MUSCULOSKELETAL BLOCK Pathology Lecture 2: Congenital and developmental bone diseases
1.4 Bone Lecture
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Transcript of 1.4 Bone Lecture
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bone p. 1 (1-24)
O S T E O L O G Y
BONE (THE TISSUE)
VS.
BONE (THE ORGAN)
BONE TISSUE CHARACTERISTICS:
1. BONE IS HARD AND RESILIENTIT IS LE!IBLE AND HASGREAT TENSILE STRENGTH
2. BONE IS VASCULAR". BONE IS CALCIIED (bone
#$ne%&' $: *+%o,*&p&$e & $n+o/ C&'0$# pop&e
"C&" (3O4)2 C& (OH)2
5$ %&0e &#on o/ #&6ne$# &n+ oe% #$ne%&'.
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bone p. 2
S7ELETAL TISSUES
CARTILAGE VS. BONE n+&#en&' p%ope%$e
A33ENDICULAR S7ELETON 8. A!IAL S7ELETON
SESA9OID BONES
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bone p. 3
SU3ERNU9ARY BONES
BONE 9AR7INGS; (VERY TELLING ABOUT BONES)
BONES 9AY HAVE 9ULTI3LE NA9ES (*non*#)
9&n+$b'e< - +en&%* bone $n #&n e* &%e e &#e< be* &%e no $ne%0&n6e&b'e &#on6 oeo'o6$. T$ $be0&e e #&n+$b'e = 'o5e% >&5 $ 0o#poe+ o/ e8e%&'bone $n #o 8e%eb%&e oe% &n #&##&'. 9&##&'&8e on'* & +en&%* bone< b oe% 8e%eb%&e &8en#e%o bone & #&e p e #&n+$b'e.
?*6o#&$0 bone @ #&'&% bone
Bone &8e pe0$/$0 %e6$on &n+ %0%e & &8epe0$/$0 n&#e. o% e,&#p'e: Te ?*6o#&$0 p%o0e o/ ee#po%&' bone;
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bone p. 4
Bone #&%$, $ 0o#poe+ o/ 5o
%&e% +$//e%en $n+ o/b&n0e:1. #$ne%&' ($no%6&n$0 0%*&' o/
0&'0$# pop&e) - &bo &n+
2. 3%oe$n (o%6&n$0 0o#ponen)#o'* $n e /o%# o/ 0o''&6en
o#e$#e 0&''e+ Oe$n; o%Oeo$+;
Bo ee 0o#ponen &%ep%o+0e+ b* 0e'' 0&''e+:
Oeo0*e (bone 0e'')
3%e0%o% o oeo0*e &%e 0e''0&''e+:
Oeob'&- bone /o%#$n6 0e''
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• 0&n&'$0'$ bone p.
Bone $o'o6$0&' e%#$no'o6* (0on.)
•Vo'#&n 0&n&'
•S&%p$e /$be%
• pe%$oe#
• en+oe#• oeo0*e
• '&0n&
• oeob'&
•
oeo0'&• $ne%$$&' '&#e''& ($ne%$$&' bone)
• +$p'o
•#e+''&%* 0&8$*
• bone #&%%o5 (%e+ &n+ *e''o5)
• /o%&#en
• n%$en /o%&#en
• p$0'e
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• %&be0'&e
bone p. F
7INDS; O BONES
9OR3HOLOGICAL 7INDS:
LONG< SHORT< LAT< IRREGULAR
ONTOGENETIC 7INDS:
ENDOCHONDRAL BONES
(RE3LACE9ENT BONES)
INTRA9E9BRANOUS BONES (9E9BRANE BONES) (IN SO9E 3LACES< SUCH AS THE S7ULL
THESE ARE CALLED DER9AL; BONE
OSTEOGENESIS
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(BONE OR9ATION GROTH
Bone p. J
Bone 6%o5 $n 'en6 /%o# e$% en+K
•ep$p*e
•+$&p*$
•ep$p*e&' p'&e
•ep$p*e&' '$ne
•0ene% o/ o$/$0&$on e %o'e o/ pe%$oe&' bone 6%o5
%e#o+e'$n6 o/ bone -
3&%&*%o$+ o%#one (3TH) = $#'&eoeo0'& o %eo%b bone< %e'e&$n60&'0$# $on /%o# bone #&%$, &n+
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#ob$'$?$n6 0&'0$#. C&'0$on$n (/%o# e*%o$+) $n$b$ bone %eo%p$on &n+en0o%&6e e +epo$$on o/ 0&'0$#.
bone p.
Con0ep: Bone RE9ODELING
OSTEOCLASTS ARE S3ECIAL CELLS THAT DESTROY BONE
& +ee%#$ne e &pe o/ & boneM
Bone $ %epon$8e o:1. Gene$0 e//e02. En8$%on#en&' e//e0
• %e (ne6&$8e e'e0%$0&' 0%%en
+epo$$on) e p$e?oe'e0%$0 p%ope%$e o/ bone
• o%#one $n0'+$n6: 6%o5
o%#one< (HGH)< eoe%one<e%o6en< &n+ 3&%&*%o$+ o%#one
(&'o 0&''e+ p&%&o%#one)• 8$&#$n D (V$. D +e/$0$en0* < %$0e)
Te +e&$' o/ & bone &ppe&%&n0e #&* %e/'e0e #e0&n$0&' %ee p'&0e+ on & bone.
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Bone 1 OVERALL UNCTIONS O BONE
1. SU33ORT
2. 3ROTECTION
". 9OVE9ENT
4. 9INERAL STORAGE (C& &n+ 3)
. BLOOD OR9ATION -HE9ATO3OIESIS ($n %e+ #&%%o5)
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bone p. 11
Bone /%&0%eD$p'&0e+ o% non-+$p'&0e+
Co#p'ee o% $n0o#p'ee
Co#pon+ o% $#p'e
He#&o#&B'oo+ C'o /o%#&$on (/$b%$n)
$b%o0&%$'&6e 0&''(0o''&6en $n & 0&%$'&6$no #&%$,)
Bone* 0&''
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bone p. 1"
3$e?oe'e0%$0 e//e0:3o$$8e 0&%6e = &bo%p$on
Ne6&$8e 0&%6e = /o%#&$on Oeo#&'&0$& = a softening of bonedue to decreased mineralcomponents. Also a condition called
R$0e %e' $n poo% #$ne%&'$?&$on o/ bone<o/en be0&e o/ 8$&#$n D +e/$0$en0* o% 0&'0$# o%&6ee&%'* $n '$/e.
symptoms include bow-leggedness
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bone p. 14
S0%8* = 0&e+ b* & o%&6e o/8$&#$n C - O%$6$n o/ e e%# L$#e*; /o% &
B%$$ &$'o%. S0%8* $ 0o##on'* een $n0$'+%en $n "%+ 5o%'+ 0on%$e.
Scurvy is characterized by formation of spots on the skin. These spots are more prominent onthe thighs and legs.
It can also cause bleeding from the mucous membranes.
It also makes the gums spongy and if the disease persists for long time it can even lead to loss
of teeth. Scurvy also leads to bleeding from the skin which causes discoloration of the skin and it also
affects the healing process of the wounds.
A person suffering from scurvy may also suffer depression
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bone p. 15
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bone p. 1
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bone p.1F
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bone p. 18
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bone p. !"ormal bone #top$ osteoporosis bone #bottom$
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Bone p. 21
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%op pre-menopausal&bottom post-menopausal
bone p. 22
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'A (uick look at some non-human primate skulls)
bone p. 3
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bone p. 4
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