OER & Creative Commons

Education Services AustraliaMelbourne

17 April 2014

Delia BrowneNational Copyright Director

National Copyright Unit www.smartcopying.edu.au

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Some copyright challenges

• The current licence schemes and free use exceptions are expensive, restrictive and complicated:

• Teachers are burdened with complex copying limits.

• Teachers cannot modify, share or remix material except in very limited circumstances.

• The material can only be made available to parents and the community in limited circumstances.

• The school community pays over $80 million in licensing fees to copyright collecting societies every year for the use of copyright materials in schools.

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OER - Definition

• Open Educational Resources (‘OER’) are a growing trend towards openness of teaching and learning materials.

• OER are teaching and learning materials that are freely available online for everyone to use, whether you are a teacher, student or self learner.

• OER include: worksheets, curriculum materials, lectures, homework assignments, quizzes, class activities, pedagogical materials, games and many more resources from around the world.

See: www.oercommons.org

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OER: Fundamental Values

• OER share some fundamental values:• Resources are free for any individual to use

• Are licensed for unrestricted distribution

• Possibility of adaptation, translation, re-mix, and improvement.

OER in a nutshell

OER is about creating repositories of material which are free to:

AccessUse

ModifyShare

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Creative Commons

http://creativecommons.org//

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OER and Creative Commons

• Most OER resources use Creative Commons (CC) licences.

• This is because CC licences are well known blanket licences that are free and easy to use.

• A creator needs only to do one thing - select the type of licence they want from the CC website!

OER: How it all works

What is CC?• CC creates a “some rights reserved”

model.

• The copyright owner retains copyright ownership in their work while inviting certain uses of their work by the public.

• CC licences create choice and options for the copyright owner.

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There are 4 primary licence elements which are mixed to create a licence:

Attribution – attribute the author

Non-commercial – no commercial use

No Derivative Works – no remixing

ShareAlike – remix only if you let others remix

See the CC information pack at:http://www.smartcopying.edu.au/scw/go/pid/956

CC Primary Licence Elements

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Attribution – share alike

Attribution – non-commercial –share alike

Attribution – non-commercial – no derivatives

Attribution

Attribution - non-commercial

Attribution - no derivatives

Six Standard CC Licences

Licence Type Licence ConditionsAttribution

Freely use, copy, adapt and distribute to anyone provided the copyright owner is attributed.

Attribution No DerivativesFreely use, copy and distribute to anyone but only in original form. The copyright owner must be attributed.

Attribution Share AlikeFreely use, copy, adapt and distribute provided the new work is licensed under the same terms as the original work. The copyright owner must be attributed.

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CC Licences

CC Licences

Licence Type Licence Conditions

Attribution Non CommercialFreely use, copy, adapt and distribute for non-commercial purposes. The copyright owner must be attributed.

Attribution Non Commercial No Derivatives Freely use, copy and distribute verbatim

copies of the original work for non-commercial purposes. The copyright owner must be attributed.

Attribution Non Commercial Share Alike Freely use, copy, adapt and distribute for non-commercial purposes provided the new work is licensed under the same terms as the original work. The copyright owner must be attributed.

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CC Licence Chooser

http://creativecommons.org/choose/ The licence chooser asks questions to

determine which licence best suits your needs, and it then produces:• The correct licence;

• The hyperlink to the correct licence summary information;

• The HTML code to insert into websites to generate the licence, information and links.

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Attributing CC material The new CC licences have ‘common-sense attribution’.

Best practice is that you label materials with:

• Title

• Author/copyright owner,

• Source – Link to work

• Licence – Name + Link

It is important to always check whether the creator has specified a particular attribution.

Open Attribute (http://openattribute.com) is a tool to assist users of CC material to properly attribute. Once downloaded, it will attribution information for CC licensed content which users can copy and paste into their own work containing CC material.

For further information on attributing CC material, see:http://www.smartcopying.edu.au/scw/go/pid/956

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Where should I place the attribution?

• For text resources (eg books, worksheets, PowerPoint slides etc), include the attribution details next to CC work or as the footer along the bottom of the page on which the CC work appears.

• For video works, include the attribution information near the work as it appears on screen during the video.

• For sound recordings (eg podcasts), mention the name of the artist during the recording (like a radio announcement) and provide full attribution details in text near the podcast where it is being stored (eg blog, school intranet, learning management system etc).

