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Coachella Valley MSHCP/NCCPDraft Environmental Impact Report/Statement

10.0 ORGANIZATIONS, PERSONS ANDDOCUMENTS CONSULTED

10.1 IntroductionSection 10 of the EIR/EIS provides a comprehensive listing of the various organizations, individuals anddocuments that were conferred with or consulted over the course of preparing this environmentaldocument. CVAG and the US Fish and Wildlife Service are identified as project proponents, as areconsultants, Permittees, utilities, public and quasi-public agencies, etc. Documents are referenced inboth section 10.11 and 10.12.

10.2 Project ProponentsJames BartelU.S. Department of the InteriorFish & Wildlife Service6010 Hidden Valley RoadCarlsbad, CA 92001

Jim SullivanCoachella Valley Association of Governments73-710 Fred Waring Drive, Suite 200Palm Desert, CA 92260

Cooperating AgencyElena MisquezBureau of Land Management690 W. Garnet AvenueN. Palm Springs, CA 92258

10.3 Planning/Environmental ConsultantJohn D. Criste, AICPTerra Nova Planning & Research, Inc.400 South Farrell Dr., Suite B-205Palm Springs, CA 92262

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10.4 Biological Consultants/Trails PlanRachelle Huddleston-LortonGavin WrightBureau of Land Management690 W. Garnet AvenueN. Palm Springs, CA 92258

John Wehausen, Ph.D.Lawrence F. LaPre, Ph.D.

10.5 Cultural Consultants/Trails PlanWanda RaschkowBureau of Land Management690 W. Garnet AvenueN. Palm Springs, CA 92258

CRM Tech4472 Orange StreetRiverside, CA 92501

10.6 County of RiversideSupervisor Jim VenableSupervisor Roy WilsonSupervisor Marion AshleyRiverside County Office of the Agricultural CommissionerRiverside County Counsel, Karin Watts-BazanRiverside County Waste Management Department, Leslie B. LikinsRiverside County Flood Control and Water Conservation District, Zully SmithRiverside County Farm Bureau, Robert Eli PerkinsCounty of Riverside Regional Parks and Open Space District, Paul FransdenRiverside County Fire DepartmentRiverside County Planning Department, Paul Clark, Jerry JolifteRiverside County Sheriff’s DepartmentRiverside County Transportation DepartmentRiverside County Transportation and Land Management Agency, Caroline Luna, Richard Lashbrook

Riverside County Waste Resources Management District, Katherine Gifford

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10.7 CitiesCity of Cathedral City, Cynthia Kinser, Planning DepartmentCity of Coachella, Susan Williams, Planning DepartmentCity of Desert Hot Springs Planning DepartmentCity of Indian Wells, Corrie Kates, Planning DepartmentCity of Indio, J. Luis Lopez, Senior Planner, Planning Department.City of La Quinta, Jerry Herman, Community Development DepartmentCity of Palm Desert, Phil Drell, Community Development DepartmentCity of Palm Springs, Doug Evans, Planning & Building DepartmentCity of Rancho Mirage, Robert Brockman, Community Development Department

10.8 UtilitiesCoachella Valley Water DistrictDesert Hot Springs CablevisionDesert Valley DisposalDesert Water AgencyImperial Irrigation DistrictMetropolitan Water DistrictMission Springs Water DistrictMyoma Dunes Water CompanySouthern California EdisonSouthern California Gas CompanySunline Transit AuthorityTime WarnerVerizonWaste Management of the Desert

10.9 Public and Quasi Public AgenciesSouth Coast Air Quality Management District, Steve SmithCalTransSunLine Transit AgencyCoachella Valley Water District, Tom LevyDesert Water Agency, Dan M. AinsworthMetropolitan Water District of Southern California, Laura J. SimonekMission Springs Water DistrictRiverside County Flood Control and Water Conservation District, Zully SmithSalton Sea Authority, Tom KirkFederal Emergency Management Agency, Sandro Amaglio,Riverside County Waste Management Department, Leslie B. LikinsCalifornia Office of Planning & ResearchRiverside County Counsel, Karin Watts-Bazan

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Southern California Association of Governments, J. David SteinCoachella Valley Mosquito & Vector Control District, Donald E. GomsiRiverside County Farm Bureau, Robert Eli PerkinsU.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service, Ernest Quintana

