:1..

LETTERS Air Ion Research: M. Bissell et al.; M., Yost and A. D. Moore;R & D and Productivity: D. de S. Price ............................

TOIAL The Mission of the National Science Foundation: N. Hackerman...............

ARTLES Strong Interations in Supported-Metal Catalysts: S. J. Tauster et al........Minerds Formed by Organisms: H. A. Lowenstam ...........................

The National Science Foundation L"oks to the Future: J. B. Slaughter.........

CoMMENT The Publishing Game: Getting More for Less.................................MIT Committee Seeks Cryptography Policy .................................

Autos: A Challenge for Industrial Policy.....................................Briefing: AAAS Protests More Cuts for NSF Science Education; First Course for

Genetic Engineering Technicians; NSF Moving to Found Math Institute-x 2; Haird Ties,Hard Choices fichigan Universities; Denver-Attorney Nominted to Head EPA; Reagan May Transfer CEQ out ofWhidte HoDuse.......................................................

NAE Elects New Members ................................................

MRm NEWS Eectric Currents May Guide Development...................................

Physicists Dream About a Coinputer Network................................A Fish in the Bush Is Worth... ..............................

Anthropologists Turn to M eums ..........................................

Proceedings of the Eighth Hawaii Topical Conference in Particle Physics,reviewed by P. Langacker,Tlhe Age of Birds, K. E. Campbell, Jr.;

13:M h1S1iVolume 211, No. 4487

NEWS AND

RESEA

.1114

11 19

11t21 s

11N. .''

1131

1137'1139

1142:

1151

1152"

Comparative Physiology: Primitive Mammals, A. F. Bennett; MarineBenthic Dynamics, K. L. Smith, Jr.; Gems Made by Man, D. Elwell;Books Received ............. ......................................... 1153

REPORTS Chlorine Oxide in the Stratospheric Ozone Layer: Ground-Based Detectionand Measurement: A. Parrish et al ...................................... 1158

Brachiopods in Mud: Resolution of a Dilemma: J. R. Richardson ............... 1161

Novel Complex Polar Lipids from the Methanogenic ArchaebacteriumMethanospirillum hungatei: S. C. Kushwaha et al........ ................ 1163

Conversion of 3T3-Ll Fibroblasts to Fat Cells by an Inhibitor ofMethylation: Effect of 3-Deazaadenosine: P. K. Chiang ................... 1164

Opiate Receptor Gradients in Monkey Cerebral Cortex: Correspondence withSensory Processing Hierarchies: M. E. Lewis et al . ...................... 1166

Conduction System in a Sponge: I. D. Lawn, G. 0. Mackie, G. Silver ..... ..... 1169

Prenatal Exposure to Synthetic Progestins Increases Potential forAggression in Humans: J. M. Reinisch .................................. 1171

Spontaneous Hypertension in Cross-Suckled Rats: J. P. McMurtry,G. L. Wright, B. C. Wexler ............................................ 1173

Trisomic Hemopoietic Stem Cells of Fetal Origin Restore Hemopoiesis inLethally Irradiated Mice: E. W. Herbst et al ............................. 1175

Larvae of Air-Breathing Fishes as Countercurrent Flow Devices in HypoxicEnvironments: K. F. Liem ............... .............................. 1177

Growth Factors Modulate Gonadotropin Receptor Induction in GranulosaCell Cultures: J. S. Mondschein and D. W. Schomberg ..... .............. 1179

Entorhinal and Septal Inputs Differentially Control Sensory-Evoked Responsesin the Rat Dentate Gyrus: S. A. Deadwyler, M. 0. West, J. H. Robinson ... 1181

Imipramine: Effect of Ovarian Steroids on Modifications in SerotoninReceptor Binding: D. A. Kendall, G. M. Stancel, S. J. Enna ..... ......... 1183

Parasitoids as Selective Agents in the Symbiosis Between Lycaenid ButterflyLarvae and Ants: N. E. Pierce and P. S. Mead ....... ................... 1185

Dye Transfer Through Gap Junctions Between Neuroendocrine Cells ofRat Hypothalamus: R. D. Andrew et al .................................. 1187

Unique Eye of Probable Evolutionary Significance: R. M. Eakin andJ. L. Brandenberger . ................................................. 1189

MEETINGS Gordon Research Conferences: A. M. Cruickshank ........................... 1191

COVER

Aerial view of Colby-Sawyer College,New London, New Hampshire, sum-mer headquarters of the Gordon Re-search Conferences located in the heartof the Lake Sunapee-Dartmouth re-gion. In the background can be seen thePleasant Lake and the Ragged Moun-tains-a panorama for the enjoyment ofthe conferees. See page 1191. [Photog-raphy Unlimited, New London, NewHampshire 03257]

I

13 March 1981, Volume 211, Number 4487

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SCIENCE

Mission of the National Science Foundation0 years the National Science Foundation (NSF) has demonstrated aable ability to address the nation's concern for the support of thes. Although to those in the field funds have never appearedte, there is no question that today, by any measure, the scientificithe United States stands at the forefront of the world. The NSF hasa significant role in making this happen, and I see no indication thatndation's interest in or commitment to this role has diminished.ntly there has been increasing concern about the problems develop-:ngineering and the vitality of the U.S. technological enterprise. Intreas, too, the NSF has long played a role. The foundation hasted basic engineering research and engineering education as part oftram from its inception. Further, since its organic act was amended inhe NSF has experimented with a variety of modes of support forIresearch. Plans for a reorganization recently announced by thetion are intended, it appears to me, not to diminish the emphasis oniental science but to recognize the importance of maintaining a strongngineering program as well. At the same time, there is once again theunity to recognize the blurred, often artificial, distinction betweennd applied research and to strengthen the foundation's overallfor programs in basic engineering and in the natural and social

s. The reorganization will also strengthen unified programs of[nary support.neering is in some ways unique. It deals with a broad spectrum ofes ranging from fundamental research to product design and develop-rhe principal difference between engineering and science, as they areunderstood, is that engineering is basically oriented toward theiment created by man. A close linkage exists between fundamental,ring research and traditional scientifc research, for example, in(, chemistry, mathematics, and physics. And new relationships haveped, as in bioengineering.programs of the proposed NSF Directorate for Engineering wouldt engineering activities that span the spectrum from fundamental-hto applied research to experiments in technology transfer withy. At the same time, under this plan it is clear that the responsibilitynducting applied research would rest in all NSF basic researchrates, including the Directorate for Engineering. This is intended toage closer links between basic research developments and focused-h, while preserving the special funding and management techniques:d to support applied research.concern for engineering refl.cts a maturation process at the NSFhas always recognized the importance of engineering as an integralsential part of our nation's scientific fabric. It also reflects a concernvhile America's innovative and productive spirit is lagging, theLion, under its broad mandate from Congress, can further stimulateeps in the innovation chain that leads from the library and the-ory into the marketplace.NSF's proposed realignment of responsibilities is neither a cosmeticuick response to recent concerns expressed by all those interested inire role of engineering. It is intended to provide a workable structuretely and mutual support of activities in all NSF directorates.NORMAN HACKERMAN, President, Rice University, Houston, Texas