/]df5/l5d]sLsf] ;xof]udf ;d"xdf dfq lgl:sg'k5{ .

dlxnf, afnaflnsf, a"9fa'9LnfO{ PSn} jgleq / jgsf] 5]p5fp hfglbg' x'Fb}g .

3/ jf ufpF 5]p5fpsf] jgdf af3 ePsf] cfef; ePdf 3/kfn'jfhgfj/sf uf]7 jf vf]/ alnof] agfpg'k5{ jf cfjZos ;'/Iffsf]Joj:yf ug'{k5{ .

af3nfO{ a:tLlt/ cfpg glbg dflg;sf] jf cGo cfsf/sf k'Tnf

agfP/ v]taf/L, 3/uf]7 5]p5fp /fVg'k5{, To;f] ugf{n] af3 jf cGo


jGohGt' klg cfjf; If]qleq k|j]z ug{ 8/fpg ;S5g\ .

;/sf/L bfloTjjftfj/0fLo tyf kl/l:yltsLo k|0ffnLsf] ;+/If0fsf lx;fan] klg jGohGt'sf]

;+/If0f ug'{ h¿/L 5 . nf]kf]Gd'v / ;ª\s6fkGg jGohGt' t s'g} Ps b]zsf

nflu dfq ;Dkbfsf ¿kdf /xg] cj:yf gePsfn] o:tf jGohGt'nfO{ cGt/f{li6«o

;Dkbfsf] ¿kdf :jLsf/ ug]{ ul/Psf] 5 . To;}n] o:tf b'n{e jGohGt'sf]

l;sf/ ug'{ jf dflg;dfly cfqmd0f u/]sf] cj:yfdf dfl/xfNg' klg pko'Qm

x'Fb}g . To;}n] jGohGt'sf] cfqmd0f x'g;Sg] If]qdf ;/sf/n] ljz]if ;'/Iff

k|aGw ug'{ ;/sf/sf] bfloTj x'g cfpF5 . s'g jGohGt'n] s'g If]qdf s'g

;dodf cfqmd0f u5{g\ eGg] cWoog ljZn]if0faf6 hf]lvdsf] klxrfg u/LltgLx¿nfO{ dfgja:tLleq k:g glbg ckgfpg' kg]{ ;ts{tf tyf pkfosf]lgwf{/0f ug'{ cfjZos 5 . o;sf nflu ;/sf/n] h}ljs dfu{ lgwf{/0f u/Ldflg;sf] k|j]z jf cltqmd0f lgif]lwt If]q lgwf{/0f ug'{ /fd|f] x'G5 . gful/ssf];'/Iffsf nflu jGohGt' lgoGq0f b:tfsf ¿kdf hgkb jf z;:q k|x/LnfO{tflnd lbnfpg] / To:tf] bIf hgzlQmnfO{ ;Defljt hf]lvdsf If]qdf kl/rfngug]{ Joj:yf u/]df hgtfn] ;'/Iffsf] cg'e"lt ug{ kfpg] 5g\ .

jGohGt'sf] cfqmd0fdf k/L d/]sfsf nflu plrt Ifltk"lt{ lbg], 3fOt]sf]pkrf/sf] k|efjsf/L aGbf]a:t ug]{ / Iflt ePsf] wgdfnsf] plrt Ifltk"lt{pknAw u/fpg] h:tf Joj:yf ug'{ klg ;/sf/sf] bfloTjleq g} k5{ . To;}n]o:tf] ljifodf ;/sf/n] cfjZos gLlt / lgod agfpg' h¿/L 5 . To;sf]nflu ;/sf/n] ljleGg ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfo tyf ;j{;fwf/0f;Fu k/fdz{u/L ;'emj ;ª\sng ug'{k5{ .


/f;folgs b'3{6gf tyfo;af6 aRg] pkfo

ljZjdf 7"N7"nf pBf]usf] :yfkgf ePsf 5g\ . o'/]lgod k|zf]wg u/L cf0fljspmhf{ pTkfbg ug]{ dfq xf]Og, o'4sf nflu pkof]u x'g] xltof/ klg pTkfbgug]{ k|rng a9\b} uPsf] 5 . k"jL{ / klZrdL d'n'saLr a9\b} uPsf] j}rfl/slje]bsf sf/0f rn]sf] ;}4flGts emu8fn] o'4sf] ¿k lng]5}g eGg ;lsg]cj:yf /x]sf] klg 5}g .

