Fiqh-ul-'Ibaadat

Speaker: Sister Eman

Date: 10. 04. 2012

Ahkaam an-Najaasaat - Rulings on the Impurities

What is the meaning of An-Najaasaat?

Najaasah means impure.

An-Najaasaat: Ashyaa' mustaqzirah shar'an ->

Dirt /Impurities: Things which are (considered) dirty/impure according to the

religion (Islam).

There are certain things which Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala said that they are

impure or dirty. For example: Dog is considered as najaasah (impure) in Islam

but not in other religions. In Islam, things are considered as dirty/impure

according to Allah's Legislation.

So Najaasah means things which are considered as dirt/impure by the

Sharee'ah.

Thamna' min sahat-as-Salaat wa-t-Tawaaf ->

An-Najaasah prevents from performing As-Salaat (Prayer) and At-Tawaaf.

(Circumambulating of the Ka'bah seven times during Umrah or Hajj)

:Its classification- (Aqsaamuhaa) ا������

Aqsaam-an-Najaasah -> Classification of dirt / impurities-

There are two types of An-Najaasah/dirt:

• ���ا��ا� � ا�

• � ا���� ا����

1. ���ا��ا� � ا� (An-Najaasah-az-Zaateeyah)-> Dirty/Impure by itself-

This means something which is by itself dirty / unclean and even if you wash it

or clean it (with water and soap) it will remain dirty.

For example: Urine, stool, dog, pig, flowing blood (not blood stains), the dead

etc.

It is not possible to wash it or purify it (An-Najaasah az-Zaateeyah) because it is

dirty by itself.

People having dogs in their houses will have a decrease in their rewards

everyday which is equal to the mountains of Uhud. This is meant for everyone

in the house where a dog or a puppy is kept.

It was narrated that Ibn ‘Umar (may Allaah be pleased with him) said: “I heard

the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) say:

‘Whoever keeps a dog, except a dog that is trained for hunting or a dog for

herding livestock, his reward will decrease each day by two qeeraats.’”

(Narrated by al-Bukhaari, 5059; Muslim, 2941; according to another version

narrated by them both, “one qeeraat”)

[Source: http://www.islamqa.info/en/ref/13356 ]

We are not allowed to ask that if we can keep cats at home, then why not dogs

because we need to obey Allah's legislation and stick on to what is halal and

what is haram as everything is by His Wisdom.

1. � Impure due to the presence of <-(An-Najaasah-al-Hakmiyyah) ا���� ا����

dirt by chance but not dirty by itself.

This means something (place, clothes etc.) which is pure becomes dirty / impure

because of the presence of impurities/dirt by chance on it.

For example: Clothes becoming dirty by the presence of urine on it, shoes getting

dirty if stepped on feces by chance etc.

It is possible to purify it (An-Najasah al-Hakmiyyah) because it is not dirty by itself

but becomes dirty due to the accidental presence of dirt such as urine, stool,

blood etc. on it.

There's no need to throw the clothes, shoes or carpets on which the impurities

were present because they can be purified with soap and water and can be

reused.

Differences between An-Najaasah-az-Zaateeyah and An-Najaasah-al-Hakmiyyah:

• An-Najaasah-az-Zaateeyah-> dirty by itself and it cannot be purified.

• An-Najaasah-al-Hakmiyyah-> not dirty by itself and it can be purified.

Now we will look at the important one which is An-Najaasah al-Hakmiyyah (dirt

that can be purified).

Darajaat An-Najaasah->Levels of An-Najaasah

There are different levels of An-Najaasah and we need to purify according to

these levels.

For example: Blood or urine of adults / a baby girl on clothes, carpet etc. is

purified in a different way from that of the urine of a baby boy. Something

licked by the dogs are purified in a different way from something licked by

other animals.

So there are levels of dirt and according to these levels we need to know how

purifications are done in different ways.

There are different levels of An-Najaasah al-Hakmiyyah:

1. An-Najaasah Al-mughalladhah (Heavy Impurity):

An-Najaasah al-Mughalladhah means something which is extremely dirty or

impure. For example: something which is licked by the dog.

