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National Indicators for the Israeli Water Sector

National Indicators for the Israeli Water Sector

WORKSHOP - 10-11.12.07

SWITCH PROJECT

Miki ZaideWater Commission, Planning Division

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Outline

•• Israeli Water Sector (IWS)Israeli Water Sector (IWS)-- backgroundbackground

•• Indicators in the IWS Indicators in the IWS -- backgroundbackground

•• Indicators for sustainable development Indicators for sustainable development ––report on a work in progressreport on a work in progress

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The Extent of Water Shortage

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The Extent of Water Shortage

200 m200 m33/y/capita /y/capita –– 40% of 40% of ““Shortage Red Shortage Red LineLine”” of UNof UN

2025 2025 –– Domestic and Municipal needs Domestic and Municipal needs onlyonly

Complicated OperationComplicated Operation

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Map of Aquifers in Israel

Total annual potential production (average) –

1,555 MCM

Kinneret basins650

Eastern basins130

Negev Basin

Arava Basin

Western Galilee Aquifer - 110

Carmel Aquifer - 25

The Coastal Aquifer - 250Mountain

Aquifer - 320

70

6

Main Water Supply System

108” Pipeline

-200

-150

-100

-50

0

+50

+100

+150

+200

HaifaNetofa

Tel Aviv

Sea ofGalilee

S N

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2000 2000 ““Walking on the EdgeWalking on the Edge””

2000 2000 ““Sustainable ApproachSustainable Approach””

Policy – Water Sector’s Management and Development

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40100

140

270315

2005 2006 2008 2009 2010

Development of Sea Water Desalination Plants

)30(

)100(

(30)

(45)

(110)

)50(Hadera

Palmachim

Ashdod

Ashkelon

Shomrat

Import

B.O.O

B.O.T

B.O.T

Turnkey

B.O.O

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Sustainability in the IWS

%of Natural Resources

TotalMCM/Y

Sewage Effluents

MCM/Y

DesalinationMCM/Y

YearMCM/Y

18%28028002000

30%4603401202005

56%8755103652010

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INA – Israeli National Authority

The Solution:

Establishment of Governmental Water Authority

• Management of the whole “Water Chain”.

• Gathering of all regulatory bodies under one roof.

• Transfer of management authorities from Ministers to professional Water Board.

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Sustainability in Water Sector

Natural ResourcesQuantity, Quality

Rivers, Floods, Springs, Aquifers

WATER RESOURCES

WATER DEMAND

Manufactured ResourcesNew Water Resources

Treated Wastewater

Efficient Use

Essential needs and Quality of LifeDomestic

Municipal

Industry

Public RequirementsNational InterestsAgriculture (Open Lands, Congestion of Population, Guarding of Borders, Keeping National Lands)

Nature Purposes

Peace Process

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Indicators in the Israeli Water Sector (IWS) - Why?

• No data available = there is no management !

• Till now: general reports for each theme.examples:- Hydrological Service Annual report - Demand management annual report- Mekorot’s monthly supply reportThere is no systematic comprehensive analysis

• Is the IWS policy is more sustainable than last year. In what aspects ?

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Indicators - Objectives

1. Analyze (time, spatial) all aspects of watermanagement in the IWS

2. Assess different policies and national planning aspects changing regarding to indicators that have been chosen.

3. To create a management tool.

4. To be in line with international resolutions concerning sustainability

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Indicators in Israel- Review

• Prof. Eran Faitelson’s work ~ 16 Indicators

• Sea of Galilee – quality indicator

• The Central Bureau of Statistics – buildingnational database & “executive reports” (economic and financial)

• Plan Blue – MCSD National Report

• General reports specific for each theme

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Indicators for Sustainable development in the IWS - TOR approach

Indicator 1 Indicator 2

Sub ThemeIndex

Theme Index

IWSNational Index

Indicator n

Sub ThemeIndex

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Sustainable Indicators in IsraelTOR approach - Example

Indicator 1 Indicator 2

Water QualityWater Quantity

Water Sources

IWSNational Index

Indicator n

Water SupplySystem

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Indicators - Key Questions

• Should the chosen indicators reflect the current objectives of the WC ?

• Are indicators constant in time ?

• Should we include indicators that are not monitored nowadays?

• In what way should we group the indicators ?

• What are the boundaries of the Water Sector ?