10.10 Organizations and Interested PartiesBest Best & Kreiger, LLP, Robert W. HargreavesBuilding Industries Association of Southern CaliforniaCalifornia Off Road Vehicle Association, IncCenter for Biological DiversityCoachella Valley Hiking ClubCox, Castle & Nicholson,LLPDesert RidersGranite Construction CompanyMine Reclamation CorporationSierra ClubWildlife Management Institute

10.11 DocumentsSCAQMD Public Notice on the Board consideration to Adopt the Coachella Valley Portion oftheTransportation Conformity Emission Budgets for Ozone Precursors for the Southeast DesertModified Air Quality Management Area Ozone Non-attainment Area, prepared by South Coast AirQuality Management District, November 6, 2003.

Coachella Valley PM10 Attainment Redesignation Request and Maintenance Plan, prepared by SouthCoast Air Quality Management District, September 1996.

Long-Term Sand Supply to Coachella Valley Fringe-Toed Lizard (uma inornata) Habitat in theNorthern Coachella Valley, California. Griffiths, P.G., Robert H. Webb, Nicholas Lancaster, et al. USGeological Survey. August 29, 2002.

Administrative Review Draft, Coachella Valley Multiple Species Habitat Conservation Plan/NaturalCommunities Conservation Plan, prepared by Coachella Valley Mountains Conservancy, January 2004.

Recovery Plan for Bighorn Sheep in the Peninsular Ranges, California, Rubin, Ester, et al. USDepartment of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service. October 2000.

Final Draft Tribal Habitat Conservation Plan for the Agua Caliente Indian Reservation, Palm Springs,California. Prepared by the Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians. November 2002.

Biological Opinion: Endangered Species Consultation on the Proposed Union Pacific Railroad TrackUpgrade, Yuma Subdivision - Phase II, Riverside County, California. Prepared by the US Fish &Wildlife Service. 2002.

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Administrative Draft Review, Coachella Valley Multiple Species Habitat Conservation Plan/NaturalCommunities Conservation Plan, prepared by Coachella Valley Mountains Conservancy, December2003.

Draft Coachella Valley Multiple Species Habitat Conservation Plan GIS Database. Coachella ValleyAssociation of Governments and US Bureau of Land Management. December, 2003.

Coachella Valley Multiple Species Habitat Conservation Plan GIS Database. Coachella ValleyAssociation of Governments and US Bureau of Land Management. April, 2003.

Western Riverside County Multiple Species Habitat Conservation Plan and Final Environmental ImpactReport/Statement. Prepared by the County of Riverside. Adopted 2003.

The Cahuilla and the Santa Rosa Mountain Region: Places and Their Native American Association,Bean, Lowell J., Sylvia Brakke Vane and Jackson Young. Cultural Systems Research, Inc. for the USBureau of Land Management. October, 1981.

Recreation and Cultural Access Study, prepared by Terra Nova Planning & Research, Inc. for theCoachella Valley Association of Governments, 2000.

Coachella Valley’s Recent Economic History, California Employment Development Department data,Husing, John W. Ph.D., May 2003.

Coachella Valley Economic Review, California Economic Development Department, Husing, John E.,Ph.D., July 22, 2000.

Coachella Valley Economic Review, California Board of Equalization, as shown in Exhibit 4, Husing,John E., Ph.D., July 22, 2000.

Fiscal Impact Analysis for the Coachella Valley Multiple Species Habitat Conservation Plan, TerraNova Planning & Research, November, 2003.

California Employment Development Department data, as provided in “Coachella Valley EconomicReview, Husing, John E., Ph.D., July 22, 2000.

Technical Background Report to the Safety Element of the General Plan for Cathedral City, EarthConsultants International, Inc., June 1999.

Emerging Perspectives of the Salton Trough Region With an Emphasis on Extensional Faulting and ItsImplications for Later San Andreas Deformation, Frost, Eric G., Steve C. Suitt, Mitra Fattahipour.

Geology of the Southeastern San Andreas Fault Zone in the Coachella Valley Area, SouthernCalifornia, Dibblee, Thomas W., Jr.

Seismicity, 1980-86, Hill, David P., Jerry P. Eaton, and Lucile M. Jones, from the U.S. GeologicalSurvey Professional Paper 1515, 1990.

