12.810 class web pageeaps.mit.edu/~rap/courses/12810_notes/2015_0 Overview.pdf · •Problem Sets ....
Transcript of 12.810 class web pageeaps.mit.edu/~rap/courses/12810_notes/2015_0 Overview.pdf · •Problem Sets ....
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12.810 class web page
eaps.mit.edu/~rap/courses/12810.html
•Handout notes
•Additional remarks
•Links to other material
•Problem Sets
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500 hPa height , surface pressure
2015 Feb 04 18Z
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500 hPa height , surface pressure
2015 Feb 04 18Z
Smaller scale features less evident in middle/upper troposphere
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Large scales completely dominate in the stratosphere
(near 30 km)
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Large scales completely dominate in the stratosphere
(near 30 km)
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850 hPa , 2006 Feb 04-06
Feb 04 Feb 05 Feb 06
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850 hPa , 2006 Feb 04-06
Feb 04 Feb 05 Feb 06
Synoptic scale eddies can develop rapidly (1-2 d.) and move generally eastward
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Z , 2006 Feb 06
850 hPa
300 hPa
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Z , 2006 Feb 06
850 hPa
300 hPa
Synoptic scale eddies tilt
westward with height
(less so when mature)
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Jan 500 hPa
climatology
Quasi-stationary
planetary-scale waves
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Jan 850/500/300 hPa climatology
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Jan 850/500/300 hPa climatology
little if any phase shift with height (in the
troposphere)
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Observed zonal mean u, T DJF
JJA
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Observed zonal mean u, T DJF
JJA
tropopause
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Observed zonal mean u, T DJF
JJA
main
tropospheric
jets
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Observed zonal mean u, T DJF
JJA
midlatitude surface
westerlies
tropical easterlies
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Observed zonal mean u, T DJF
JJA
polar night jets in winter
stratosphere
summertime
stratospheric
easterlies
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Mean meridional circulation DJF
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Mean meridional circulation DJF
V ~ 1 m/s
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Mean meridional circulation DJF Hadley cells
Ferrell cells
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Seasonal variation of the
Hadley circulation
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Different averaging approaches
(Townsend & Johnson, JAS, 1985)
Average at fixed p
Average at fixed θ
mass streamfunction
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