Development of GENITAL SYSTEM

Dr mohan angadi

Development of

• Gonads (testis / ovary)

• Genital ducts and glands

• Uterus and vagina

• External genitalia(male & female)

Introduction

2 embryonic structures that play an imp role in dev of UG system

1. Intermediate mesoderm &

2. Primitive Urogenital Sinus(UGS)-a part of cloaca.

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Intermediate mesoderm

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Urogenital ridge

Nephrogenic cord

Gonadal ridge

Cloaca

Development of gonads(testis/ovary)

Development of genital ducts

• In males- mesonephric duct

Paramesonephric(mullarian) derivatives in males

Prostate

Female homologues of prostate-Urethral glands &-Paraurethral glands of Skene

Inner glandular zone-meso

Outer glandular zone-endo

• In females

mesonephric(wolffian)derivative

s in females

Paramesonephric(mullarian) derivatives in females

Development of uterus & vagina

Female homologues of prostate-urethral glands &-peneffdjhfgdhgffaraurethral glands of Sk

Dev. of vagina

Development of ext genitalia

Male urethra

Development of inguinal canal/Descent of testis

Factors responsible for descent

• Initiated by-androgens

• Prompted by-differential growth

• Permitted by-lengthening of ductus

• Fascilitated by-gubernaculum

Control of differentiation of genital organs

1. Cromosomal sex of individual-at fertilization

2. SRY gene on short arm- production of TDF

3. Testosterone –interstitial Leydig cells

4. MIS – Sertoli cells

Applied

aspects

Anomalies of testis-undescended testis/ ectopic testis - crptorchidism

Anomalies of processus vaginalis

• Congenital hernia/hydrocoele• Vaginal hydrocoele• Infantile hydrocoele • Hydrocoele of cord• Interstitial hernia

Hermaphroditism

• True • Pseudo

– Female – Male

• Androgen insensitivity syndrome/testicular feminization syndrome

Anomalies of Uterine tube,uterus and vagina

• Clitoris - absent/bifid or double or enlarged(heramaphroditism)

• Fusion of labia minora• Ectopic urethra in ant wall of vagina• Anomalies of hymen

Anomalies of female ext genitalia

• Vaginal fistulas – Rectovaginal fistula – Vesico vaginal fistula– Urethrovaginal fistula

• Vagina duplicated/ absent/ septum

Anomalies of male ext genitalia

• Phimosis • Hypospadias• Epispadias

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Epispadias

Thank you