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Design Computing
13. Beyond CAD & Graphics – BIM
11/25/2015CAD & Graphics II | HOM2027 | Fall 2015 | Every Wednesday 2:00 pm – 5:50 pm
Jin Kook Lee, PhD. 02-2220-2645 | [email protected]
Assistant Professor, Space & Design IT Lab.Department of Interior Architecture Design, Hanyang University
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Where we are
- Animation- Project Development
- Dec 2: Your Project Progress Report
- Dec 9: Final Project Dev.
- Dec 16: Final Project Presentation
What to do today
1. Lecture: BIM
2. Lab exercise: Animation-based Design Representation
3ds Max + Mental Ray (Vray) – Image sequence (more than 100 JPGs)
mp4 animation clip file
using what? 1) your design (SUP or 3ds Max) OR 2) given house interior (3ds Max model)
3. Requirements: JPG sequence images in your folder AND *.mp4 file
Submit this week’s LE today – the last Lab Exercise
4. Reporting & Developing the final term project by individual / team meeting
5. Final Project Development
An Intensive Progress Report NEXT WEEK
Case Study:
Introducing a BIM-enabled Design Approach
– An actual project currently working on
Building Model Reconstruction
An old apartment in YoungWol, Korea.
There are only blue prints.
How to make design & reconstruction?
CAD plans? SketchUP?
Building Model Reconstruction: using Revit (BIM)
Building Model Reconstruction: using Revit
Existing building mass
New building
Reconstruction scenario
Existing housing unit
Building Model Reconstruction: using Revit
BIM model
Building Model Reconstruction: using Revit
Existing
Buildings Units
Various BIM
Applications
Three building model alternatives: easy & quick modeling by BIM
Three housing unit alternatives: easy & quick modeling by BIM
Building Model Reconstruction: using Revit1인 가구 신혼부부 가구 노인 공동 주거
수직 증축
3D View
Plan
수평 증축
3D View
Plan
코어 증축
3D View
Plan
Application alt #1
Application alt #2
Application alt #3
Application alt #4
Application alt #5
Application alt #6
Application alt #7
Application alt #8
Application alt #9
More Applications: Design Review & Analysis
Daylight Analysis
More Applications: Design Review & Analysis
Daylight Analysis
More Applications: Design Review & Analysis
Area Calculation & Analysis
More Applications: Design Review & Analysis
Area Calculation & Analysis
Building Model Reconstruction: using Revit
Preliminary Energy Analysis
Analyze Energy Analysis
Building Model Reconstruction: using Revit
Preliminary Energy Analysis
Reference Slides Link: An Actual Building Remodeling Design by BIM
Roof
4F
3F
2F
1F
옥상정원
온열화원
주차장
History of Design Computing
A Short Timeline of Computer Aided Design
1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
First CAD System:Ivan Sutherland & Steven Coons, SketchPAD, MIT, 1961
Greenberg, Donald P. Computer Graphics in Architecture. Scientific American 230: 98-106, 1974
Popular CAD: AutoCAD1990 example on a Mac
Autodesk Revit 2012Market-leading BIM Tool
First Solid ModelerFirst CAD
First 3D Building
First Parametric Modeler
CATIA
Revit: Parametric Modeler in AEC
iPhone, iPadWWW SketchUP
History of computer-aided design is a history of understanding what is design
The design is a drawing of the product e.g. Geometric drafting in 2D
The design is a surface model of the product e.g. Geometric surface modeling in 3D
The design is a 3D model of the product e.g. Solid modeling
The design is an editable 3D model of the product e.g. Parametric modeling
The design is the integrated representation of
all the compositional, analytical and fabrication
representations of the product
(Geometry is just one part of the model) e.g. Product Data Modeling, Building Information Modeling
H
W
D
Parameters:H, W, D
+ Information
Information Modeling
This semester
Next semester
BIM (Building Information Modeling)
Video: What is BIM, for beginners – by Graphisoft
Video: What is BIM, for beginners 2
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QElAdXH_rQU
Why IT-based Technologies in AEC-FM Industry?
Design IT, Construction IT, etc.
Productivity: How to enhance the productivity in AEC industry?
Ref: BIM Handbook
IT-based strategic solutions: BIM-enabled technologies, IPD…
Efforts in General Industry – Business management strategies:
MIS
ERP
Lean Manufacturing
6-sigma (Jack Welch, GE, 1995 – 3.4 defects per million)
HR (Human Resources)
SCM (Supply Chain Management)
CRM (Customer Relationship Management)
…
IT-based solutions are important to facilitate reducing cost, improving quality.
