12-12-2011 Cellular Respiration12-12-2011 Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis lab due todayPhotosynthesis lab due today

Drill: What is respiration? What kind of Drill: What is respiration? What kind of organisms use respiration?organisms use respiration?

Where does Cellular Respiration take place???Where does Cellular Respiration take place???

Chemical PathwaysChemical Pathways

Food provides living things with the Food provides living things with the chemical chemical building blocksbuilding blocks they need to they need to growgrow and and reproducereproduce..

Chemical Energy and FoodChemical Energy and Food

How much energy is in one gram of How much energy is in one gram of glucoseglucose?? 38113811 calories of calories of heat heat energyenergy A calorie is the amount of A calorie is the amount of energyenergy needed to needed to

raise the raise the temperaturetemperature of 1 gram of water 1 of 1 gram of water 1 degree Celsius.degree Celsius.

Which has the most calories?Which has the most calories?

Cellular RespirationCellular Respiration

More energy is produced if it occurs in the More energy is produced if it occurs in the presence of oxygen.presence of oxygen.

Cellular Respiration Cellular Respiration is the process that is the process that releases energy by breaking down food releases energy by breaking down food molecules in the presence of oxygen.molecules in the presence of oxygen.

Cellular Respiration EquationCellular Respiration Equation

GlycolysisGlycolysis

The breaking down of glucose begins with The breaking down of glucose begins with GLYCOLYSIS. Occurs in the cytoplasmGLYCOLYSIS. Occurs in the cytoplasm

GlucoseGlucose

2 Pyruvic Acid2 Pyruvic Acid

Broken down into

GlycolysisGlycolysis

Glycolysis releases only Glycolysis releases only smallsmall amounts of amounts of engery. (2 ATP) no oxygen is required.engery. (2 ATP) no oxygen is required.

If If oxygenoxygen is present glycolysis leads to is present glycolysis leads to aerobic respiration aerobic respiration which releases a LOT which releases a LOT of ATP.of ATP.

If oxygen is If oxygen is NOTNOT present glycolysis leads present glycolysis leads to anaerobic respiration.to anaerobic respiration.

3 Steps of Cellular Respiration3 Steps of Cellular Respiration

1.1. Glycolysis: Glycolysis: The process that breaks The process that breaks down glucose into pyruvic acid.down glucose into pyruvic acid.

GlucoseGlucose

2 Pyruvic Acid2 Pyruvic Acid

2nd Step of Aerobic Respiration: 2nd Step of Aerobic Respiration: Krebs CycleKrebs Cycle

2. The 2. The Krebs CycleKrebs Cycle: occurs in the cristae of : occurs in the cristae of the mitochondriathe mitochondria

Pyruvic Acid is broken down to create high Pyruvic Acid is broken down to create high energy molecules & CO2energy molecules & CO2

One Pyruvic AcidOne Pyruvic Acid

OOne GTP (or ATP), three NADH, one QHne GTP (or ATP), three NADH, one QH22, ,

two COtwo CO22

3rd Step of Cellular Respiration3rd Step of Cellular Respiration

3.3. Electron Transport ChainElectron Transport Chain: Uses high energy : Uses high energy molecules to molecules to convert ADP into ATP convert ADP into ATP

ADP + P = ATP ADP + P = ATP

(the cells energy)! About (the cells energy)! About 36 ATP per glucose!36 ATP per glucose!

Fermentation (anerobic respiration)Fermentation (anerobic respiration)

Occurs when oxygen is Occurs when oxygen is NOTNOT present. present.

Releases energy from food molecules in Releases energy from food molecules in the the absenceabsence of oxygen. of oxygen.

TwoTwo main types of fermentation main types of fermentation Alcoholic FermentationAlcoholic Fermentation Lactic Acid FermentationLactic Acid Fermentation

Alcoholic FermentationAlcoholic Fermentation

Used by Yeasts and other microorganismsUsed by Yeasts and other microorganisms

Produces Produces Carbon DioxideCarbon Dioxide and and AlcoholAlcohol

Lactic Acid FermentationLactic Acid Fermentation

Production of Production of Lactic AcidLactic Acid

Produced in muscles during rapid exerciseProduced in muscles during rapid exercise

Discussion QuestionsDiscussion Questions

1.1. How much energy is in 1g of glucose?How much energy is in 1g of glucose?

2.2. In what cellular organelle does Cellular In what cellular organelle does Cellular Respiration take place?Respiration take place?

3.3. With which process does the breaking With which process does the breaking down of glucose begin?down of glucose begin?

4.4. What is the equation of Cellular What is the equation of Cellular Respiration? How does this compare to Respiration? How does this compare to the equation for Photosynthesis?the equation for Photosynthesis?

Discussion QuestionsDiscussion Questions

5. What are the three steps of Cellular 5. What are the three steps of Cellular Respiration?Respiration?

6. 6. What happens after glycolysis if no What happens after glycolysis if no oxygen is present?oxygen is present?

7. What are the two types of fermentation?7. What are the two types of fermentation?8. 8. What is produced from Alcoholic What is produced from Alcoholic

Fermentation?Fermentation?9. What is produced from Lactic Acid 9. What is produced from Lactic Acid

Fermentation?Fermentation?

Exit Ticket!!!!!!! Yay!!!!!!Exit Ticket!!!!!!! Yay!!!!!!

Describe the difference between aerobic Describe the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration. Include the and anaerobic respiration. Include the products of both processes.products of both processes.

Explain the full process of cellular Explain the full process of cellular respiration when oxygen is present.respiration when oxygen is present.

YAY EXIT TICKETYAY EXIT TICKET

Experimental ProblemExperimental Problem

Marty the Martian bought an aquarium to Marty the Martian bought an aquarium to grow his pet snails. On the aquarium’s grow his pet snails. On the aquarium’s instructions, it says that elodea must be instructions, it says that elodea must be placed in the aquarium with the snails. placed in the aquarium with the snails. Why does Marty need to have both elodea Why does Marty need to have both elodea and snails in the aquarium?and snails in the aquarium?

Design a procedure to answer this Design a procedure to answer this problem.problem.