ljZjn] k|frLgsfnb]lv g} o'4sf] kL8f ef]Ub} cfPsf] 5 . k|frLg o'udf ePsfwfld{s o'4n] clxn] klg d'lQm kfpg ;s]sf] 5}g . ljZjJofkL ¿kdf cftª\sdRrfO/x]sf] cnsfobf gfds ;ª\u7gn] jt{dfg o'udf klg wfld{s o'4sf]gfddf ljZjdf ;ª\s6 pTkGg ul//x]sf] 5 . /fhgLlts ¿kdf rn]sf] zlQmsf]xf]8sf sf/0f ljZjn] klxnf] / bf];|f] o'4sf] kL8f klg ef]lu;s]sf] 5 . bf];|f]ljZjo'4df cd]l/sfn] hfkfgdfly v;fn]sf] cf0fljs adn] u/]sf] ljgfznfO{ljZjs} b'ef{Uosf] ¿kdf lng] ul/Psf] 5 . o:tf] o'4 km]l/ klg gxf]nf eGg;lsg] cj:yf 5}g . oltv]/ cd]l/sfn] O/fsdfly u/]sf] cfqmd0fn] klg efjLljZjo'4sf] vfsf tof/ u/]sf] xf] ls eGg] cfzª\sf pTkGg ePsf] kfOG5 .

o;sf ;fy} ljZjdf cGtb]{zLo tyf cG/f{li6«o ¿ksf ;fgf–7"nf o'4 rln/x]sf5g\ . o; qmddf ljleGg k|sf/sf xltof/sf] k|of]u eO/x]sf] 5, h;df s'g} gs'g} k|sf/sf] /f;folgs tTjsf] k|of]u eO/x]sf] 5 . ;dfhdf ljb|f]x x'Fbf,;fd'lxs emu8f x'Fbf jf ;/sf/ / ;dfhsf Ot/kIfaLr em8k x'Fbf k|of]u x'g]c>'Uof;nfO{ klg /f;folgs xltof/sf] k|of]usf ¿kdf lng ;lsG5 . ;fdfGo¿kdf o; Uof;n] dflg;sf] cfFvfdf dfq k|efj k/]sf] cg'e"lt eP klg o:tf]Uof; lg/Gt/ k|of]u eO/xFbf To;n] bL3{sfnLg k|efj kf5{ eGg] lj1x¿sf]egfOnfO{ cjx]ngf ug{ ldNb}g . o;/L ljZjdf rln/x]sf] zlQmsf] xf]8 / To;k|lqmofdf k|of]u x'g] /;folgs xftxltof/n] k|sf]kpGd'v cj:yfsf] pTklQu/]sf] 5 . To;}n] dflg;åf/f pTkfbg ePsf /;fogsf] k|of]usf sf/0f pTkGgx'g] k|sf]knfO{ /f;folgs k|sf]k elgG5 eg] pmhf{ tyf /f;folgs kbfy{


pTkfbg ug]{ 7"nf pBf]udf s'g} sf/0fn] b'3{6gf eP/ hgwgsf] Iflt ePdfTo;nfO{ /f;folgs b'3{6gf elgG5 . o:tf b'3{6gfaf6 /]l8of]wdL{ ljls/0fsf]r'xfj6 x'g] jf cGo /f;folgs tTjsf] r'xfj6 eP/ dfgjLo Ifltsf ;fy}jftfj/0f klg g/fd|/L k|b"lift x'G5 . /]l8of]wdL{sf] r'xfj6 ;a}eGbf ljgfzsf/LdflgG5 . o;n] k|sf]khGo 36gfsf] ;dodf dfq geP/ bzsf}F;Dd cfˆgf]k|efj sfod /fV5 . ;g\ !($% df cd]l/sfn] hfkfgsf] lx/f]l;df / gfuf;fsLdfv;fn]sf] adsf] k|efj jt{dfg k':tfn] ;d]t ef]lu/x'g k/]sf] oyfy{ g} o;sf]HjnGt pbfx/0f xf] .

;fdfGotof /]l8of]wdL{ ;fdu|Lsf] pTkfbg, e08f/0f / 9'jfgL ubf{ c;fjwfgLsfsf/0f ;+of]ua; x'g] /;fogsf] r'xfj6af6 x'g] Ifltsf] ;'/Iff g} ljZjJofkL;fj{hlgs rf;f]sf] ljifo ag]sf] 5 . /;fogsf] k|of]]u hgfj/dfly ug'{ jfb'3{6gfa; /;fog pgLx¿dfly r'lxg'h:tf 36gfn] z/L/sf] afXo tyf leqLb'a} efudf k|efj kf5{ . /f;folgs b'3{6gfaf6 k|ToIf ¿kdf kg]{ tyf ck|ToIf¿kdf kg]{ k|efj b'a}n] 7"nf] If]qsf ;d'bfo k|efljt x'g] u5{g\ . o;k|sf/ljZjdf h}ljs tyf /f;folgs b'3{6gfn] k|sf]ksf] hf]lvd a9fO/x]sf] oyfy{nfO{:ki6 kf5{ . o:tf b'3{6gfn] dfgjlgld{t ;+/rgfdf ;d]t Jofks Iflt x'g]u/]sf] 5 / o; qmdn] ljsf;dfly 7"nf] r'gf}tL k|bfg u/]sf] 5 .