They are BIM, IPD, IT-based management strategies, etc. in AEC-FM industry
Why BIM & IPD?
BIM: Building Information Modeling
IPD: Integrated Project Delivery
Building Project: Too many stakeholders
Ref: BIM Handbook
Building Lifecycle & BIM, IPD, Lean Integrated Project
Feasibility Study DesignConstruction
PlanningConstruction
Operation and
Management
Demolition
Planning
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Ref: BIM Handbook
BIM as it literally means “Information Modeling”
What is BIM?
BIM is a model plus database.- AIA (The American Institute of Architects)
BIM is a process.- Prof. Chuck Eastman
A Building Information Model (BIM) is a digital representation (computer interpretable representation) of physical and functional characteristics of a facility. As such it serves as a shared knowledge resource for information about a facility forming a reliable basis for decisions during its life-cycle from inception onward.
BIM은 시설물 (facility)의 물리적, 기능적 성격에 대해 컴퓨터가 해석 가능하도록 디지털화한 표현이다. 고로 BIM은 시설물 정보에 대해 그 시작부터 생애주기 전반에 걸쳐 신뢰할만한 결정을 내릴 수 있도록하는 공유 가능한 지식기반을 제공한다.
- buildingSMART, NIBS (National Inst. of Building Science), National BIM Standard Definition of BIM
Building Lifecycle – Lifecycle of “Building Information”
BIM Models
Design Construction
OperationDemolition
Analysis & simulation
Cost estimate / Quantity take-off & Scheduling
Specifications
Visualizations
Drawings
Rule checking / review
Building Lifecycle
Clash detection
4D Simulation& construction management
Rapid prototyping & digital fabrication
Information Value by time
Bill McNamara (2007) BIM and the Adaptive Design Process
BIM을 통해 얻고자 하는 목표:지속적인 건물정보의 생성과 누적, 적시 사용
Information Losses in conventional process
MacLeamy Curve
http://www.msa-ipd.com/MacleamyCurve.pdf
필요한 정보를 한 단계 앞서 얻어낼 수 있다면?또한 해당 정보가 예측가능하고 신뢰할만하다면?
Video: Open-BIM To share “information” with stakeholders
Building Lifecycle
Building Lifecycle
Feasibility Study DesignConstruction
PlanningConstruction
Operation and
Management
Demolition
Planning
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Feasibility Study
Design: Preliminary Concept Design, Final Concept Design
Design development: Design review, code checking, rule compatibility
checking…
Construction Planning: Engineering, Structural analysis, Detailing…
Virtual construction, Construction planning…
Construction: CM (construction management)
Operation & FM
Video: Building Lifecycle FM
Feasibility Study + Design
Feasibility Study DesignConstruction
PlanningConstruction
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Feasibility Study
Excel spread sheet-based “Spatial Program Requirements”
Design guidelines for the specific building types
Project budgeting
Space Object-based Design in early phase of design
Feasibility Study DesignConstruction
PlanningConstruction
Operation and
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Demolition
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From Mass Design to Building
Mass Design to Floor modeling and Space modeling
Space Object-based Design
Space Object-based Design (No walls, no slabs… only space objects)
Drawings BIM
“Office” Labeled Polygon
Room Name: “Office”
Department Name: “Rentable Spaces”
Space Number: 250
Floor, Spatial Topology
NET Area, Height, Volume...
Relations, Topology Data
3D Geometry Data
……
Revit “Room” Instance
Label Text: “Office”
Layer Label Text: “Level 1”
2D or 3D Dummy Geometry
GUID
Name: “Office”
Zone Name: “Leasing Spaces”
Space Number: 250
Floor, Spatial Network
NET Area, Height, Volume...
