1.1 identification hard & softwoods
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Transcript of 1.1 identification hard & softwoods
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Types of Trees
Deciduous and Coniferous Trees
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Deciduous and Coniferous Trees
Deciduous trees Also known as hardwoods or broadleaves trees
Coniferous trees As known as softwood or needle leaved trees
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Deciduous trees - characteristics
Give us hardwood timber Lose their leaves in autumn – except holly Trunk divides to develop large branches Large broad leaves Generally grow more slowly Usually harder and more durable wood Branches are generally larger and more irregular
than conifers
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Coniferous trees - characteristics
Give us softwood timber Evergreen - except larch Have a straight trunk Smaller branches Needle like leaves Seeds borne in pine cones Symmetrical in shape Grow quickly Wood is usually softer and less durable than
hardwood
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Irish Hardwoods Irish Softwood
Oak Ash Beech Sycamore Elm Birch Horse chestnut
Scots pine
Douglas Fir
Norway spruce
Sitka Spruce
Larch
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Oak
Take 120 years to mature
Grow to height of 40 metres
Fruit (seed) is called acorn
Durable, Light coloured wood, easy to work with
Uses: Furniture Doors Flooring Barrels Boat building
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Ash
Take 60 years to mature
Grow to height of 40 metres
Pliable, tough Light white coloured wood difficult to work with
Uses: Furniture Hurleys Oars Tool handles
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Beech
Grow to height of 36 metres
Durable, reddish to brown coloured wood
Uses: Furniture Doors Flooring Tool handles
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Sycamore
Take 200 years to mature
Grow to height of 35 metres
Strong creamy white coloured wood which is ease to work with
Uses: Wood carving Woodturning Violin making veneers
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Sitka Spruce
Take 40 years to mature Grow to height 45 metres Shallow root system,
thrives on wet soil (bogs) Forms 75% of trees
planted in Ireland annually Known as white deal Fairly durable with a pale
brown colour Uses:
Structural timber Paper making floorboard
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Norway Spruce
Grow to height 40 metres Shallow root system,
thrives on damp fertile soil Forms 4% of trees planted
in Ireland annually Also known as white deal not durable with a white to
cream colour Uses:
Christmas trees Internal joinery plywood
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Douglas Fir
Cone shaped Grow to height 55
metres Likes light therefore
branches are scarce Tough, durable wood
with a reddish- brown colour
Uses: Railway sleepers Telephone poles Plywood
manufacture
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Scots Pine
Shape is not typical – tall with a few large branches
Grow to height 40 metres Slow growing not
commerically planted any longer
Known as red deal Strong and durable with a
bright yellow colour Uses:
Roof frames Telegraph poles Fence posts
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Other timbers
Some timbers cannot grow in Ireland due to our climate
They grow in tropical areas, where they are able to continuously grow all year around and as a result they do not have annual rings
Examples include: Mahogany Ebony Teak Walnut Balsa