/f;folgs b'3{6gfsf s]xL k|;ª\u

xflgsf/s /;folgs j:t'sf] pTkfbg, 9'jfgL jf k|of]u ubf{ x'g] cfsl:dsIfltsf 36gfnfO{ g} /;folgs b'3{6gf elgG5 . ljiffQm tyf xflgsf/s ;fdu|Lsf]cgk]lIft r'xfj6 jf oL ;fdu|L;Fu ;DalGwt xflgsf/s 36gf g} /;folgsb'3{6gf x'g\ . ljiffQm kbfy{sf] e08f/0f, 9'jfgL jf pkof]u ubf{ r'xfj6sf]sf/0fn] /;folgs b'3{6gf eP tfklg vf; b'3{6gf pTkfbg tyf e08f/0fsf/vfgfdf g} x'g] u5{ . o:t} b'3{6gfsf] pbfx/0fdf ef/tsf] ef]kfn k|fGtsf]Ps pBf]udf ;g\ !(*$ df ePsf] ljiffQm /;fog -/]l8of]wdL{ ljls/0f_ sf]r'xfj6n] sl/a b'O{ xhf/ kfFr ;o dflg;sf] Hofg lnPsf] lyof] . ;f] 36gfaf6xhf/f}F dflg; ckfª\u ag]sf lyP eg] clxn] klg To;sf] k|efj lg:t]h x'g;s]sf] 5}g .

To;}u/L ;g\ !(*^ df :jL6h/Nof0sf] af;]ndf glhs}sf] kfgLsf] ;|f]tdf


kf/f], cf]uf{gf]kmf]:km]6 laiffQm tyf cGo /;fog ldl;P/ /fOg]gbLdf kfFrnfveGbf a9L df5f gi6 eof] .

To:t} /f;folgs b'3{6gf o'/f]kdf klg ePsf] lyof] . ;g\ !(&^ df o'/f]kdfePsf] /f;folgs b'3{6gfnfO{ ;]e];f] b'3{6gfsf ¿kdf lrlgG5 . o; b'3{6gfaf6o'/f]kn] ef]u]sf] kL8f eljiodf k'gM gbf]xf]l/of];\ eg]/ /f;folgs b'3{6gflgoGq0f sfg'gsf] nfu" eof] . o'/f]kdf nfu" ePsf] o; sg'gnfO{ g} ;]e];f]lgb]{z gfdn] lrlgg yflnPsf] 5 .

;g\ !(&^ df O6fnLsf] ;]e];f] eGg] 7fpFdf /x]sf] ljiffbL pTkfbg ug]{ /;folgs;+oGqdf ePsf] b'3{6gfdf 6]6«fSnf]/f] l8a]Ghf]kf/fl8cf]lS;g 3gf w"jfFsf] ¿kdfcf0fljs e§Laf6 r'xfj6 eof] . o; /;fogsf] k|of]u 6«fOSnf]/f]km]gf]n pTkfbgug{ ul/GYof] . o;sf] cnfjf pQm e§Ldf pTkGg clgolGqt afXotfkLok|ltlqmofsf sf/0f cToGt} ljiffn' sfl;{gf]h]lgs /;fog / /]l8of]wdL{ ljls/0fklg pT;h{g ePsf] lyof] . o; /;fogaf6 ePsf] c;/af/] s]xL dflg;afx]scGo ;j{;fwf/0f gful/sn] tTsfn s'g} k|sf/sf] ;"rgf kfpg ;s]sf lyPgg\ .e§Laf6 dflg;df tTsfn} c;/ kfg]{ tTjsf] pT;h{g dfq ePsf] lyPg, To;n]tL; lsnf]ld6/eGbf aflx/sf] kl/lw;Dd cfˆgf] kmF8f lkmFhfPsf] lyof] . o;36gfaf6 To; If]qsf ;Dk"0f{ v]tLafnLdf c;/ k'u]sf] lyof] eg] ^)) eGbfa9L dflg; ;f] :yfgaf6 lj:yflkt x'g' k/]sf] lyof] . o; b'3{6gfdf k/]/ sltdflg;sf] d[To' ePsf] lyof] eGg] tYofª\s geP klg b'O{ xhf/eGbf a9Ldflg;nfO{ ;+j]bgzLn cj:yfdf :jf:Yo;]jf k|bfg ug'{ k/]sf] lyof] .