Relations, Topology Data
3D Geometry Data
Information-rich Space Object
Standard Names
Standard Area, Required Area
Basic Rentable Area
ANSI/BOMA Category
Occupants Code
Energy Zone Type
Cost Estimate Data
Security Information
……
CAD Drawings “Room” in Revit Information-rich Space Object
BIM More Information
Design Quality Assurance by using BIM
Feasibility Study DesignConstruction
PlanningConstruction
Operation and
Management
Demolition
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Spatial Programming Review
Circulation Analysis
Case Study: US GSA’s BIM-based Courthouse Design
Feasibility Study DesignConstruction
PlanningConstruction
Operation and
Management
Demolition
Planning
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BIM Model
Space Program Review
Circulation & Security Rule Checking
Preliminary Energy Analysis
Preliminary Cost Estimation
- General spatial validation
- Compare to the program
- Area by Floor, Occupants, etc
- ANSI/BOMA based area calc
- Reusable Excel reporting
- PACES-based Cost DB
- GSA CH specific cost data
- Location-based cost data, etc
- Checking over 180 rules
- Evaluates thousands of paths
- Reporting problematic paths
- Reporting valid paths
- PDF reporting with images
- Creating energy zones
- Creating windows / shadings
- Analysis by rotated-direction
- Export to Energy Plus
- Reporting several results
More Review Issues
Space Program Review
Reviewing Design Alternatives: To support design selection/decisions
Circulation Analysis
2,700 circulation paths analysis in 10 seconds
Demo: Circulation Analysis
BERA Language on Autodesk Revit
http://usa.autodesk.com/adsk/servlet/index?siteI
D=123112&id=14965002
Case Study: BIM Awards
Feasibility Study DesignConstruction
PlanningConstruction
Operation and
Management
Demolition
Planning
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BIM Awards
BIM Awards
Construction Documentation & Construction
- Structural Design/Analysis, Engineering, MEP/HVAC System, Detailing…
- Construction Planning, Virtual Construction
- Construction Management (CM)…
Feasibility Study DesignConstruction
PlanningConstruction
Operation and
Management
Demolition
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Demos
Construction Process Visualization
Overall Process and BIM
CM demo video
Autodesk Showcase for AEC
As Built: Operation & Facility Management
- Finalize Construction: Commissioning
- Operation & Facility Management
Feasibility Study DesignConstruction
PlanningConstruction
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Demolition
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Case Study: MGH
- Construction + Commissioning + BIM & Smart Device + FM
Feasibility Study DesignConstruction
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MGH: Maryland General Hospital
Construction + Commissioning + BIM & Smart Device + FM
Barton Malow website resource
BIM + More Computing Technologies
- Smart Devices
“This is a tool that we can no longer afford not to have.”
- Kenn Driscoll
Video File Formats
How to make an animation clip for design representation?
Theoretical Background for movie-making
SketchUP, Vray (3ds Max Design, Mental Ray, etc.)
SketchUP Scene-based animation: Movie file & JPG sequence
SketchUP + Vray render JPG sequence
Adobe Photoshop, After Effects, Daum PotEncoder, etc.
JPG Sequence a movie clip file (.mov)
Encoding them and converting into various movie formats (e.g. .mp4)
Power Director (Adobe Premiere, etc.)
Planning Your Movie-based Design Presentation
Edit your movie and export (encoding)
File formats and Codec for audio/video
From Edison’s Phonograph To digital files such as MP3, MP4, AVI…
- Nowadays all audio/video formats are digital
Uncompressed files are too big to handle: e.g. WAV, BMP, AVI (uncompressed)…
Most digital file formats are compressed formats, in different ways/standards
Compressed files: e.g. MP3, JPG, MP4, AVI (compressed), MPG…
Compressor / Decompressor Codec (for digital audio/video)
Codec plays an important role to store your audio/video/pictures etc. files into the computers, and to play those files
from the computers.
Internet (Web) Streaming file formats
streaming lets you to play audio/video while downloading: ra, wmv, wma, flv, swf…
Compression: Audio file examplehttp://www.crutchfield.com/S-N8m68AJP58L/learn/learningcenter/home/fileformats.html
Video File basics
Video
Screen size: pixels
- DVD (720X480pixel), HD (1280X720), Full HD (1920X1080)…
FPS: frame per second
- 25fps, 30fps, 10fps…
Bit rate: bit per second
- (K)BPS
Codec (file type) – Compression rate
- AVI, WMV, MP4, FLV, SWF…
Audio
Channel: 2Ch (Stereo), 5.1Ch (Dolby surround..)
Bit rate: 128kbps
Codec (file type): MP3, WAV, OGG…
Others
Caption, video effect, water mark…
Authoring a Video
Converting video file formats
Convert Audio file format using Pot Encoder:
1. Open a given mp3 file (3.3MB) OR open your any MP3 file
2. Convert it to smaller than 1MB
3. Save it as another MP3 file
Convert Video file format using Pot Encoder:
1. Open an mp4 video file (9.25MB) OR open your any movie file (short)
(Search YouTube video and download it using voobys.com, etc.)