How to purify this [An-Najaasah al-Mughalladhah]:

-It should be washed seven times, one of which should be with soil. And the

evidence for that:

Abu Hurayrah (may Allaah be pleased with him) reported that - the

Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “If a

dog licks the vessel of any one of you, let him wash it seven times, one of

which should be with earth.”

The same way, if a dog licks anywhere inside the house like furniture or

something, then it should be washed seven times-> six times with water and

one time with soil.

This type of purification will kill all the germs. If you clean it only with water

without soil, then it won't be purified completely.

Whatever Allah has said haram or Najas, will be something that will harm us

And so we need to submit to Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala and obey His

commands.

2. An-Najaasah Al-Mutawassitah (Medium Impurity):

An-Najaasah al-Mutawassitah means something which is a medium dirty or

impure. For example: Urine and stool of human beings, menstrual blood and

most of this type of impurities.

How to purify this [An-Najaassah al-Mutawassitah]:

-Wash it (dirt) with a lot of water until it is cleared and purified.

The dirt (for ex: feces) should be removed before washing and rubbing it with

water.

Suppose if there is urine on some part of a carpet, then you need to wash only

that part thoroughly and no need to wash the whole carpet.

3. An-Najaasah Al-Mukhaffafah (Light Impurity):

An-Najaasah al-Mukhaffafah means something which is lightly impure or

dirty. For example: Urine of a baby boy who is breast fed or fed with other

milk, as long as he doesn't eat any other food.

If this urine falls on your clothes or something like that, how to purify this

[An-Najaasah al-Mukhaffafah]:

-Sprinkle water on the area where there is urine till it covers the entire area

of urine and there is no need to rub it or squeeze it (NO need to WASH it

thoroughly with soap and water).The evidence for that:

Narrated from Umm Qays bint Mihsan (may Allaah be pleased with her) that she

brought a son of hers who was not yet eating food to the Messenger of Allaah (peace

and blessings of Allaah be upon him). The Messenger of Allaah (peace and

blessings of Allaah be upon him) sat him on his lap, and he urinated on his garment,

so he called for some water and sprinkled it, but did not wash it. [Al-Bukhaari (223)

and Muslim (287)]

Source: http://islamqa.info/en/ref/36877

But the urine of a baby girl is An-Najaasah al-Mutawassitah and it should be

washed thoroughly by rubbing or squeezing.

Narrated from ‘Ali ibn Abi Taalib (may Allaah be pleased with him) that the

Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said concerning

the urine of an infant boy: “Sprinkle the urine of a boy and wash the urine of a girl.”

[Al-Tirmidhi (610) and Ibn Maajah (525) - Classed as Saheeh by al-Albaani in

Saheeh at-Tirmidhi]

So the urine of a baby boy is An-Najaasah al-Mukhaffafah and the urine of a

baby girl is An-Najaasah al-Mutawassitah.

Points to Remember >>>

An-Najaasaat-> 1) An-Najaasah az-Zaateeyah

2) An-Najaasah al-Hakmiyyah

Darajaat An-Najaasah:

An-Najaasah al-Hakmiyyah->

• An-Najaasah Al-Mukhaffafah (Light Impurity): Ex: Urine of a baby boy.

Purification: Sprinkle water on it till it covers it (the entire area of urine) and no

need to rub it or squeeze it.

• An-Najaasah Al-Mutawassitah (Medium Impurity): Ex: Urine and stool of

human beings, menstrual blood etc.

Purification: Wash it thoroughly with a lot of water until it is completely

removed and purified.

• An-Najaasah Al-Mughalladhah (Heavy Impurity/Extremely dirty): Ex:

Impurities like something which is licked by the dog.

Purification: It should be washed seven times, one of which should be with soil.

And Allah knows best

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Please let me know if any corrections are to be made.

Zabira Dawood

E-mail id: falaq_ckd@yahoo.com