1. WGET ICT HUMANITARIAN FORUMWGET ICT Humanitarian Forum 11-12 April 2013 - Kista, Sweden

2. New Generation Satellite Technologies as a Foundation for Innovative Solutions Steve Birnbaum Chair, Humanitarian Assistance & Disaster Response Programs Global VSAT Forum steve.birnbaum@gvf.org www.gvf.orgWGET ICT Humanitarian Forum 11-12 April 2013 - Kista, Sweden

3. The Global VSAT Forum Non-Profit Satellite-Sector Association (FSS, MSS, BSS) 230+ Member Organizations Based Globally Members Support Millions of Systems Worldwide GVF Enabling Satcom Service Delivery Through: Facilitation: Emergency Notifications, Dialogue Training: VSAT Installation and Preparedness: GVF Registry & Installer DatabaseWGET ICT Humanitarian Forum 11-12 April 2013 - Kista, Sweden

4. The Whole Community Response Concept "Perhaps the most important initiative we must undertake, regardless of the budget environment, is to recognize our efforts are part of an interconnected plan of action. This "Whole Community" approach to emergency management provides the appropriate framework for leveraging the expertise and resources of our stakeholders at all levels, both governmental and nongovernmental. We know that non-governmental organizations - like faith-based and nonprofit groups - and private sector entities possess knowledge, assets and services that government simply cannot provide. An effective disaster response involves tapping into all of these resources. Through engaging the "Whole Community," we maximize our limited funding and leverage the capabilities of our partners, who play a critical role in the process. Craig Fugate, FEMA House Committee on Homeland Security, Subcommittee on Emergency Preparedness 2012WGET ICT Humanitarian Forum 11-12 April 2013 - Kista, Sweden

5. Satellite Innovations Increased spectrum efficiency New Terminal Technology & Tools High Throughput SatellitesWGET ICT Humanitarian Forum 11-12 April 2013 - Kista, Sweden

6. Terminals and New Technologies Increased spectrum efficiency Newtec broke 500Mbps barrier on a single transponder in June 2012 Standard 72MHz Ku-band Eutelsat transponder Two-way 32APSK 506Mbps (2x253Mbps) One-way 64APSK 352Mbps Included significant margin New Technologies Transportable HTS Ka-band antennas New power solutions New ToolsWGET ICT Humanitarian Forum 11-12 April 2013 - Kista, Sweden

7. High Throughput Satellites (HTS) Most are Ka-band, but not a requirement Multi-spot beam technology High spectrum re-use As much as 150Gps on a single satellite Some Regional HTS Projects: N. America: Hughes Jupiter-1, ViaSat-1 Europe: Hylas-1 & 2, KaSat-1 ME & Africa: Yahsat-1B, Newsat Jabiru, Amos 6 Asia: NBN Co, Newsat Jabiru Many more in development Example: ViaSat-1 Delivers 20Mbps / 5Mbps to a 0.75m antenna Consumer antenna costs less than $1k Monthly service fees of under $100WGET ICT Humanitarian Forum 11-12 April 2013 - Kista, Sweden

8. High Throughput Satellites (HTS) Global HTS Projects: O3b Networks Other 3 Billion Medium-Earth Orbit at 8,000km Constellation of 8 MEO satellites, with 4 more in production (launch: next month!) Latency: 125ms round-trip Bandwidth: Up to 1Gbps Frequencies: Ka-band Coverage: Global from -45 to +45 latitude Beams: Spot Intelsat EPIC Constellation of 2 GEO satellites (launch: 2015-2016) Frequencies: Ku-band with some Ka-band Coverage: All populated continents Bandwidth: Not announced Compatible with existing Ku-band terminals Combination of wide and spot beams Inmarsat GlobalXpress Constellation of 3 GEO satellites (launch: 2013-2014) Bandwidth: 50 / 5 Mbps per spot beam Frequencies: Ka-band Coverage: Global Beams: SpotWGET ICT Humanitarian Forum 11-12 April 2013 - Kista, Sweden

9. Implications?WGET ICT Humanitarian Forum 11-12 April 2013 - Kista, Sweden

10. The Whole Community Response Concept aka: Frankenstorm, Superstorm Sandy Result of a Cat1 Hurricane meeting a Noreaster storm Landfall Oct 29, 2012 Think big. Go big What if every area needs everything at the same time?WGET ICT Humanitarian Forum 11-12 April 2013 - Kista, Sweden Images: CalFire, AccuWeather, Gizmodo, Randall Chase/AP

