10.3 Dispraksia & Disfasia
Transcript of 10.3 Dispraksia & Disfasia
-
8/10/2019 10.3 Dispraksia & Disfasia
1/14
-
8/10/2019 10.3 Dispraksia & Disfasia
2/14
Dyspraxia
A person with dyspraxia, also known as developmental
dyspraxia, developmental coordination disorder
(DCD), Perceptuo-Motor Dysfunction, or Motor
Learning Difficulties has problems with movement andcoordination. People with dyspraxia find it hard to
carry out smooth and coordinated movements.
The Dysprahsia Foundation defines dyspraxia as'an impairment or immaturity of the organisation ofmovement' and, in many individuals, there may beassociated problems with language, perception and
thought. The term normally used is Developmental
-
8/10/2019 10.3 Dispraksia & Disfasia
3/14
Children with dyspraxia might display the followingtypes of behaviors:
a. An very high degree ticks, such as handtwisting and foot tapping
b. A higher degree of excitability, particularly
with loud or shrill tonesc. They might be prone to temper tantrumsd. They might be extraordinarily clumsye. Handwriting might be particularly poor and
short-term memory may suffer in kids withdyspraxia
f. Dyspraxia, however, does not affect theperson's intelligence
-
8/10/2019 10.3 Dispraksia & Disfasia
4/14
What is the treatment for dyspraxia?
Although dyspraxia is not curable, with time the child can
improve. Occupational therapy
An occupational therapist will first observe how the child manageswith everyday functions both at home and at school. He/she willthen help the child develop skills specific to activities which maybe troublesome.
Speech and language therapy
The speech and language therapist will first carry out anassessment of the child's speech, and then help him/hercommunicate more effectively.
Perceptual motor training
This involves improving the child's language, visual, movement,and auditory skills. A series of tasks, which gradually becomingmore advanced, are set - the aim is to challenge the child so
that he/she improves, but not so much that it becomesfrustrating or stressful.
-
8/10/2019 10.3 Dispraksia & Disfasia
5/14
Masalah pembelajaran kanak-kanak dispraksiatermasuk:
Membilang dan mengira melibatkan operasi.
Tulisan yang buruk membentuk huruf dantidak dapat mengikut barisan.
Tidak dapat memberi tumpuan dalam kerjaakademik terutamanya menulis, membaca,mengira atau mengeja dll
Tidak dapat mengikut arahan dan menimbulkan
masalah dalam kelas. Tidak dapat ikut/faham jika lebih daripada satuarahan diberi.
Memerlukan pengajaran secara individu.
-
8/10/2019 10.3 Dispraksia & Disfasia
6/14
Strategi untuk membantu kanak-
kanak dispraksiaKemahiran yang diperlukan :
Berdikari
Kemahiran sosial dan self-esteemStrategi:
Permainan pasukan, sukan, memasak, fotografi,
berenang, archery dan martial arts Penggunaan keyboards dan komputer.
-
8/10/2019 10.3 Dispraksia & Disfasia
7/14
Dispraksia
Matematik Tidak dapat menyelesaian masalah matematik.
Accept his/her best effort
Tumpukan pada kemahiran asas. Jangan terlalu banyak soalan pada satu masa.
Gunakan kod warna e.g. ratus, puluh dan sa
Tidak dapat buat jigsaw dan aktiviti sepertipengkelasan mengikut bentuk.
Elak menggunakan graf, sudut ada kanak-kanak Dispraksia tidak dapat melukis petak.
-
8/10/2019 10.3 Dispraksia & Disfasia
8/14
Dispraksia
Kanak-kanak dispraksia juga bermasalah dengankonsep masa.
Konsep masa di jadikan aktiviti harian. Bila jalan ke kedai. Berapa lama? Rekodkan masa
perjalanan. Gunakan Timer tetapkan tempoh masa Contoh: duduk diam selama 1 minit dll.
Permainan nombor saiz yang besar(jigsaw)
Numicon - A multi-sensory approach to arithmeticteaching that uses patterns that are structured toencourage the understanding of number and numberrelationships.
-
8/10/2019 10.3 Dispraksia & Disfasia
9/14
Dispraksia
Numiconkit pembelajaran yang sangat
sesuai untuk kanak-kanak dispraksia.
Numicon number line.Numicon number shapesrepresenting 1-10.
-
8/10/2019 10.3 Dispraksia & Disfasia
10/14
Numicon
Numicon shapes showing 3 plus 4 equals 7.
Numicon pegs grouped to show 16 as 1ten and 6 units.
-
8/10/2019 10.3 Dispraksia & Disfasia
11/14
-
8/10/2019 10.3 Dispraksia & Disfasia
12/14
-
8/10/2019 10.3 Dispraksia & Disfasia
13/14
Causes & symptoms
Difficulty remembering words Difficulty naming objects and/or people Difficulty speaking in complete and/or meaningful
sentences
Difficulty speaking in any fashion Difficulty reading or writing Difficulty expressing thoughts and feelings Difficulty understanding spoken language
Using incorrect or jumbled words Using words in the wrong order Poor pencil grip. Cannot do jigsaws or shape sorting
games. Artwork is very immature.
-
8/10/2019 10.3 Dispraksia & Disfasia
14/14
Treatment
Trained speech therapist-allow the patientto regain language function, as well asrebuild their communications skills.
Family members are included on therapysessions to teach them how to communicatewith and understand the patient.
Even with therapy, dysphasia may take
several years to overcome.