/f;folgs b'3{6gf lgoGq0f

/f;folgs r'xfj6 jf ljikmf]6sf 36gfnfO{ lgoGq0f ug{ k|fylds /f]syfd jfcfGtl/s ;'/Iffsf] ¿kdf …;'wfl/Psf] ;'/Iff k|0ffnLÚb]lv /;fogsf] k|of]u tyflgdf{0fdf ;d"n kl/jt{g Nofpg'k5{ . o:tf pBf]u ;~rfng ug]{ ;/sf/Llgsfo jf lghL If]qsf k|lti7fgx¿n] s'g} klg ljiffQm /;fogsf]e08f/0f;DaGwdf /x]sf hfgsf/L ;fj{hlgs ¿kdf pknAw u/fpg'kg]{ sfg'gLJoj:yf ePdf o;sf] c;'/lIft pkof]udf lgoGq0f x'g] ;Defjgf /xG5 .o:tf hfgsf/Ldf cfwfl/t /x]/ gful/sn] Hofbf ljiffQm r'xfj6 x'g ;Sg];ª\s6fled'v If]qsf] klxrfg u/L ;'/Iffsf j}slNks pkfosf] cjnDag ug{


;S5g\ . /;folgs b'3{6gfsf] h8 sf/0f kQf nufO{ ;'/Iffsf nflu ckgfpg'kg]{ ljifonfO{ ;+j]bgzLntfsf ;fy :jLsf/ u/]/ ;Defljt efjL k|sf]ksf]/f]syfd ug{ ;lsG5 .

/f;folgs pBf]uleq x'g] b'3{6gfnfO{ ljZjJofkL ;d:ofsf ¿kdf :jLsf/ ug{yflnPsf] 5 . oBlk pmhf{ pTkfbgsf] nIo lnP/ :yfkgf x'g] cf0fljs e§Ldfx'g] b'3{6gf Hofb} ljgfzsf/L x'G5 . o;sf] lgoGq0fsf nflu s;/L cufl8a9\g ;lsG5 eGg] pbfx/0f ;f]e];f] 36gfkl5 ePsf] ;'wf/nfO{ pbfx/0fsf¿kdf lng ;lsG5 .

;]e];f] 36gfkl5sf] k|of;

;]e];f] 36gf ePsf] !^ jif{kl5 cyf{t\ ;g\ !((@ df ;]e];f] lgb]{znfO{o'/f]kel/ g} sfg'gL b:tfj]hsf] ¿kdf :jLsf/ ug]{ sfd ;DkGg eof] . o;lgb]{zg tyf gLlt xfn;Dddf b'O{ k6s ;'wf/ ug]{ sfd ePsf] 5 . gLlt;'wf/sf] p2]Zo vt/fo'Qm kbfy{sf] e08f/0fnfO{ hg:jf:Yok|lt ;r]t /x]/ ug{;'/lIft jftfj/0f tof/ ug]{ / eljiodf :yfkgf x'g] cf0fljs e§Lsf] ;'/IffJoj:yfdf ;'wf/ Nofpg] /x]sf] lyof] . o; lgb]{zs gLltnfO{ :jLsf/ ug]{;b:o /fi6«x¿n] sfg'g ;~rfng tyf k|zf;gdf bIftf Nofpg tyfJoj:yfkgnfO{ cem k|efjsf/L / z;Qm agfpg b'O{ jif{;Dd klv{g' k/]sf]lyof] . !((( sf] km]a|'c/L tLgb]lv o; lgb]{zs l;4fGtsf] bfloTjnfO{ afWofTds¿kdf ;b:o /fi6«sf ;a} pBf]un] kfngf ug'{kg]{ s8f Joj:yf pNn]v ul/of] .

;]e];f]sf] bf];|f] ;++zf]wgn] To:tf If]qsf] lgoldt k'g/fjnf]sg u/L ;'/IffsflgldQ cfjZos kg]{ Joj:yfkg k|0ffnL, cfsl:ds of]hgf tyf e"pkof]uof]hgf tof/ u/L ;b:o /fi6«n] ;f] cg'¿k x'g] k|To]s k/LIf0fsf] kfngf ug'{kg]{Joj:yf klg u/]sf] 5 .