• Importing all water needs – Is it sustainable ?

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Thank you !

Miki Zaide Water Commission, Planning Department

Michaelz10@water.gov.il

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0

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

R[Chl]

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

R[PP]

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

R[%

Cyano

]

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

R[FColi]

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

R[B

OD]

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100

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Chl, μg L-1

`

0.0

1.5

3.0

4.5

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

PP, g

C m

-2 d

-1

0

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40

60

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

%Cyano

, %

`

0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

BOD

5, mg O

2 L-1

0

400

800

1200

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Fcoli

Fig. 2. Seasonal dynamics of the ecological (right panels) and rating (leftpanel) values of WQIs in 2004

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Summer-Fall7-Jul, 8-Aug, 9-Sep, 10-Oct, 11-Nov, 12-Dec0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

Winter-Spring1-Jan, 2-Feb, 3-Mar, 4-Apr, 5-May, 6-Jun0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

Chloride,mg L-1

Total suspendedsolids, mg L-1

Turbidity,NTU

Total phosphorus,µg L-1

Total nitrogen,mg L-1

Chlorophyll,µg L-1

Primary production,gC m-2 d-1

Cyanobacteria,% of total

Fecal coliforms,No L-1

Water QualityRating

AcceptableAcceptable0 20 40 60 80 100 80 60 40 20 0

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8

85 107 130 152 175 198 220 243 265 288 310

0 0.8 2.7 4.6 6.4 8.3 10.1 12.0 13.9

0.0 0.4 1.4 2.3 3.3 4.3 5.3 6.3 7.2 8.2

3 5 8 11 17 25 37 55 81 120

1 2 5 8 13 22 38 63 106 1793

0 0.1 0.6 1.1 1.7 2.2 2.7 3.2 3.7 4.2 4.7

0 1 7 13 19 25

0 50 100 150 200 250AcceptableAcceptable

0 20 40 60 80 100 80 60 40 20 0

0.0 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.3 1.5

84 107 130 153 176 199 222 245 268 291 314

0 0.3 1.4 2.6 3.7 4.9 6.0 7.2 8.4

0.0 0.1 0.8 1.5 2.2 2.9 3.6 4.3 5.0 5.8

0.6 1.1 1.9 3.3 10.2 18.0 31.7 55.7

0.0 0.3 0.7 1.1 1.5 1.9 2.3 2.7 3.1 3.5

0 6 13 20 27 34

0 16 60 103 146 190

1 2 3 4 6 10 17 27 44 72 116

Water Quality in Lake Kinneret: 2004

10th-90th ( ) & 25th-75th ( ) percentiles of values during 1969-1992

23

4

56 1

2

0.30.2 5.8

7

1 2 345 6 7

1 2 3456 7

1 2 3456 7

1 2 34567

1 23 45

6 78

1 2 3 456

1234

123456 78

89

8 9

8 9

8 9

8 9

910

910

910

10

10

10

10

10

8 7

1112

1112

1112

11

12

11 12

11 12

1112

5 6 7 8 9 101112

1112

Fig. 1. Water Quality in Lake Kinneret in 2004

Summer-Fall7-Jul, 8-Aug, 9-Sep, 10-Oct, 11-Nov, 12-Dec0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

Winter-Spring1-Jan, 2-Feb, 3-Mar, 4-Apr, 5-May, 6-Jun0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