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Tectonic Transpression and Basement-Controlled Deformation in San Andreas Fault Zone, SaltonTrough, California, Sylvester, Arthur Q. and Robert R. Smith, The American Association of PetroleumGeologists Bulletin, Volume 60, Number 12, December 1976.

Technical Background Report to the Safety Element for the General Plan of Palm Desert, EarthConsultants International, Inc., January 17, 2002.

Fault Hazard Zones in California: Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Act with Index toEarthquake Fault Zones Map,”. Hart, Earl W., California Dept. of Conservation, Division of Mines andGeology, revised 1994.

Technical Background Report, General Plan Update for the County of Riverside,Chapter 2: Geologic Hazards.

Environmental Impact Report for the Desert Hot Springs General Plan. Prepared by Terra NovaPlanning & Research, Inc. June 1, 2000. Seismic, Geologic and Flooding Hazards Sections of theTechnical Background Report, prepared by Earth Consultants International. May 1997.

Technical Background Report, General Plan Update, City of Desert Hot Springs, Earth ConsultantsInternational, Inc., May 28, 1997.

Mineral Land Classification: Aggregate Materials in the Palm Springs Production-ConsumptionRegion., prepared by the California Department of Conservation Division of Mines and Geology, 1988.

Final Subsequent Environmental Impact Report for Riverside County Surface Mining Permit No. 176,Amd. No. 1, prepared by Terra Nova Planning & Research, Inc. March 2002.

Resource Directory 2002, California Department of Food and Agriculture.

Summary of County Agricultural Commissioners’ Reports, Gross Values by Commodity Groups,California 1995-2000, as compiled and tabulated by the Southern California Association ofGovernments (SCAG).

Soils Survey of the Riverside County Coachella Valley Area. US Department of Agriculture, SoilConservation Service and University of California Agricultural Experimentation Station. September1980.

Farmland Mapping and Monitoring Program, Division of Land Resources Protection, CaliforniaDepartment of Conservation, 2001.

Resource Directory 1999 and 2000, California Department of Food and Agriculture.

City of Palm Springs General Plan, Smith, Peroni & Fox, adopted March 3, 1993.

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City of Desert Hot Springs Comprehensive General Plan, prepared by Terra Nova Planning & Research,Inc., April 25, 2000.

Riverside County General Plan and Program Environmental Impact Report, Prepared by the County ofRiverside Transportation and Land Management Agency, adopted October 2003.

Riverside County Comprehensive General Plan, Exhibit VI.34, adopted March 6, 1984 and revisedJune 3, 1993.

Final Environmental Impact Report for the Palm Springs Annexation Study, Smith, Peroni & Fox, April1993.

Indio General Plan 2020, Volume II, Chambers Group, Inc., October 1993.

City of Desert Hot Springs Draft Comprehensive General Plan, prepared by Terra Nova Planning &Research, Inc., April 25, 2000.

Desert Hot Springs Noise Element Update Background Study, Endo Engineering, March 27, 2000.

Guidelines for the Preparation and Content of the Noise Element of the General Plan, CaliforniaDepartment of Health Services, 1990.

Effects of Noise on Wildlife and Other Animals, prepared by Memphis State University underContract 68-04-0024. December 31, 1971.

Cathedral City General Plan Update Noise Background Study, Endo Engineering, 2001.

Acoustical Analysis Report for the Rancho Mirage General Plan Update, Hersh AcousticalEngineering, Inc., July 26, 1996.

Palm Springs Regional Airport Master Plan and F.A. R. Part 150 Noise Compatibility Study Update,Coffman Associates, 1994.

Acoustical Measurements of DOE/NASA MOD-O Wind Turbine at Plum Brook Station, Ohio, SolarEnergy Research Insititute, June 1983.

Measuring and Calculating Sound Levels, Danish Wind Industry Association, September 9, 2000.

Hersh Acoustical Engineering, Inc., letter correspondence to Wintec Energy, Ltd., September 18,1998, regarding noise study for Enron/Wintec WECS project in Sections 8 & 17 T3S, R4E, RiversideCounty, California.

21 Frequently Asked Questions About Wind Energy, Danish Wind Industry Association, 2001.

Acoustical Analysis Report, Revised Noise Impact Analysis, Commercial WECS Permit No. 107,Sections 18 and 19, T3S, R4E, Riverside County, CA, Hersh Walker Acoustics, August 14, 2000.