/;fogsf] hf]lvd / Joj:yfkg

dflg;n] b}lgs cfjZostfsf j:t'sf] k"lt{sf nflu cfˆgf] Ifdtf, bIftf /;|f]tsf] nufgL ug'{ k|fs[lts lgods} Ps cª\u xf] . o:tf cfjZostf k"lt{ ug{pTkfbg x'g] x/]s j:t'df s'g} g s'g} k|sf/sf] /;fog ldl;Psf] x'G5 . ljgf/;fog s'g} cf}Bf]lus j:t'sf] pTkfbg x'G5 eg]/ ;f]Rg' g} ;a}eGbf 7"nf] q'l6


x'g cfpF5 . /f]usf] /f]syfd tyf lgoGq0f ug{, s[lif pTkfbsTjdf j[l4 Nofpg/ cf}Bf]lus pTkfbgnfO{ cfly{s ljsf;sf] d]¿b08 agfpg /;fogsf] 7"nf]e"ldsf /x]sf] 5 . k|To]s jif{ ljZjahf/df Ps xhf/ gofF /;fog ylkg]u5{g\ . jt{dfg ;dodf ljZjdf sl/a Ps nfv k|sf/sf /;fogx¿ k|of]udf5g\ . Joj;flos pTkfbgsf k|foM j:t'df /;fogsf] c+z kfpg ;lsG5 .ljZjdf xfn;Dd kQf nfu]sf jf pTkGg eO;s]sf /;fogsf] ;ª\Vof bznfv eGbfa9L eO;s]sf] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 .

/f;folgs tTjsf] pTkfbg tyf pkof]usf b[li6n]] klg /ª\ufpg] / kf]Tg] /ªpTkfbg ug]{, cf}iflw / cGo ljifflb pTkfbg ug]{ / ljz]if /;fogx¿sf]pTkfbg ug]{ pBf]ux¿ /x]sf cf;kf;sf If]q b'3{6gfsf hf]lvddf k5{g\ .o:tf pBf]un] ahf/sf] dfucg'¿k h}ljs / ch}ljs /;fogx¿ pTkfbg ug]{u5{g\ . s]xL ljz]if /;fog dfq pTkfbg ug]{ pBf]ux¿df sfl:6s ;f]8f, sfa{gANofs, km]gf]n, P;]l6s Pl;8, ldyfgf]n / chf]8fO /x]sf 5g\ . ef/tdf/;fogsf] pTkfbg ug]{ pBf]u ;du| ef/tsf] cf}wf]lus b[iodf tLj| ¿kdfljsl;t eO/x]sf 5g\ . ef/tdf /;fog / o;sf ;xof]uL tTjsf] pTkfbgug]{ pBf]ux¿sf] ljsf; tLj| ultdf x'g' v'nf ;Ldf ePsf] g]kfnh:tf] d'n'ssfnflu hf]lvdk"0f{ ljifo xf] . lsgeg] ef/tdf pTkfbg x'g] o:tf /;fogo'Qmljifflb tyf dn g]kfnsf] ahf/df a]/f]s6f]s lelqg] u/]sf] kfOG5 . ;g\@))!–@))@ df /;folgs kbfy{sf] ljZj lgof{taf6 dfq ef/tn] sl/a !@)ca{ ¿k}ofF nfe k|fKt u/]sf] lyof] . ;f] lgof{t ef/tsf] ;du| lgof{t Jofkf/dWo]!^=@) k|ltzt /x]sf] lyof] .

/;folgs pBf]uaf6 x'g] hf]lvd o;sf] tLj| ljsf;;Fu} a9\b} uPsf] 5 . gofFpBf]ux¿sf] :yfkgf, gofF /;fogsf] klxrfg / pTkfbgn] ahf/df 5fk 5f]8\g]ePsfn] o;sf] pTkfbg klg tLj| ultdf j[l4 eO/x]sf] 5 . o:tf pBf]udf x'g]b'3{6gfsf] hf]lvd t dflg;n] em]Ng' k/]sf] 5 g}, /f;folgs kbfy{sf] ld>0faf6pTkGg x'g ;Sg] b'3{6gfsf] vt/f To;eGbf a9L xflgsf/s x'G5 . To;}n]/;fogsf] k|of]u x'Fbf pTkGg x'g] k|ltlqmof tyf o;sf] hLjgrqmsf] cWoogn]o;af6 k|fKt x'g] nfe–xflg tyf kmfObf / vt/fsf] cfsng ug'{k5{ . /f;folgsb'3{6gf ;Lldt / obfsbf x'g] eP klg o;n] ef]kfndf h:t} 7"nf] Iflt k'¥ofpg


;S5 . /;fogn] o;sf] jl/kl/sf] jftfj/0fdf w]/} c;/ k'¥ofpg] x'Fbf o;sf]hf]lvdsf] ;Defjgf hlxn] klg /lx/x]sf] x'G5 .