Chloride,mg L-1

Total suspendedsolids, mg L-1

Turbidity,NTU

Total phosphorus,µg L-1

Total nitrogen,mg L-1

Chlorophyll,µg L-1

Primary production,gC m-2 d-1

Cyanobacteria,% of total

Fecal coliforms,No L-1

Water QualityRating

AcceptableAcceptable0 20 40 60 80 100 80 60 40 20 0

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8

85 107 130 152 175 198 220 243 265 288 310

0 0.8 2.7 4.6 6.4 8.3 10.1 12.0 13.9

0.0 0.4 1.4 2.3 3.3 4.3 5.3 6.3 7.2 8.2

3 5 8 11 17 25 37 55 81 120

1 2 5 8 13 22 38 63 106 1793

0 0.1 0.6 1.1 1.7 2.2 2.7 3.2 3.7 4.2 4.7

0 1 7 13 19 25

0 50 100 150 200 250AcceptableAcceptable

0 20 40 60 80 100 80 60 40 20 0

0.0 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.3 1.5

84 107 130 153 176 199 222 245 268 291 314

0 0.3 1.4 2.6 3.7 4.9 6.0 7.2 8.4

0.0 0.1 0.8 1.5 2.2 2.9 3.6 4.3 5.0 5.8

0.6 1.1 1.9 3.3 10.2 18.0 31.7 55.7

0.0 0.3 0.7 1.1 1.5 1.9 2.3 2.7 3.1 3.5

0 6 13 20 27 34

0 16 60 103 146 190

1 2 3 4 6 10 17 27 44 72 116

Water Quality in Lake Kinneret: 2004

10th-90th ( ) & 25th-75th ( ) percentiles of values during 1969-1992

23

4

56 1

2

0.30.2 5.8

7

1 2 345 6 7

1 2 3456 7

1 2 3456 7

1 2 34567

1 23 45

6 78

1 2 3 456

1234

123456 78

89

8 9

8 9

8 9

8 9

910

910

910

10

10

10

10

10

8 7

1112

1112

1112

11

12

11 12

11 12

1112

5 6 7 8 9 101112

1112

Summer-Fall7-Jul, 8-Aug, 9-Sep, 10-Oct, 11-Nov, 12-Dec0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 2000 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

Winter-Spring1-Jan, 2-Feb, 3-Mar, 4-Apr, 5-May, 6-Jun0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 2000 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

Chloride,mg L-1

Total suspendedsolids, mg L-1

Turbidity,NTU

Total phosphorus,µg L-1

Total nitrogen,mg L-1

Chlorophyll,µg L-1

Primary production,gC m-2 d-1

Cyanobacteria,% of total

Fecal coliforms,No L-1

Water QualityRating

AcceptableAcceptable0 20 40 60 80 100 80 60 40 20 00 20 40 60 80 100 80 60 40 20 0

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8

85 107 130 152 175 198 220 243 265 288 310

0 0.8 2.7 4.6 6.4 8.3 10.1 12.0 13.9

0.0 0.4 1.4 2.3 3.3 4.3 5.3 6.3 7.2 8.2

3 5 8 11 17 25 37 55 81 120

1 2 5 8 13 22 38 63 106 1793

0 0.1 0.6 1.1 1.7 2.2 2.7 3.2 3.7 4.2 4.7

0 1 7 13 19 25

0 50 100 150 200 250AcceptableAcceptable

0 20 40 60 80 100 80 60 40 20 0

AcceptableAcceptableAcceptableAcceptable0 20 40 60 80 100 80 60 40 20 00 20 40 60 80 100 80 60 40 20 0

0.0 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.3 1.5

84 107 130 153 176 199 222 245 268 291 314

0 0.3 1.4 2.6 3.7 4.9 6.0 7.2 8.4

0.0 0.1 0.8 1.5 2.2 2.9 3.6 4.3 5.0 5.8

0.6 1.1 1.9 3.3 10.2 18.0 31.7 55.7

0.0 0.3 0.7 1.1 1.5 1.9 2.3 2.7 3.1 3.5

0 6 13 20 27 34

0 16 60 103 146 190

1 2 3 4 6 10 17 27 44 72 116

Water Quality in Lake Kinneret: 2004

10th-90th ( ) & 25th-75th ( ) percentiles of values during 1969-199210th-90th ( ) & 25th-75th ( ) percentiles of values during 1969-1992

2233

44

5566 11

2

0.30.2 5.8

77

11 22 334455 66 77

11 22 33445566 77

11 22 33445566 77

11 22 3344556677

11 2233 4455

66 7788

11 22 33 445566

11223344

112233445566 7788

8899

88 99

88 99

88 99

88 99

991010

991010

991010

1010

1010

1010

1010

1010

88 77

11111212

11111212

11111212

1111

1212

1111 1212

1111 1212

11111212

55 66 77 88 99 101011111212

11111212

Fig. 1. Water Quality in Lake Kinneret in 2004

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

CW

QI

Fig. 3. Seasonal dynamics of CWQI in Lake Kinneret in 2004

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0

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WS SA WS SA WS SA WS SA WS SA WS SA

1992 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

CW

QI

Fig. 5. Semiannaul dynamics of CWQI in 1992 and in 2000-2004. WS – Winter-Summer;SA – Summer-Autumn