123D Introduction Assembling Components
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Transcript of 123D Introduction Assembling Components
Introduction to Autodesk® 123D® Tatjana Dzambazova – Autodesk
Assembling components – Make a bike
Above is an illustration of a bike that was created as an assembly of various components. In this lesson, you will learn how to assemble various components that exist as separate 123D models into one construct.
Table of Contents ASSEMBLIES .................................................................................................................................... 2
The principle of assembling ..................................................................................................... 2 CREATING AN ASSEMBLY ................................................................................................................ 7
Grounded ................................................................................................................................. 7 Insert a component ................................................................................................................. 8 Exercise ................................................................................................................................. 10
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ASSEMBLIES
The principle of assembling 123D offers a powerful set of assembly tools, accessible in the ‘Main Toolbar’, under the ‘Design Intent’ section.
Assembling tools are only applicable between different Components, and thus, you have to organize your 123D model accordingly. You cannot apply assembly rules between different geometries that belong to the same component. In this example, the approach is that each part of the bike is modeled as a separate 123D model and then, we would be inserting those individual components in one overarching ‘Bike’ project and assemble them with the help of various assembly technics.
You can find 6 different assembly techniques in 123D:
• Mate: allows to assembly two faces of two different components to become parallel. In this mode of assembly the direction of the normal of the two faces are opposite of each other (see illustration for clarification). There is an additional option to define a gap (offset) between the spaces. Note that when selecting two components, it is the first one that will be the one that will move towards the second one.
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• Flush: This technic is similar to Mate, with the difference that the direction of the faces is the same, not opposite as in Mate. Here you also have the option to set an offset between the assembled faces.
• Angle: Allows you to define an angle value between the two faces. Additional
control allows inverting of the angle value.
1. Align: Use the Align mode between two edges of components that need to be
aligned. You have the offset option here as well. Align can also be applied to assemble two cylindrical faces or two axes.
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2. Center: Allows you to place 2 circular edges in a concentric manner. You can inverse
the positioning with additional option. Offset option is also available.
3. Tangent: Allows you to position two faces at a tangent. Additional control allows for
inversing the tangent condition. Offset is also available.
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123D proposes a selection of assembly modes dependent on the selection made. For example, if two faces of cylinders were selected, 123D will propose only those assembly modes that are applicable; which would be: ‘Align’, ‘Tangent’, ‘Center’.
Once you have made an assembly connection, you will see it listed in the Browser. There you will find the type of assembly mode that was applied (Mate, Flush, Angle, Align, Center, Tangent) and under the main assembly node, you can see the components used in the assembly. You can rename the default name of an assembly.
A right click on the assembly in the Browser opens a context menu in which one can find the following options:
4. Edit: Allows modifying of an assembly. It is however not possible to change the type of assembly. The controls relevant to the used assembly mode will be displayed (offset and inversion) and can be modified.
5. Suppress: This option is displayed with a delete checkbox. Once an assembly rule has been applied, it can limit the movements of components in the assembly. If, for example, you used ‘Mate’ assembly type, it will not be possible any more to move one of the objects in the assembly. The ‘Suppress’ option, when checked, indicates to 123D that you wish to ignore the imposed constraints by the selected assembly type.
6. Delete: Allows deleting in a definitive way. This can be interesting when you have used the assembly tool only to position easily components in respect to each other but where you are not interested to keep a constraint between the components.
Once an assembly tool is used, 123D will try to preserve the constraints during the editing of one of its components. For example, in the robot example that you see in the illustration, if a rotation is applied to the ‘Upper Leg -‐ Right’ component, all related components (‘Lower Leg -‐ Right’ and ‘Foot -‐ Right’) will also move/pan accordingly:
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Here a diagram of how the individual components were assembled:
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CREATING AN ASSEMBLY To use assembly you need at least two components. The order of what you click first is crucially important for the final result. The component that you will select first will be the one that will be submitted to change (move, rotate etc.) to accommodate the required assembly type. After having selected the first component (or a face of it) you will have to press and hold the ‘Shift’ key before selecting the second component (or a face on it). In the following example we want to create assembly between the rod (green) and the handle (red). This is how the scenario will look like:
• Select the circle at the bottom of the rod. • Press and hold the ‘Shift’ key. • Select the circle at the end of the red component.
In this example, the rod will be moved towards the handle.
In majority of the cases 123D will choose to apply the correct type of assembly, but we still have a choice to apply different ones, using the selection in the pill menu. Note that as a rule, only the possible assembly types will be displayed.
Grounded There is one property that a component can have that can be very useful during assembling. It is called ‘Grounded’. When this property is assigned to a component, this component will not move from its location, regardless the commands applied. To see or apply this property, select a component node in the browser and right click.
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In the following illustration you can see an assembled object. The goal in it was to create an assembly that will function as bielle/piston when the red handle is turned. Without any component set as ‘Grounded’, the rotation of the handle will rotate all other components (see the illustration in the middle) which is not the effect that you desire. If however, you declare the cylinder to be ‘grounded’, the assembly will function correctly (as shown in the illustration on the right side).
Insert a component If you had modeled all your components as separate 123D models, you will have to insert them in your model in order to use them in your assembling. To do that, you can select the ‘Insert Component’ option that appears in the context menu of the main node in the Browser or you can find the same option in the ‘Main Toolbar’, under the ‘Primitives’ section.