11. Sandy By The Numbers 1320 km size of Hurricane Sandy as it made landfall 946mb min. pressure at landfall the lowest of any landed storm North of Cape Hatteras since Cat4 Gladys in 1938 140 Terajoules Integrated Kinetic Energy More than Katrina, and over twice the energy of the Hiroshima atomic bomb 8,100,000 - homes lost power across 17 states (1% of NJ customers still had no power on Nov 21) 4.23 meters - storm surge at The Battery in Lower Manhattan (and a 4.38 meter surge at Kings Point, NY) 9.9 meters wave height just outside New York Harbor entrance; 12.09 meters recorded 500 miles SE of Atlantic City 151.3 km/h - winds at Eatons Neck, NY; 128.75 km/h winds at Newark, NJ 38.86 cm rainfall at Andrews AFB, VA 86.36 cm amount of snowfall in Gatlinburg, TN; 60.96 cm in Norton, VA 57,000 - utility workers from 30 states & Canada to assist 124 - years since weather closed the NYSE for two days 15 - days of gas rationing in New York City (11 days in NJ) 20,000,000 - tweets sent between Oct 27 and Nov. 1WGET ICT Humanitarian Forum 11-12 April 2013 - Kista, Sweden

12. Some of Sandys Challenges Many chose not to evacuate in devastated areas Experiences during Hurricane Irene the most frequently cited reason Lack of power, heat, shelter and communications Lack of information Unconventional means of communication Rumors spreading quickly Access to generator and vehicle fuel Saltwater damage Extended repair times due to damageWGET ICT Humanitarian Forum 11-12 April 2013 - Kista, Sweden

13. Impact on Communications Infrastructure Towers damaged by winds & flooding Wiring damaged by salt water Terrestrial backhaul circuits damaged Facilities flooded Data centers under water Generator fuel tanks under water Limited access to fuel Impact on Communications InfrastructureWGET ICT Humanitarian Forum 11-12 April 2013 - Kista, Sweden

14. Mobile Operator Deployments Mobile operators deployed COWs, COLTs and mobile workspace Damage to infrastructure limited restoration capabilities Lack of fuel for generators & vehicles Finite supply of COWs Mobile operators exhausted available resources - could not be everywhere Communities in need cut off from outside worldWGET ICT Humanitarian Forum 11-12 April 2013 - Kista, Sweden

15. So what can be done when communities are cut off, lack resources, and urgently need to be able to communicate? !!INNOVATE!!WGET ICT Humanitarian Forum 11-12 April 2013 - Kista, Sweden

16. FEMA Innovation Team Academia, Industry, NGOs and Government Reporting to FEMA Deputy Administrator Serino and CTO Okada Mission: Creatively solve problems by receiving individual input from a diverse spectrum of stakeholders.FEMA Blog:http://bit.ly/Sandy-FEMA-InnovationWGET ICT Humanitarian Forum 11-12 April 2013 - Kista, Sweden

17. The Communications Challenge Problem: People in the most affected area are in an already precarious socioeconomic status and represent a myriad of languages and disabilities. They need to be able to report needs, safety and get access to information. Challenges: This is happening because comms are hard down, and the finite number of COWs and COLTs are unable to completely replace all damaged equipment. Also, Power is out long-term in many areas. Affected Population: Approx. 100,000+ of the non-powered communitiesWGET ICT Humanitarian Forum 11-12 April 2013 - Kista, Sweden

18. Technologies Used VSAT FEMA contracted VSATs from Hughes for both government and community sites ViaSat donated VSATs High Throughput Satellites (HTS) using Ka-band were game-changers 15Mbps to a 75cm VSAT terminal worth only a few hundred dollars WiFi Wireless systems donated by Aruba and Cisco VoIP Cisco TacOps provided VoIP phones DIDWW and Call Centric donated call manager and SIP trunk to PSTN Existing Resources If the shelter or Recovery Center is in or near a location with stable comms, use those instead of wasting finite deployable resourcesWGET ICT Humanitarian Forum 11-12 April 2013 - Kista, Sweden