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Riverside County Municipal Code, Chapter 17.224.040(L).

Wind Energy Series, January 1997, No. 2, National Wind Coordinating Committee.

The Effect Of Noise On Wildlife, A Literature Review, Radle, A.L., University of Oregon. 2000.

Effects of Noise on Wildlife and Other Animals, Dufour, P., Memphis State University and UnitedStates Environmental Protection Agency. 1974.

Effects of Aircraft Noise and Sonic Booms on Domestic Animals and Wildlife: A LiteratureSynthesis, Manci, K. M., D. N. Gladwin, R. Villella, and M.G. Cavendish. Fort Collins, CO, U.S.Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, National Ecology Research Center. 1988.

The Effects of Dune Buggy Sounds on the Telencephalic Auditory Evoked Response in the MojaveFringe-Toed Lizard, Uma scoparia. Bondello, M. C., A. C. Huntley, H. B. Cohen, and B. H.Brattstrom. Riverside, California, U.S. Bureau of Land Management, California Desert Program.Contract CA-060-CT7-2737. 1979.

Coachella Valley Recreation and Park District Master Plan, 1998, prepared by V2C Group, Inc. forthe Coachella Valley Recreation and Park District, adopted December 9, 1998.

Non-Motorized Transportation Element Draft Master Plan, Coachella Valley Association ofGovernments, 1995.

Recreation and Cultural Access Study, prepared by Terra Nova Planning & Research, Inc. for theCoachella Valley Association of Governments, 2000.

Palm Springs Desert Resorts Fact Sheet, Palm Springs Desert Resorts Convention and VisitorsBureau, Spring 2000.

Ground Water Atlas of the United States, Segment 1: California/Nevada, United States GeologicalSurvey.

Coachella Valley Water Management Plan, Coachella Valley Water District, November 2000.

Engineer’s Report on Water Supply and Replenishment Assessment, Coachella Valley Water District,April 2000.

Water Master Plan for Mission Springs Water District, ASL Consulting Engineers, August 2000.

Basin Water Supply and Initial Groundwater Replenishment and Assessment for the Mission CreekSubbasin, Prepared by Krieger & Stewart, Inc. April 2003.

Engineer’s Report on Water Supply and Replenishment Assessment 2001/2002, prepared by WaterResources Branch, Engineering Department, Coachella Valley Water District, April 2001.

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Master Sewer Plan for the Mission Springs Water District, Albert A. Webb Associates, March 2001.

The Effects of Subsurface Wastewater Disposal Systems on Groundwater Within Cathedral City, DesertWater Agency, February 1993.

Annual Review 2002, prepared by the Coachella Valley Water District. 2003.

Whitewater River Basin Feasibility Report and Environmental Impact Statement, prepared by the U.S.Army Corps of Engineers, Los Angeles District. June 26,2000.MSWD Water Master Plan, prepared by ASL Consulting Engineers, May 2000.

Desert Water Agency: Description of Purpose and General Functions, Desert Water Agency, June 14,2001.

Magnesia Spring Canyon Detailed Project Report For Flood Control, Hydrology Report, Appendix A.Prepared by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Los Angeles District. September 1983.

California Environmental Quality (CEQA) Statutes and Guidelines, Public Resources Code 21000-21177 and California code of Regulations, title 14, Division 6, Chapter 3, Secions 15000-15387.

California Environmental Quality Act Deskbook, Bass, Ronald E., Albert I. Herson and Kenneth M.Bogdan, 2001.

National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), 42 U.S.C. 4321; 40 C.F.R. 1500.

The NEPA Book, National Environmental Policy Act, Bass, Ronald E., Albert I. Herson and KennethM. Bogdan, 2001.

NEPA Reference Handbook, Division of Habitat Conservation, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 1997.

Habitat Conservation Planning Handbook, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and National Marine FisheriesService, November 1996; and associated Addendum, May 2000.

Environmental Justice: Guidance Under the National Environmental Policy Act, Council onEnvironmental Quality, December 10, 1997.

Addressing Environmental Justice in California, King, Gregory, Environmental Monitor, Summer 2001.