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In both cases, a new dialog box will open. In it, you can navigate your folders and find the 123D files you wish to insert. Finish with Open.
Once the insert is finished, the inserted component will be visible in the Browser. You can rename it, if you desire, by double-‐clicking on the name. By default, 123D will add the suffix ‘CopyX’ where ‘X’ represents the number of times this component was inserted. If as example, you imported twice the component called ‘Wheel – 08’, the first import will be called ‘Wheel – 08Copy1’ and the second ‘Wheel – 08 Copy2’.
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Exercise 1. Open the folder ‘KidBike-‐Base.123d’. It contains the front wheel of the bike. Zoom in to
start placing other components. 2. In this model, using the method described before, insert the ‘Rear Wheel.123d’
component. Try not to place too close to the existing component.
3. Insert also the component ‘Frame.123d’. Place it close to the rear wheel.
4. Connect the rear wheel and the hole of the ‘Frame’ component using an assembly type
‘Center. Use zoom whenever you feel that you are not having enough control to pick what you intended. Start by selecting the hole of the ‘Frame’ component when you start the assembly. Validate when done (right click, ok).
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5. Insert the file called ‘Saddle.123d’. Place it close and above the ‘Frame’ component.
6. Create, between the ‘Saddle’ and the hole in the ‘Frame’ component, an assembly type
using the ‘Center’ option. Start by selecting the axis of the ‘Saddle’ component when you start the assembly. Right click, OK to finish.
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7. You have to create the same assembly for the lower axis and the hole corresponding to
the ‘Frame’ component. For that, you should: -‐ Hide the ‘Frame’ component in order to be able to see the entire axis of the
‘Saddle’ component. -‐ Start with the assembly by selecting the circle on the axis (just as we did in
step 6) -‐ Turn back on the visibility of the ‘Frame’ component and hide the ‘Saddle’ to
be able to see the hole in the frame. -‐ Finish the assembly by selecting the lower circle from the frame (just as we
did in step 6) -‐ Validate to confirm the assembly.
8. Insert the ‘Fork.123d’ component. Place it close and above the front wheel.
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9. Create, between the axis of the wheel and the corresponding hole of the ‘Fork’ an
assembly type ‘Center’. Start the assembly by selecting the hole in the ‘Fork’ component. Validate to finish.
10. Create between the ‘Fork’ component and the corresponding hole on the ‘Frame’ component an assembly type ‘Align’. Start the assembly process by selecting the hole in the Fork’ component. Validate to confirm the assembly.
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11. Make additional assembly of the ‘Align’ type between these two components in a way that the fork is correctly placed in the framework. Start the assembly by selecting the face of the ‘Fork’ component (attention, it's the interior face that needs to be selected). Validate to finish.
According to the placement made for the framework, you might need to select different faces than the one indicated – remember the goal is to arrive to correct placement of the fork in the frame.
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12. Insert the file called ‘Main Axis.123d’. Place it close and above the framework.
13. Create an assembly type ‘Align’ between the ‘Main Axis’ ad the corresponding hole in
the ‘Fork’. Zoom and orbit if needed. Start the assembly process by selecting the cylinder of the ‘Main Axis’ component. Validate to confirm the assembly.
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14. You will need to make additional new assembly type ‘Flush’ between these two
components, such that the axis is correctly positioned in respect to the fork and the framework. You should start the assembly by first selecting the top face of the ‘Main Axis’ component. Set offset value of -‐0.5. Validate when done.
15. From the Browser, select the ‘Frame’ component. Select the tool ‘Move/Rotate/Scale’,
reposition the triad over the center of the axis of the back wheel. Don't hesitate to zoom or orbit to place the elements correctly. Click on ‘Finish Reorient’.
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16. Orbit the view so that you can make a rotation around the ‘X’ axis. Click on the circle of
the triad, hold the click and apply a rotation of the framework by dragging the mouse in (towards?) right direction.
17. Right click and select ‘Cancel’ to delete the rotation.
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18. In the browser, expand the ‘Assembly Constraints’ node. The assembly types are listed and when you hoover the mouse over each, you can see that each of them will get highlighted in the model. Find the one that we placed in step 11 (between the fork and framework). It should be the second assembly of the ‘Align’ type.
19. Right click on this assembly and select ‘Suppress’.
This, as previously explained, will allow you to turn the fork and see if the constrains are respected (if all was done well, the wheel should at the same time).
20. From the browser, select the ‘Fork’ component. Select ‘Move/Rotate/Scale’, reposition the triad over the center of the ‘Main Axis’. Zoom to position correctly. Click on ‘Finish Reorient’ to accept the new position of the triad.
21. Orbit the view in a way that you will be able to rotate around the ‘Z’ axis. Click on the
circle of the triad, hold the click and apply a rotation of the fork by dragging the mouse towards the right.
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Autodesk and 123D are registered trademarks or trademarks of Autodesk, Inc., and/or its subsidiaries and/or affiliates in the USA and/or other countries. All other brand names, product names, or trademarks belong to their respective holders. Autodesk reserves the right to alter product and services offerings, and specifications and pricing at any time without notice, and is not responsible for typographical or graphical errors that may appear in this document. © 2012 Autodesk, Inc. All rights reserved.