2. Convert it to a smaller size file
3. Save it as *.AVI or *.WMV, or other file format (not original MP4)
4. Extract the audio from the video file – Save it as *.MP3 file (128kbps)
Save total 3 files: 1 movie file and 2 MP3 files under your named folder
Daum Pot Encoder – e.g. Encoding & simple editing
Camtasia Studio – e.g. Capturing screen movie clips
Adobe After Effects – e.g. Making movie clip using JPG sequence
Adobe Premiere – e.g. Making movie clip slower (more frames)
Flash – e.g. Web-supported movies & exe files
Power Director – e.g. Making your final video project
Import your libraries – e.g. Movie clips, Sound, Music, Images, Text call outs…
Place your components on the TimeLine – Editing final video
Adding Transition, Text call outs, music, control music volume, etc.
Saving your final project file: *.PDS file
Exporting a final video file: e.g. MP4, AVI…
Movie making basics
Component Library window
Movie Clips
Audio, Sound, BGM
Time Line window
Time slider: X axis: time in seconds, Controlling Key Frames
Video slot: Series of video movie clips Transition / Effect (e.g. Fade in/out)
Audio slot: Series of audio clips audio transition (e.g. Fade in/out)
Editing window
Insert and edit text, image, etc. (Call outs)
Preview window, other utility windows
Export
Exporting desired video file format considering Video Technical Specification
Movie making
Component Library window
Movie Clips
Audio, Sound, BGM
Time Line window
Time slider: X axis: time in seconds, Controlling Key Frames
Video slot: Series of video movie clips Transition / Effect (e.g. Fade in/out)
Audio slot: Series of audio clips audio transition (e.g. Fade in/out)
Editing window
Insert and edit text, image, etc. (Call outs)
Preview window, other utility windows
Export
Exporting desired video file format considering Video Technical Specification
Prep your own content (library) !
- ** Story Board !
- Render images
- Movie clips by 3ds Max etc.
- Audio, video clips…
- Text script - Put them into your folder
& library
- Place on your time line
according to your story
board
- Edit your movie
- Text flow, transition...
- Export your video file
Story Board: Content is Matter
A simple assignment: Making your Final Video Story Board
To draw your own “Story Board” for your final project
Lab Exercise: Freeform Tools in 3ds Max
- Primitive – Editable Poly – Freeform
- Edit Poly – Inset – Shell – MeshSmooth, TurboSmooth, etc.
Box primitive
Or any others
- Turn on Edged Faces
- Use real scale: e.g. 6mX6mX5m
- Turn on Total Polys (hit 7)
Freeform: similar to FFD,
Editable Poly, Noise, etc.
Editing Polys
in Edit Poly mode
Editing Polys
in Edit Poly mode
Box to a
freeform object
- Edit Poly (or Convert Editable Poly)
- Select Polygons & Freeform
- Inset Polys
- Delete Polys
Shell to create
3d object
Turbosmooth or
Meshsmooth
Iteration & other options
Quick Render using Environment_MentalRay.max
Lab Exercise: Making an animation clip
by 3ds Max – Camera
Lab Exercises: Making an animation clip – Camera
Make an animation clip using Camera Movement:
1. Open your Max model
2. Insert a camera
3. Setup animation environment (duration time, etc)
4. Select camera and control the time line
5. Set Key Frames to control your movie clip
6. Test run to click play button (No need to render)
7. Save your Max file that contains animation data
Save your Max file which contains animation data, under your named folder
Lab Exercise: Making an animation clip
by 3ds Max – Component
Lab Exercises: Making an animation clip – Component
Make an animation clip using Components:
1. Open your Max model
2. Insert a camera
3. Setup animation environment (duration time, etc)
4. Select components and control the time line
5. Set Key Frames to control your movie clip
6. Test run to click play button (No need to render)
7. Save your Max file that contains animation data
Save your Max file which contains animation data, under your named folder
Lab Exercise: Making an animation clip
by 3ds Max – Construction procedure
Lab Exercises: Making an animation – Construction Procedure
Make an animation clip using Components:
1. Design your story line for making a construction procedure video
2. Select all components and give them an animation effect
3. Open “Dope Sheet” window
4. Control appropriate animation sequence
5. Test run
6. Try to render it using a quick render options
Save your Max file which contains animation data, under your named folder
Lab Exercises:
- Editing JPG sequence images using Photoshop & its automated batch
Lab Exercises: Photoshop – editing several files in automation
Automated batch in Photoshop, using a specific action
1. Open Photoshop – Automate – batch
2. Setup automated batch for controlling several files in automation
Save your JPGs files under your named folder
Lab Exercises:
- After Effects – Making movie file from JPG sequence
Lab Exercises: AE – making movie from JPGs
Create an animation clip using JPGs in After Effects
1. Open After Effects – Import several files
2. Export file option setup and save a movie file
Save your MOV file under your named folder
Adobe After Effects – e.g. Making movie clip using JPG sequence
Next Class
Final Project Development