12.08 · PDF file12.08.2015 3 DNV GL © 2013 August 2015 Standards Overview Wellhead/XT:...

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DNV GL © 2013 August 2015 SAFER, SMARTER, GREENER DNV GL © 2013

August 2015

Introduction to Subsea Production Systems

03 Drilling and Wellhead Systems

03 Drilling and Wells

DNV GL © 2013 August 2015

Drilling and Well

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Photo: U.S. Coast Guard

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0d/Defense.gov_photo_essay_100421-G-0000L-003.jpg

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Goals

Understand the premises and interfaces to the drilling activity

To understand the main building blocks in a well

To be able to participate in debates regarding drilling activity and well architecture

Slide 3


Subsea Drilling and Wellhead Systems

This module will cover:

Applicable codes and standards

Reservoir Engineering

Subsea Wells

Subsea Well Program

Wellhead Equipment

Deepwater drilling

Slide 4

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Standards Overview

Wellhead/XT:

API 6a

API 17d

ISO 10423

ISO 13628-4

BOP

ISO 13628-7

NORSOK D-001

NORSOK D-010

API Spec 6A

API Spec 16A

API RP 16E

API RP 53

API 16d

API Spec 16C

Casing Tubing, Downhole

ISO 11960

API 5ct(2)(3)

API 14a(b)(h)(j)

ISO 10426-1 (cement)

Drilling Equip.

API 7K

API RP 64

API 4F

API 8C

DNV-OS-E101

General

ISO 13628-1

NORSOK D-001

NORSOK D-010

NORSOK U-001

OLF Guideline 070

PSA Norway

DNV-OS-C101

Riser/Umbilicals

ISO 13628-2

ISO 13628-3

ISO 13628-5

ISO 13628-7

API RP 16Q

API Spec 16R

DNV-OSS-302

DNV-OS-F201

DNV-RP-F206

Control Systems

ISO 13628-6

API Spec 16D

Well Foundation

API RP 2A

Slide 5


Applicable codes and standards

Main codes for wellhead and drilling:

API 6A/ISO 10423 Specification for Wellhead and

Christmas Tree Equipment

API 17D/ISO 13628-4 Subsea wellhead and tree

equipment

API 16A / ISO 13533 Specification for Drill-through

Equipment

+ ASME, ISO, BS +++

NORSOK D-010 Well integrity in drilling and well

operations

NORSOK U-001 Subsea production systems

Slide 6

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Subsea Wells

The main development well types:

Exploration wells

Production wells (oil, gas)

Injection wells (water, gas)

Well design through the reservoir:

Vertical

Deviated

Horizontal

Multi branch (side-track)

Enhanced Recovery:

Water injection

Gas injection

WAG; water alternating gas injection

Artificial lift

Slide 9


Different Well Types at Tyrihans

The Evolution of Wells at Tyrihans

Slide 10

Animations/drenering.wmv

Animations/drenering.wmv

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Subsea Well Program

Typical Subsea Well Program:

Drill 36” hole to ~80m

Run and cement 30” Conductor

Drill 26” hole to ~800m

Run and cement 20” casing with 18 3/4” (link) WH

Run Blow-out-preventer (BOP)

Drill 17 ½” hole to ~1300m

Run and cement 13 3/8” Casing

Drill 12 1/4” hole to ~1700m

Run and cement 9 5/8” Casing

Drill 8 ½” hole to ~2000m

Clean up well

Abandon well (run plug or close valve)

Proceed to completion operations

This program can be a 100 days plan

BOP

Slide 11


Video, Running Wellhead

Wellhead.avi

Slide 12

Animations/02 - Wellhead.avi

Animations/02 - Wellhead.avi

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Conventional mud circulation system


Relation to Pore/Fracture Pressure Plot

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Casing Diagram

Slide 16

DNV GL © 2013 August 2015 Slide

17

Xmas Tree Systems

Typical Tree Installation Sequence:

Install Xmas Tree on Wellhead using drill string and

Tree Running Tool (TRT)

Recover TRT

Run BOP and marine riser

Remove down hole plugs

Run completion / production tubing

Perforate tubing at reservoir depth

Inhibit well and prepare to abandon

Install internal tree cap

Retrieve marine riser and BOP

Drill rig moves to next well

Flowlines and flying leads installed by Rig or

installation vessel

XT XT

BOP

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Well barriers

Slide 19

Source: NORSOK D-010


Wellhead equipment

18 ¾” Wellhead Housing

30” Conductor Housing

9 5/8” Casing Hanger

18 ¾” Packoff

(Annulus seal assembly)


Drilling Guide Base

The wellhead system suspends the casing and serve as a barrier for well fluids against the environment.

There are 5 main suppliers of subsea Wellhead systems:

- GE Oil & Gas (ex. Vetco Gray)

- FMC

- Aker Solutions

- Drill-Quip

- Cameron

The wellheads are usually designed according to API 17D (ISO13628-4) and API 6A (ISO10423).

The 18 3/4 ” Wellhead Housing often has a H4 Vetco external profile for subsea wells.

The internal seal and locking profiles are supplier specific.

Main components:

Casing Diagram

Slide 24

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Wellhead equipment

Slide 25


Deepwater drilling

An increasing number of the subsea wells worldwide are located in deepwater.

Deepwater is usually defined as water depths from 300 – 1500 m, with greater

than 1500 m water depth classified as ultra deepwater. These depths impose

significant challenges with respect to subsea drilling.

Existing drilling rigs allow for drilling in water depths in the order of 2400 m. New

generation drill rigs and drill ships are being designed for water depths beyond

3000 m.

In deep water, drilling requires very heavy equipment, drilling operations and well

control procedures are more difficult and well costs can rise dramatically.

The following new techniques are considered to have a significant impact on the

subsea well construction costs:

• Under balanced drilling

• Riser less drilling or dual gradient drilling system

• Casing while drilling

• Expandable casing strings

Slide 26

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Mono bore drilling

Slide 27


Buzz group

What are the main principles in order to get the oil and gas?

Please give details…

– How do you get to the reservoir?

– How do you get the oil/gas out?

– Where does the oil/gas go from there?

– Think of some safety features in drilling operations…

Slide 29

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Drilling and Wells

Key takeaways:

Reservoir engineering

Subsea well design and drilling program

Wellhead equipment

Deepwater drilling

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Safeguarding life, property and the environment

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30” Conductor Housing

BACK BACK

Wellhead Locking Profile

Running Profile

Flow by Port

Guidebase Landing Shoulder

Conductor Extension

Slide 32


18 3/4” Wellhead Housing

BACK

Lockdown ring

Vetco H4 Profile

Slide 33

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BACK

13 3/8” Casing Pup Joint

Slide 34



BACK

Landing Shoulder

Fluted Centraliser

9 5/8” Casing Pup Joint

Slide 35

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18 3/4” Pack-off

BACK Locking Mandrel

Metal Seal

Wellhead Lock Ring

Slide 36


Drilling Guide Base

BACK

Slide 37

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Subsea BOP

BACK

Blowout.wmv

Slide 38

Animations/Blowout.wmv

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