California Desert Conservation Area Plan Amendment for the Coachella Valley and FinalEnvironmental Impact Report. Prepared by the United States Department of the Interior, Bureau ofLand Management. October 2002.

Draft Santa Rosa and San Jacinto Mountains National Monument Management Plan and DraftEnvironmental Impact Statement. Prepared by the U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of LandManagement and the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, March 2003.

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San Bernardino National Forest Land and Resource Management Plan and Final Environmental ImpactStatement. Prepared by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service/Pacific Southwest Region,1988.

Appendix G: Environmental Checklist Form, California Environmental Quality Act Guidelines of 2002.

U.S. Census Bureau, Census 1980, 1990, 2000.

Conservation Bank Plan Addressing the Direct, Indirect and Cumulative Effects of the Interstate 10Coachella Valley and Banning Pass Interchange Projects. Prepared by CalTrans in cooperation with theCalifornia Department of Fish and Game and the US Fish and Wildlife Service, January 2003.

Visitor Study – 1998, Palm Springs Desert Resorts Convention and Visitors Bureau, 1998.

General Information Handout, Palm Springs Deserts Resorts Convention and Visitors Bureau,December 1999.

10.12 ReferencesBiological

Armentrout, D.J. and R.J. Boyd. 1995. Managing desert mountain sheep using ecoregion planning andmanagement concepts: is it possible? Desert Bighorn Council Transactions 39:36-41.

Armentrout, D.J. and W.R. Brigham. 1988. Habitat suitability rating system for desert bighorn sheep inthe basin and range province. Bureau of Land Management Technical Note 384.

Anderson, R.M. and R.M. May. 1979. Population biology of infectious diseases: part I. Nature280(2):361-367.

Barrows, Cameron W. 1997. Habitat relationships of the Coachella Valley fringe-toed lizard (Uma inornata). The Southwestern Naturalist 42(2):218-223.

Bentz, J.A. and P.M. Woodard. 1988. Vegetation characteristics and bighorn sheep use on burned and unburned areas in Alberta. Wildlife Society Bulletin 16:186-193.

Berger, J. 1978. Group size, foraging, and anti-predator ploys: an analysis of bighorn sheep decisions. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 4:91-99.

Berger, J. 1999. Intervention and persistence in small populations of bighorn sheep. Conservation Biology 13:432-435.

Bighorn Institute. 1984. Bighorn Institute: Year-End Report. Report to the California Department of Fish and Game, Sacramento.

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Bighorn Institute. 1996 to 2002. Bighorn Institute: Year-End Reports. Report to the California Department of Fish and Game, Sacramento.

Bighorn Institute. 1997. Draft biological assessment of the Dunn Road Jeep Tours. Palm Desert, CA, USA.

Bighorn Research Institute. 1984. Year end reports, partial data. Submitted to Bureau of LandManagement, California Department of Fish and Game, and United States Fish and Wildlife.

Bighorn Research Institute. 1985. Year end reports, partial data. Submitted to Bureau of Land Management, California Department of Fish and Game, and United States Fish and Wildlife.

Bighorn Research Institute. 1986. Year end reports, partial data. Submitted to Bureau of Land Management, California Department of Fish and Game, and United States Fish and Wildlife.

Bighorn Research Institute. 1989. Year end reports, partial data. Submitted to Bureau of LandManagement, California Department of Fish and Game, and United States Fish and Wildlife.

Bighorn Research Institute. 1996. Year end reports, partial data. Submitted to Bureau of Land Management, California Department of Fish and Game, and United States Fish and Wildlife.

Bighorn Research Institute. 1997. Year end reports, partial data. Submitted to Bureau of Land Management, California Department of Fish and Game, and United States Fish and Wildlife.

Bighorn Research Institute. 1999. Year end reports, partial data. Submitted to Bureau of Land Management, California Department of Fish and Game, and United States Fish and Wildlife.

Bighorn Research Institute. 2000. Year end reports, partial data. Submitted to Bureau of Land Management, California Department of Fish and Game, and United States Fish and Wildlife.

Bighorn Research Institute. 2002. Year end reports, partial data. Submitted to Bureau of Land Management, California Department of Fish and Game, and United States Fish and Wildlife.

Bighorn Research Institute. 2003. Year end reports, partial data. Submitted to Bureau of Land Management, California Department of Fish and Game, and United States Fish and Wildlife.

