1.2.2 Lesson 1 - immediate effects on the cv system
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Transcript of 1.2.2 Lesson 1 - immediate effects on the cv system
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GCSE PE
Unit 1.2.2
The Cardiovascular System
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Exercise has a number of immediate effects upon the cardiovascular system:
Increased Heart Rate
Increase in Blood Pressure
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With a partner, create a mind map of everything that you know about
the CV system using task 1
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The Cardiovascular system is made up of 3 parts…
3. The Heart1. Blood
2. Blood Vessels
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Heart rate (or pulse rate) is the number of times your heart beats every minute.
It is expressed in beats per minute (bpm).
Resting heart rate varies from individual to individual and is affected by fitness.
The fitter you are, the lower your resting heart rate will be.
A normal resting heart rate is between 60-80 bpm.
The average resting heart rate is about 70–75 bpm.
You can measure how fast your heart is beating by taking your pulse.
This can be done at the wrist or the neck.
Count how many times your heart beats in 6 seconds and then multiply
by 10.
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Lets do it………
Using the …… on page…… of your book to record your result for the following activities:
1.Sitting in a chair
2.Jogging on the spot for 1 min
3.Running as fast as you can for 30 seconds
You can measure how fast your heart is beating by
taking your pulse. This can be done at the
wrist or the neck. Count how many times your
heart beats in 6 seconds and then multiply by 10.
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The four chambers of the heart have special names:
A lower chamber is called a ventricle.
An upper chamber is called an atrium (plural: atria).
rightatrium
rightventricle
leftatrium
leftventricle
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The heart as a pump
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There are three types of blood vessels, as shown in this magnified part of the circulatory system.
Why are there different types of blood vessels?
blood from the heart
blood to the heart
arterycarries blood
back intothe heart
carries blood away fromthe heart
carries blood to and from the body’s cells
vein
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thick outer wall
thick inner layer of muscle and elastic fibres
narrow central tube (lumen)
thin outer wall
thin inner layer of muscle and elastic fibres
wide central tube (lumen)
wall only one cell thick
ARTERY
VEINCAPILLARY
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When blood is flowing against gravity, or when a vein is squeezed by muscle action, there is a risk that blood will flow in the wrong direction. Veins have valves to prevent backflow.
blood to the heart
backflow prevented
vein valve open
vein valve closed
The valves allow blood to flow in the correct
direction…
…but close if blood starts to flow in the wrong
direction.
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• Blood pressure is the force exerted by blood on the walls of the arteries.
• It increases during exercise as more blood is pumped around the body.
• You use a blood pressure meter to measure both systolic and diastolic blood pressure
Systolic PressureThe maximum pressure in the
arteries when the heart contracts (beats) and pushes
blood out through the aorta into the body.
Increases during exercise.Decreases during rest.
Diastolic PressureThe pressure of the blood during
the relaxation phase between beats (when the heart is at
rest).Pulse Pressure
The difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressures.
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Lets do it…….
Get into a group of 4
Task 3 in your book - you need to take the readings of all the people in your group.
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The heart as a pump
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thick outer wall
thick inner layer of muscle and elastic fibres
narrow central tube (lumen)
thin outer wall
thin inner layer of muscle and elastic fibres
wide central tube (lumen)
wall only one cell thick
ARTERY
VEINCAPILLARY
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• Check your weight• Limit alcohol consumption
• Don’t smoke• Eating too much salt
• Avoid stress and anxiety• Regular exercise
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Complete the following:
1. Update any missed notes from today’s lesson.
2. To do Homework 1 on page 3.