1.2+Topographic+Index_Cahrlotte+and+Solomon

8/10/2019 1.2+Topographic+Index_Cahrlotte+and+Solomon

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(K + B 70)

* COELAION OF I / OIL

POPEIE IN E

( )

,

.

.

:

, , , , , ,

, H, , .


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I = L ( ( FA + 1 ) / ( / 100 + 0.001 ) )

=

i

i

i

tanln

Topographic Index

i = topographic index of grid cell, i

i= the upslope contributing area per unit length of contouri= topographic slope of the cell

Topographic Index raster calculator-ready


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M, E

0.00

1.00

2.00

3.00

4.00

5.00

6.00

7.00

8.00

9.00

10.00

0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00

/

C


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I


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D (1)

y = 3.4062x + 31.935R = 0.7918

y = 0.0185x + 27.293

R = 0.0002

y = -2.8121x + 32.027R = 0.6607

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

SOL_CBN CLAY% SILT% SAND%

TI Class

P

1:


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D (2)

y = 2.3968x + 52.549R = 0.6995

y = -1.4173x + 29.86R = 0.676 y = -0.7415x + 13.413

R = 0.5112

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

SOL_CBN CLAY% SILT% SAND%

TI Class

P

2:


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A


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A A


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SW_END [mm]

93 - 163

163 - 242

242 - 277

277 - 298

298 - 317

SW_END [mm]

65 - 99

99 -139

139 - 196

196 - 245

245 - 304

SWAT

Soil Water (mm)

SWAT-VSA

Soil Water (mm)

93-163

163-242

242-277277-298

298-317

93-163

163-242

242-277277-298

298-317

a b


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swat_hrus

SURQ [mm]

1.978 - 4.014

4.014 - 4.440

4.440 - 4.783

4.783 - 5.214

5.214 - 5.75

swat_vsa_hrus

SURQ [mm]

0 - 0.939

0.939 - 2.201

2.201 - 4.532

4.532- 8.868

8.868- 10.213

SWAT-VSA

Runoff (mm)

SWAT

Runoff (mm)

0-0.93

0.93-2.20

2.20-4.534.53-8.86

8.86-10.21

0.66-0.93

0.93-2.20

2.20-4.534.53-8.86

8.86-10.21

a b


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B

A


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G A


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G A I


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P A I

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

1/1/1998 1/1/1999 1/1/2000 12/31/2000 1/1/2002 1/1/2003 1/1/2004 12/31/2004 1/1/2006

Gilgel Abay Catchment Flow (m3/s) near Merawi Station

GilgelAbay_Swat GilgelAbay_SwatVSA GilgelAbay_Obs

Model NSESwat 0.67

SwatVSA 0.70


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A E AA A A

.

I FAO L ,

A B

C

E

B C C

I

I H

(I A, A)


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A A


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AA I

C

I

E

D8 A


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J , 2 12002

F ?


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E 500/50

7


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D8 A

16


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I

20


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, 19962004


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= (PI)2

P I+

=

P =

=

I= , .. ,

; I= 0.2

, CN,

= (1000 / CN) 10

CN 30 100;

. ,

.

A ( ) C ()


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C

A .. C A

, C A ()

(C)


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C F (CF)

A

A

A CO2 ,

F (38) ( )

A LM CMAP CPC


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G C D

CMAP 2.5 M 1979 2009 P

GPCP 2.5 M 1979 2010 P

GPCC 0.5 M 1951 2010 P

C 30 M C P

M,

MM 0.25 3, D 1957 2002 P

1, 2 2.5 6, D 1948 2011 C

EA40 2.5 6, D 1979 2001 C

CF 0.312

(38)

H, D 1979 2010 C ,

H


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Monthly mean

Rainfall


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700


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AdetDangela

0 8 164 Kilometers

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

J

M

J

M

J

M

J

M

J

M

J

M

J

M

J

M

J

M

J

M

/

A C : 19972006 CF N

= 0.5689 + 21.378

= 0.876

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700

C

CFN C:

D = 0.47

M = 0.94

MET station STN

STN Thiessen Polygons

CFSR Thiessen Polygons

TI ValueHigh : 23.8535

Low : 4.16128

Enfraz

500


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Enfraz

Debre_Tabor

Addis_Zemen

0 10 205 Kilometers

MET station STN

STN Thiessen Polygons

CFSR Thiessen Polygons

TI ValueHigh : 23.8535

Low : 4.16128

High : 23.5086

Low : 4.17124

CFN C:

D = 0.54

M = 0.89

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

J

M

J

M

J

M

J

M

J

M

J

M

J

M

J

M

J

M

J

M

/

C : 19972006 CF

= 3.1905 + 32.869 = 0.7859

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

0 100 200 300 400 500

C


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() ()

CA C.

C: 2, 4, 8, 12 /

: 4, 2, 1, 0.5, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 /

G (GM)


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.

: 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4,

5, 6 /


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://216.172.171.238//

/A01.?=12&=37&.=

CF :


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N P

1.2+Topographic+Index_Cahrlotte+and+Solomon

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