For further information on attributing CC material, see:http://www.smartcopying.edu.au/scw/go/pid/956

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Example: Image licensed under CC Attribution licence

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Eid Mubarak by Hamed Saber available athttp://www.flickr.com/photos/44124425616@N01/1552383685 . This work is licenced under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence.

Example: video

You have created a video about the History of X and can’t attribute all your sources in the video itself. Now you can simply include a link to a page that lists all the credits.

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Example: textbooks

You have assembled a textbook consisting of OER from various sources. Here’s what a credits page at the end of that textbook might look like.

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Modifying a CC – licenced work

Also, if you modify a CC-licensed work indicate that you did so along with your attribution. This makes it easier for downstream users (including you) to know it has changed from the original.

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Example

You use another teacher’s lesson plan but replace the classroom activity with your own. Simply note that you changed it so others will know the difference.

Sample Attribution:• American History Lesson by John Doe used under a

CC BY license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Activity in Section E changed from original.

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Distinguishing between CC material and Third Party Material

Material owned by ESA and licenced under CC:

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Best practice to indicate somewhere (usually in your Copyright Statement or T&Cs) how you want to be attributed.

Third Party Material licenced under CC: previous slides.

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Distinguishing between CC material and Third Party Material

Third Party Material not licenced under CC: If you have permission from the copyright owner to reproduce the

material you should check with them how they would like to be attributed. 

If you publish material owned by someone else, you should always clearly indicate the source of the material in the footer of each page.

When you incorporate works, such as illustrations, photographs or charts which are owned by someone else, into a resource, you should include the copyright information next to the actual work.

Example attribution of Third Party Material: “Reproduced and made available for [whatever rights are given – eg educational purposes] with the permission of [insert copyright owner/attribution information].”

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How to find OER

General Search Photo/image Search Video Search Audio/Music Search General Education Search Specific Education Search Recorded Lectures & Video Tutorials Search Open Textbook Search Simulation and Animation Search

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General search

Creative Commons Google Open Tapestry

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Google Advanced Search

When searching the web for general information, you can filter so that the search results given are only free, openly licenced materials.

To apply the filter you must first go into your advanced search settings, which are found in the settings tab on the right hand side of your search result.

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Google Advanced Search

Once you get into your advanced settings, the usage rights filter is at the very bottom.

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Open tapestry:(http://www.opentapestry.com/items)

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Photo/Image Search

CC Search Wikimedia Commons Flickr Google Images Pixabay Europeana

Open Clip Art Library

Encyclopedia of Life

Public Library of Science

CC finder

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Searching Google for Openly Licenced Images

Advance search as describe above; or Google recently launched a simpler

way to filter Google images by reuse rights (ie, openly licenced resources).

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Google ImagesAfter you search for an image, all you have to do is click “Search tools” and select the “Usage Rights” that reflect your use.

All four usage rights allow for educational use.

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Video Search

YouTube Vimeo Ted – Ideas Worth Spreading Al Jazeera

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YouTube

There are a number of ways to find YouTube videos that are licensed under CC:• use the CC Search tool described above.• http://www.youtube.com/creativecommons lets you see

the most viewed and most reused CC licensed videos. • in your search you can include the term

“creativecommons”, and the videos returned will be CC licensed.

• or you can filter for Creative Commons licenced videos after you search.

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YouTube – filter for CC videos

After you do a search, click on the filters option, and under ‘Features’ selected Creative Commons.

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YouTube – filter for CC videos

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Audio/Music Search

JamendoccMixterFree Music ArchiveSoundCloud

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General Education Search

OER Commons The Orange Grove

Digital Repository Connexions Curriki WikiEducator Saylor Academy

Wikiversity LiveBinder by Karen

Fasimpaur - Open Educational resources: Share, Remix, Learn

Open Education Europa

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Video Tutorials Search

Khan Academy

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Open Textbook Search

ck-12 Wikibooks

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Simulation and Animation Search

PhET

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Current ESA projects

Climate change • Wikipedia

• Australia Government – Department of the Environment

• European Environment Agency

• The Climate Literacy & Energy Awareness Network

• The Science Education Resource Centre

• The Global Words project

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Smartcopying website

For more specific, content-oriented OER and for an ever-increasing list of OER, see the Smartcopying website: http://www.smartcopying.edu.au/open-education/open-education-free-for-education/open-education-free-for-education-resources

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Exercises

Finding CC material Getting CC Savvy – P2PU:

https://p2pu.org/he/groups/get-cc-savvy/

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