OEP200000 LTE Access Transport Network Dimensioning ISSUE 1.02
129281009 1 OEP100310 LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning ISUEE 1 03
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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning
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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning
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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning
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LTE radio network planning can be divided into three phases. They are shown in above
figure, and consist of dimensioning, nominal planning and cell planning.
According to the above figure, the output result of radio network dimensioning stage
serves as the input condition of the nominal planning, and the nominal planning is based
on the network dimensioning and also checks the network dimensioning result. The site
quantity can be adjusted according to the nominal planning result in order to obtain the
reasonable sites. If the existing sites are considered in the selection of theoretical sites
during the nominal planning, the nominal planning result will be more practical, thus
facilitating the cell planning.
LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning
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Radio Network Dimensioning is a simplified analysis for radio network
Dimensioning provides the first and most rapid evaluation of the network element numberas well as the associated capacity of those elements. The target of dimensioning phase is
to estimate the required site density and site configurations for the area of interest.
Dimensioning activities include radio link budget and coverage analysis, capacity evaluation
and final estimation of the amount of eNodeB hardware, cell average throughput and cell
edge throughput.
Objective:
To obtain the network scale ( approximate eNodeB number and configuration)
Method: Select a proper propagation model, traffic model and subscriber distribution, and
then estimate the eNodeB number, coverage radius, cell throughput, cell edge
throughput and so on.
LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning
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Wireless network dimensioning intends to obtain the approximate EUTRAN scale. Based on
the network dimensioning, geography and traffic distribution, the network is pre-planned
in detail by using planning software and digital map.
Based on the network dimensioning and site information, the initially selected LTE site is
imported into the planning software, and coverage is estimated by parameters setting.
Then an analysis is made to check whether the coverage of the system meet the
requirements. If necessary, the height and tilt of the antenna and the eNodeB quantity are
adjusted to optimize the coverage. And then the system capacity is analyzed to check
whether it meets the requirement.
Plan implementation parameters, such as antenna type / azimuth / tilt / altitude / feeder
type / length
Plan cell parameters, such as tracking area planning, PCI planning, Neighbor relation
planning, PRACH configuration planning
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We should consider other factors when we select the backup sites
Commercial factor: rent Radio propagation factor: situation / height / surrounding /
Implementation factor: space / antenna installation / transmission / power supply
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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning
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Generally, LTE has the same dimensioning procedure as the other wireless system
In the coverage dimensioning, the link is estimated according to elements such as plannedarea, network capacity, and equipment performance in order to obtain the allowed
maximum path loss. The maximum cell radius is obtained according to the radio
propagation model and allowed maximum path loss. And then the site coverage area is
calculated. Finally, the site quantity is calculated. Of course, the site quality is only for the
ideal cell status, and some additional sites will be needed in actual terrain environment.
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The main goal for coverage dimensioning is the estimation of the site coverage area, i.e.
identify the number of sites for a given area. This is achieved using a link budget
calculation which provides an estimate on the maximum allowed PL (Path Loss) in the
downlink and uplink. Once the maximum Path Loss is identified it can be used to calculate
cell range, cell area and site area.
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1.03bug
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EIRP, Equivalent Isotropic Radiated Power
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The type of area will affect the pass loss during the link budget, including
Channel mode Indoor penetration loss
Standard deviation of shadow fading margin
Path loss factor
Morphologies determines the propagation model formula using in cell radius calculation,
as well as other parameters such as eNodeB antenna height and penetration loss
Channel model has effect on the demodulation threshold and lead to difference cell radius
ETU: Extended Typical Urban model
EVA: Extended Vehicular A model
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EIRP, Equivalent Isotropic Radiated Power
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In LTE system, OFDMA is used for resource allocation. For different BW, receiver sensitivity
is different, so during the link budget, we should take the single RE as a uniform standard
for calculation
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The ratio of useful signal to noise, is the key parameter in Rx sensitivity calculation and the
representation of equipment performances of features.
MCS = code bits * code rate
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Service rate is the transmission rate after Layer2 process but without
adding CRC
CRC=24
DL:
Every two RBs(1ms sub frame) include RE=1214168.If
the control channel use 3 symbols, RE=312.If RS use 1
symbol, RE=112
UL:
Every two RBs(1ms sub frame) include RE=1214168.If
the control channel use 2 symbols, RE=212.
MCS = code bits * code rate
From service rate and protocol 36213 table 7.1.7.2.1-1,the different RB
number and ITBS will be found. From protocol 36213 table 7.1.7.1-1, the IMCS
will be found.
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The IM is added to the link budget to compensate for the loading of the cell, i.e. the
higher loading allowed, the larger is the interference margin specified.
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Sometimes during the planning, coverage probability also has to be considered.
And for high coverage probability, high shadow fading margin reserved. Normally,
there are two types coverage probabilities: area coverage probability and edge
coverage probability.
According to the standard deviation of the shadow fading and the requirements
for the border coverage probability (determined by the operator), we can calculate
the edge coverage probability by formula.
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According to the standard deviation of the shadow fading and the requirements for the
border coverage probability (determined by the operator), we can calculate the shadow
fading margin by:
Mf (dB value)= NORMSINV (Border coverage probability) x r where
NORMSINV () is the inverse function of the standard normal distribution
accumulation function. The 75% border coverage probability is corresponding to
0.68.
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SFBC: Space Frequency Block Coding
MCW: Multiple Code Word
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