To;}n] /;fog pBf]ux¿n] ;'/Iffsf] pTs[i6 k|aGw ug'{ lgtfGt h¿/L x'G5 .pBf]u :yfkgf / ;~rfng ubf{ lgDg ljifodf pBdLsf] Wofg hfg'k5{ M

pBf]u :yfkgf

pBf]usf] :j¿k lgwf{/0f tyf klxn] lgwf{l/t :j¿ksf] k'g/fjnf]sg u/L/;fogsf] hf]lvd ljZn]if0f ug]{ / ;'/Iff Joj:yfkgsf k|lqmofsf] lgwf{/0f ug'{k5{ . pBf]u :yfkgf ug]{ If]qsf] ef}uf]lns, ;fdflhs cj:yfsf] ljZn]if0f ub}{ljB'tLo ;'/Iff, ;'/Iffn]vf, cfsl:ds of]hgf, tflnd cflb k|aGw u/]/ hf]lvdJoj:yfkgsf sfo{ ug'{k5{ . pBf]u, pBf]udf sfo{ ug]{ sd{rf/L / cf;kf;sf]hf]lvd If]qdf a;f]af; ug]{ hg;d'bfosf] /;fogaf6 kg]{ c;/sf] x/]s If]qdfaLdf ug'{ klg hf]lvd Joj:yfkgsf] Ps kxn x'G5 .

lgodsf] kfngfpBf]u :yfkgf x'g'klxn] jf kl5 klg pBf]udf x'g;Sg] cGo b'3{6gfsf] cj:yfdfclUg ;'/Iff, sfdbf/ tyf sd{rf/Lsf] k]zfut jf :jf:Yo ;'/Iff, ljB'tLohf]lvd cflb cj:yfsf] ljZn]if0f u/L hf]lvd Joj:yfkg ug'{k5{ .

;'/Iff Joj:yfkg

pBf]u ;~rfngsf qmddf hf]lvd Joj:yfkgsf ;DalGwt ;a} If]qsf] cWoogtyf cg';Gwfg u/L ;kmn jf c;kmntfsf 36gfsf] ljZn]if0f u/L efjL/0fgLlt agfpg'k5{ . o; cj:yfdf ;fdfGo ljZn]if0f, k|fylds ljZn]if0f /cfGtl/s ljZn]if0f ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . o:tf] ljZn]if0fn] hf]lvd Joj:yfkgnfO{;3fpF5 .

ljB'tLo hf]lvd cg'dfg

ljB'tLo hf]lvdsf b[li6n] pBf]udf /x]sf] ;jf{lws vt/fo'Qm jf ;'/lIftIf]qsf] juL{s/0f / k'g/fjnf]sg u/L ;f]xL cg';f/ hf]lvdsf] cg'dfgnufpg'k5{ . hf]lvdsf] :j¿kcg';f/ ;'/Iffsf] Joj:yfsf nflu cfjZosk|aGw klg ldnfpg'k5{ .


clUg hf]lvd cfsngpBf]u :yfkgf ePsf] kl/;/sf] klg juL{s/0f ug'{k5{ . cfunfuLsf b[li6n] s'gIf]q jf :yfg a9L hf]lvdo'Qm 5 tyf /;fogsf] k|flKt, e08f/0f, x:tfGt/0ftyf ;~rfngsf ;dodf cfuf]af6 x'g;Sg] ;Defljt hf]lvdsf] klxrfg ug'{h¿/L x'G5 . k|HHjngzLn /;fogsf] e08f/, k|of]u, x:tfGt/0f x'g] If]qdfcfuf] pTkGg ug]{ ;|f]tsf] klxrfg u/L To:tf ;|f]tsf] k"0f{ ¿kdf lgoGq0f ug]{k|aGw ldnfpg'k5{ .

