10/6

Do Now: 3.1 Open Notes Reading Quiz

Aim: What are the key features of Africa’s geography and how have they affected its development?

Objectives: Students will be able to…•Describe Africa’s relative location•Identify Africa’s main regions, landforms and natural resources

Agenda: Africa Geography Review“Regions of the World: Africa” Video

Homework: Read and take notes on Chapter 3 Section 2

The Shape of the Land

Ch. 3 Sec. 1

Overview of Africa’s Geography

• 2nd largest continent• Diverse• Center of early

civilization

A Vast Continent

• Central location– What bodies of

water surround Africa? How have they affected its development?

• Regions: – Which region do

you think has had the most contact with Europe? Why?

Landforms

• Mostly plateau with mountains at edges and Great Rift Valley in eastern-central region

Rivers• Nile: Northern/Eastern Africa

– Longest river in world– Center of ancient civilization– Aswan Dam provides

hydroelectric power and irrigation

• Congo (Zaire): Central Africa – Provides hydroelectric power– Difficult to travel

• Niger: West Africa – Used for irrigation and travel

• Zambezi: Southern Africa– Victoria Falls – Provides hydroelectric power

Night view of Nile delta

Zaire/Congo

Niger

Zambezi

Natural Resources

• Oil, fertile soil, mineral resources unevenly spread over continent

• Rivers = source for metals – What resources are in Africa’s

riverbeds?– What impact have these

resources had on Africa’s development?

– What natural resources does Africa export today?

Identify the following geographic features:•Atlas Mountains•Great Rift Valley•Sahara Desert•Mt. Kilimanjaro•Kalahari Desert•Ethiopian Highlands•Nile River•Lake Victoria

2

3

1

7

5

8

64

10/16

Do Now: Africa Geography True/False

Aim: What are the key features of Africa’s geography and how have they affected its development?

Objectives: Students will be able to…•Describe Africa’s relative location•Locate Africa’s main countries, cities, landforms, bodies of water and climate zones

Agenda: Africa Map

Homework: Read and take notes on Chapter 4 Section 2

10/12

Do Now: Map Practice

Aim: How have various climates affected Africa’s development?

Objectives: Students will be able to…•Identify the three factors that affect climate•Describe Africa’s climate zones•Explain the impact of climate on population patterns

Agenda: PPT ReviewAfrican Geography T/F3.1-3.2 Questions

Homework: Finish 3.1-3.2 questions and study for Africa Geography Quiz on Wednesday

Identify the following countries:•Algeria•Democratic Republic of Congo•Egypt•Kenya•Libya•Madagascar•Mali•Morocco•Nigeria•Somalia•South Africa•Sudan•Tanzania•Uganda

1

2

34

5

6

78

9

10

11

14

12

13

Climate and Diversity

Ch. 3 Sec. 2

Africa’s Climate• Affected by location on

Equator, oceans, and elevation

• Temperature: – Warm year-round – Coolest regions in

highlands and mountains

• Rainfall: – Varies based on distance

from Equator

Major Climate Zones: Tropical Wet Region

• Narrow strip along Equator• Hot, humid, lots of rain- creates

rainforest • Deals with leaching- constant

rain makes poor soil for farming

• Many indigenous diseases – Mosquitos: Malaria, Yellow

Fever, Dengue Fever – Tsetse flies: African Sleeping

Sickness, Elephanitis – Poor water: Typhoid Fever,

cholera

Major Climate Zones:Tropical Wet and Dry

• Largest climate zone in Africa

• Alternating wet and dry seasons

• Vegetation includes savanna (grassland)

• Frequent periods of drought• Suffers from desertification-

cutting trees and grazing animals have reduced fertility of the soil, making savanna turn into desert

Major Climate Zones: Deserts• Cover 40% of Africa • Sahara: North Africa – Largest desert in the world – Rainfall less than 10 inches/year– Trade occurs

• Kalahari: Southern Africa– Grasses & melons grow in some

places – More habitable than Sahara

• Namib: Southern Africa – Small desert with virtually no

rainfall Sa

hara

Kala

hari

Nam

ib

Major Climate Zones: Mediterranean

• Located on Southern tip & Northern coast

• Mild: warm, dry summers and cool, moist winters

• Climate and fertile soil supports farming and herding

Population Patterns

• Population: – Not densely populated, but growing– Population clusters around water– Most live on savanna (common in tropical

wet/dry climate zone)

• Adapting to the Land: – Most are farmers – Cities mostly along Med. Sea coast and in

West Africa

• Language: – 1,000+ language groups – A sign of cultural diversity– Provides info about early groups/tribes in

Africa & their movements