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Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

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While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

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to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

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o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

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division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

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)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

8/11/2019 11111 Sssss

9/26

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

8/11/2019 11111 Sssss

10/26

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

8/11/2019 11111 Sssss

11/26

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

8/11/2019 11111 Sssss

12/26

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

8/11/2019 11111 Sssss

13/26

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

8/11/2019 11111 Sssss

14/26

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

8/11/2019 11111 Sssss

15/26

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

8/11/2019 11111 Sssss

16/26

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

8/11/2019 11111 Sssss

17/26

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

8/11/2019 11111 Sssss

18/26

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

8/11/2019 11111 Sssss

19/26

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

8/11/2019 11111 Sssss

20/26

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

8/11/2019 11111 Sssss

21/26

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

8/11/2019 11111 Sssss

22/26

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully

demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'

dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they

develo#ed inde#endently of each other

Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s

limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for

Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E

"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can

never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(

)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual

molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell

division at the nanolevel

Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument

o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively

0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as

to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is

limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(

While 3bbe6s mi