;ª\s6sfnLg of]hgf

pBf]udf sfo{/t sd{rf/L tyf sfdbf/sf] ;'/Iffsf nflu plrt Joj:yfldnfpg'kg]{ x'G5 . pBf]u :yfkgf ePsf] ef}uf]lns :j¿k, ;fdflhs ;+/rgf,dfgjLo hLjgz}nL cflbn] sfdbf/sf] ;'/Iff Joj:yfsf] lgwf{/0fnfO{ ;xof]uk'U5 . dfgjhLjgsf] Iflt, ;DklQsf] ljgfz ug]{ ;Defljt k|sf]ksf] kl/b[iosfcfwf/df To;sf] Ifdtfsf] cfsng ug'{k5{ . ;Defljt 36gf / To;af6kg{;Sg] k|efjsf] ljZn]if0f u/]/ ;ª\s6sfnLg of]hgf tof/ ug'{k5{ . o:tf]of]hgf tof/ ubf{ ;Defljt hf]lvdsf] lgoGq0f ug]{ pkfox¿sf] l;kmfl/;,:ynut k"j{tof/L of]hgfsf] lgwf{/0fh:tf sfo{ klg ug'{k5{ .

aLdf of]hgf

/f;folgs pBf]udf /x]sf] cfGtl/s / afXo hf]lvd Joj:yfkgsf nfluaLdfsf] Joj:yf ug'{ /fd|f] x'G5 . aLdf ug'{cl3 cfGtl/s / afXo ¿kdf x'g;Sg] hf]lvdsf] klxrfg / ljz]if0f ug'{k5{ . hf]lvd lgoGq0fsf ljBdfgpkfosf] k'g/fjnf]sg / ;dLIff ug'{k5{ . o;sf ;fy} ljBdfg aLdf gLltx¿sf]cWoog u/L o;sf] If]q, cfwf/e"t lk|ldod b/ / To;sf] ljZj;gLotf,lk|ldodf lbOg] 5'6sf] :j¿k / ljZj;gLotfsf] k|Tofe"ltsf] ;DaGwdf klgWofg lbg'k5{ . o;/L ul/Psf] aLdf Joj:yfn] pBf]usf] hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fdf;3fp k'U5 .

hf]lvd Joj:yfkg ug{] tflnd

pBf]usf] cfGtl/s tyf afXo ;'/Iffsf nflu sd{rf/L, sfdbf/ / ;'/IffsdL{nfO{bIf k|fljlws jf ljz]if1af6 hf]lvd Joj:yfkg s]lGb|t tflnd lbg] Joj:yf


ldnfpg'k5{ . o:tf] tflndn] sd{rf/L tyf sfdbf/sf] Ifdtf clej[l4 ug]{ /pBf]u tyf sf/vfgfsf] ;'/Iffdf k|efjsf/L e"ldsf lgjf{x ug]{ u5{ . lj1x¿sf]pkl:ylt, ;fjwfgLsf ;fy 5gf}6 ul/Psf tflndsf gd'gf, cGtlqm{ofTdstyf ;xeflutfd"ns ljlw, pkof]uL tflnd ;fdu|L, ePsf 36gf tyf cj:yfsf]cWoog, ;ª\u7gfTds cEof; cflbn] hf]lvd Joj:yfkgdf k|efjsf/L e"ldsflgjf{x u5{ . o;/L k|bfg ul/g] tflndsf ljifoj:t' lgDgcg';f/ x'g ;S5g\ M

/f;folgs ;'/Iff,e08f/0f ul/Psf Uof;sf] b'3{6gf–;'/Iff,/;fog ;lDd>0faf6 x'g;Sg] b'3{6gf–;'/Iff,hf]lvd klxrfgsf ljlw,cf}Bf]lus hf]lvd Joj:yfkg,cfunfuLsf] /f]syfd tyf ;'/Iff,ljB'tLo hf]lvd Joj:yfkg,;ª\s6sfnLg tof/L,

;'/Iff Joj:yfkg k|0ffnL,

b'3{6gfsf] /f]syfd,

JolQmut tyf ;fdflhs ;'/Iff Joj:yfkg cflb .

ljiffQm Uof;sf] pTkfbg x'g] /f;folgs ;+oGqsf] ;~rfngdf ;'/Iff Joj:yfsf];jf{lws dxTj /xG5 . /;folgs ;+oGqsf] :j¿kcg'¿k ;'/Iffsf ljljwkIfsf] ljZn]if0f u/]/ pTs[i6 ;'/Iff vfsf 5gf]6 ug'{k5{, h;n] pBf]u /;Defljt b'3{6gfaf6 k|efj kg]{ If]qsf dflg;sf] ;'/Iffsf] k|Tofe"lt lbg;sf];\ .