19. Brooklyn Disaster Recovery Center at IkeaWGET ICT Humanitarian Forum 11-12 April 2013 - Kista, Sweden

20. Rockaway Community Shelter at St. Francis ChurchWGET ICT Humanitarian Forum 11-12 April 2013 - Kista, Sweden

21. Rockaway Disaster Recovery Center at St. Francis ChurchWGET ICT Humanitarian Forum 11-12 April 2013 - Kista, Sweden

22. FEMA Disaster Recovery Centers (DRC)WGET ICT Humanitarian Forum 11-12 April 2013 - Kista, Sweden

23. Breezy PointWGET ICT Humanitarian Forum 11-12 April 2013 - Kista, Sweden

24. Breezy PointWGET ICT Humanitarian Forum 11-12 April 2013 - Kista, Sweden

25. Information from Non-Traditional SourcesWGET ICT Humanitarian Forum 11-12 April 2013 - Kista, Sweden

26. Crowd-Sourced Mobile Coverage MappingWGET ICT Humanitarian Forum 11-12 April 2013 - Kista, Sweden

27. Humanitarian Open StreetMap - HOTOSM The goal was to map the roads and footpaths in 10 refugee camps, that contain a population over 600,000 people, in 48 hours The Dollo Ado refugee camp in Ethiopia is actually composed of 5 individual camps. These camps literally did not exist in Bokolmanyo refugee camp in the OSM Bokolmanyo before the experiment OSM refugee camp in the OSM database on 20 May 2012 database on 28 May 2012 began.WGET ICT Humanitarian Forum 11-12 April 2013 - Kista, Sweden

28. CAP Imagery Crowd-Sourced Analysis Camp Roberts RELIEF Experiment 2 months from concept to execution CAP missions flown by volunteer pilots Using consumer-grade personal SLR cameras Basic instructions on how to take photos http://sandy.hotosm.org Crowd votes on light/moderate/heavy damage Analysis used by FEMAWGET ICT Humanitarian Forum 11-12 April 2013 - Kista, Sweden

29. Civil Air Patrol Imageryhttp://sandy.hotosm.org/WGET ICT Humanitarian Forum 11-12 April 2013 - Kista, Sweden

30. Full Collaboration Between Responders and Industry - Resource & Information Sharing Leads to Results WildBlue / ViaSat Communications Leveraging their local network of installers already in/near impacted area Low-cost terminals that can provide 15Mbps throughput Installed at numerous community and government shelters and recovery centers Habitat Setting up operations in Breezy Point Cisco Tactical Operations provided initial communications support on-site Cisco contacted the GVF to request long-term, sustainable solution Request distributed to GVF Disaster Preparedness Registry members Hughes donated a Jupiter-1 VSAT terminal with service using equipment & installation personnel already in the areaWGET ICT Humanitarian Forum 11-12 April 2013 - Kista, Sweden

31. The Future Does a structural engineer really need to visit this house to determine if it is habitable? If we have high-speed Internet at DRCs and access to imagery, can FEMA provide better service?WGET ICT Humanitarian Forum 11-12 April 2013 - Kista, Sweden

32. Pre-Positioning : Whats Already There Enterprise Carriers Broadband, ISPs Government Retail/ Hospitality Corporate Telephony High-speed Internet Rural communication Gaming Rural Telephony E-mail, Intranet Education Banking, Finance PCO Internet kiosks Military Oil & Gas Payphones DSL like service Aviation Automotive Backbone Interconnection POPs trunking Post offices Healthcare GSM backhauling Disaster recovery SCADA e-Voting e-Medicine e-GovernmentWGET ICT Humanitarian Forum 11-12 April 2013 - Kista, Sweden 3

33. The GVF Disaster Preparedness Registry Hundreds of Thousands of Pre-positioned Systems Enterprise Carriers Broadband, ISPs Government Already Sustainable through delivery of services Most are being used to support development apps Working with GVF members willing to stand-by as Pre- positioned System and Service ProvidersWGET ICT Humanitarian Forum 11-12 April 2013 - Kista, Sweden

34. Summary Develop strong operational collaboration with new partners Radical inclusion Share information Restoration of communications for the affected population is aid empowerment leads to resiliency Embrace social media Utilize existing communications resources GVF Disaster Preparedness Registry Prepare! Innovate!WGET ICT Humanitarian Forum 11-12 April 2013 - Kista, Sweden

35. Questions? Steve Birnbaum Chair, Humanitarian Assistance & Disaster Response Programs Global VSAT Forum steve.birnbaum@gvf.org @resudox +1 (202) 642-6260 URLs: FEMA Blog: http://bit.ly/Sandy-FEMA-Innovation White House Think Tank: http://www.fema.gov/thinktankWGET ICT Humanitarian Forum 11-12 April 2013 - Kista, Sweden