Extracellular Fluid—The “Internal Environment”

Homeostasis

+-

Autonomic Nervous System

Anatomical organization of the somatic and autonomic motor pathways

Sympathetic Nervous system

Anatomical organization of the sympathetic Nerves

Parasympathetic Pathways

Sensory Components of the Visceral Motor System

Neurotransmission in the Visceral Motor System

Autonomic Regulation of Cardiovascular Function

The Enteric Nervous System

Autonomic Regulation of the Bladder

Autonomic Regulation of Sexual Function

Female Reproductive organ

Higher Control of the Autonomic Nervous System

The Hypothalamus

Hypothalamus

Hypothalamic afferents from Limbic System

Hypothalamic afferents from Cerebral Cortex

Hypothalamic efferents to thalamus and mammillary body

Hypothalamic efferents to Pituitary gland and Frontal Lobe

Hypothalamic control of Endocrine system

Homeostatic processes can be analyzed in terms of control systems

Temperature Regulation

Feeding Behavior Is Regulated by a Variety of Mechanisms

Feeding Behavior

Dual Controlling Elements in the Hypothalamus Contribute to the Control of Food Intake

•Lateral Hypothalamus

•Feeding center

•Medial Hypothalamus

•Satiety center

Food Intake Is Controlled by Short-Term and Long-Term Cues

Hypothalamus and Energy Homeostasis

Drinking Is Regulated by Tissue Osmolality and Vascular Volume

Thanks