/f;folgs b'3{6gfsf] k|efj tTsfnLg / bL3{sfnLg ¿kdf klg kg]{ ePsf]n]of] Hofb} ljgfzsf/L x'G5 . To;}n] b'3{6gf ePkl5 To;sf] pkrf/ ug'{eGbf/f]syfd ug'{ g} ;a}eGbf pQd Joj:yfkg xf] .


pk;+xf/h}ljs tyf /f;folgs b'3{6gfsf If]q ;Lldt ePklg o;n] kfg]{ k|lts"n k|efjsf If]qeg] Jofks g} /x]sf 5g\ . ljZjdf k|of]udf cfPsf ljleGg /;fogn] dflg;sf] hLjg/ hLljsf]kfh{gsf x/]s cfofddf c;/ kfl//x]sf] x'G5 . s[lifafnLdf /f]usf hLjf0f'/ sL/fn] ug]{ cfqmd0f / To;sf] lgoGq0fdf k|o'Qm ljifflb tyf o;n] jftfj/0fdfkfg]{ c;/sf af/]df klg ;a}n] hfgsf/L lng'kg]{ x'G5 . o; ljifodf hfgsf/L lngsfo{/t ;DalGwt lgsfo tyf s[lif ljsf; sfof{nox¿;Dd k'Ug'kg]{ x'g ;S5 . tLlgsfox?;Fu cfjZos k/fdz{ u/L s:tf] ljifflb slt dfqfdf k|of]u ug]{ / o;sf]k|efjsf/Ltf s:tf] 5 eGg]af/]df ;f]wLvf]hL ug'{ /fd|f] x'G5 . To;}u/L g]kfnsf];Gbe{df jGohGt'sf] cfqmd0fnfO{ cln a9L dxTj lbP/ x]g'{ h¿/L b]lvPsf] 5 .g]kfnsf ljleGg efudf ax'nf hgfj/sf] cfqmd0f, xfQL, af3, u}F8fh:tf hgfj/af6x'g] cfqmd0faf6 u|fdL0f / ;x/L b'a} If]qsf gful/s c;'/lIft dx;'; ug{ afWo /x]sf5g\ . ;/sf/n] jGohGt'sf] ;'/Iff tyf lgoGq0fdf plrt Joj:yfkg k|0ffnL ckgfP/;j{;fwf/0fdf ;'/Iffsf] k|Tofe"lt lbg ;Sg' kb{5 .

/f;folgs b'3{6gfaf6 x'g;Sg] Iflt Go"gLs/0fsf ljleGg pkfox¿ x'g ;S5g\ . 7"nfpBf]usf] :yfkgfsf qmddf jftfj/0fLo k|efj d'Nofª\sg ug]{ sfg'gL Joj:yf /x]sf]5 . jftfj/0fLo k|efj d'Nofª\sgaf6 k|fKt ;'emfjsf cfwf/df cfjZos gLltth'{df u/L sfof{Gjog ug]{ / gLltcg'¿k sfd eP gePsf] cg'udg ug]{ kxndf;/sf/ tyf ;DalGwt lgsfo ;lqmotfsf;fy cu|;/ ePdf lbuf] ljsf;sf]cjwf/0ffcg'¿k ;x>fAbL ljsf;nIo k|fKt ug{ sl7gfO gx'g ;S5 .

k|sf]ksf 36gfdf lg/Gt/ j[l4 eO/x]sf] jt{dfg kl/j]zdf pBf]u, snsf/vfgf tyfkl/of]hgf ;~rfng ubf{ ljleGg /;fogaf6 x'g] jftfj/0fLo k|efj d'Nofª\sgsf;fy} k|sf]k k|efj d'Nofª\sg klg ug'{ h¿/L b]lvPsf] 5 . o;tkm{ ;/sf/n] pko'QmJoj:yf u/L ;a} ;/f]sf/jfnfnfO{ lgb]{lzt ug'{ cfjZos 5 . g]kfndf h}ljs tyf/f;folgs jf k|sf]k k|efj d'Nofª\sg ;d]t ug]{ sfg'gL Joj:yf eO;s]sf] 5 . t/sfg'gL Joj:yf sfg'gdf dfq ;Lldt g/xL To;n] k|efjsf/L 9ª\un] cuf8L a9\g'k5{ .tadfq hg;d'bfon] /;folgs hf]lvdaf6 ;'/lIft dx;'; ug{ ;S5g\ .

;Gbe{;fdu|La6's[i0f pk|]tL, jftfj/0f ;+/If0f tyf lbuf] ljsf;, jftfj/0f Joj:yfkg tyf lbuf] ljsf;dxfljBfno, sf7df8f}+, @)%* .

;ljGb| l;+x, kof{j/0f e'uf]n, k|ofu k':ts ejg, Onfxafb, @))! .

uf]kfnk|;fb b'nfn, kof{j/0f dfl;s, k"0ff{ª\s $), r}t !)@^ .

15. biochemical accident dks 14

Education

Transcript of 15. biochemical accident dks 14