Bleich, V. C., J.D. Wehausen, R.R. Ramey II and J.L. Rechel. 1996. Metapopulation theory and mountain sheep: implications for conservation. Pages 353-373 in Metapopulations and Wildlife Conservation. D.R. McCullough, ed. Island Press, Washington, D.C 429 pp.

Bleich, V.C. 1993. Sexual Segregation in Mountain Sheep. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK.

Bleich, V.C., J.D. Wehausen, and S.A. Holl. 1990. Desert-dwelling mountain sheep: conservation implications of a naturally fragmented distribution. Conservation Biology 4(4):383-390.

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Bleich, V.C., J.D. Wehausen, R.R. Ramey II, and J.L. Rechel. 1996. Metapopulation theory and mountain sheep: implications for conservation. Pages 353-373 in D.R. McCullough, ed. Metapopulations and wildlife conservation. Island Press, Covelo, CA.

Bleich, V.C., R. T. Bowyer, A.M. Pauli, M. C. Nicholson, and R. W. Anthes. 1994. Mountain Sheep Ovis canadensis and Helicopter Surveys: Ramifications for the Conservation of Large Mammals.Biological Conservation 79(1): 1-7.

Blong, B. 1967. Desert Bighorn and People in the Santa Rosa Mountains. The Wildlife Society Transactions. California-Nevada Section. TWS 1967 Pages 66-70.

Blong, B. and W. Pollard. 1968. Summer Water Requirements of Desert Bighorn in the Santa Rosa Mountains, California. California Department of Fish and Game 54: 289-296.

Blong, B. and W. Pollard. 1968. Summer water requirements of desert bighorn in the Santa Rosa Mountains, California, in 1965. California Fish and Game 54(4):289-296.

Borjesson, D.L., W.M Boyce, I.A. Gardner, J. DeForge, and B. Lasley. 1996. Pregnancy detection in bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) using a fecal-based enzyme immunoassay. Journal of Wildlife Disease 32(1): 67-74.

Boyce and Rubin. 1996. Unpublished Data. Department of Veterinary Sciences. University of California. Davis.

Boyce W. and E. Rubin. 1996. unpublished data.

Boyce, W. 1992. Stress and bighorn sheep. Desert Bighorn Council 1992 Transactions 58-68.

Browning, B.M. and G. Monson. 1980. Food. Pages 80-99 in The Desert Bighorn – its life history, ecology, and management. University of Arizona Press, Tucson.

Bureau of Land Management. 1980. Santa Rosa Mountains Wildlife Habitat Management Plan: A SikesAct Plan. Riverside District Office. 56 pp + app.

Bureau of Land Management. 2002. Desert Conservation Area Plan Amendment for the Coachella Valley.

Bureau of Land Management. 2003. Bighorn sheep recovery actions and draft monitoring approach.

Burgman, M. A., S. Ferson, and H. R. Akçakaya.1993. Risk assessment in conservation biology.Chapman and Hall, London, UK.

California desert conservation plan amendment for the Coachella Valley. 2002. Prepared by the Bureau of Land Management.

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Campbell B. and R. Remington. 1981. Influence of Construction Activities on Water-Use Patterns of Desert Bighorn Sheep. Wildl. Soc. Bull. 9(1): 63-65.

Cassirer, E.F., D.J. Freddy, and E.D. Ables. 1992. Elk responses to disturbance by cross-country skiers in Yellowstone National Park. Wildlife Society Bulletin 20:375-381.

Caughley, G. 1977. Analysis of vertebrate populations. John Wiley and Sons, New York. 234 pp.

Corey, K. 2003. Personal Communication. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Carlsbad, CA.

Cornett, J.W.. Biological Assessment and Impact Analysis of the Proposed Palm HillsDevelopment. Prepared for Palm Hills Land Corporation. Revised November 21,1999.

Creeden, P.J. and V.K. Graham. 1997. Reproduction, survival, and lion predation in the Lack Ridge/Colorado National Monument desert bighorn herd. Desert Bighorn Council Transactions 37-43.

Cunningham, S.C. 1982. Aspects of the ecology of Peninsular Desert Bighorn Sheep (Ovis Canadensis cremnobates) in Carrizo Canyon, California. M.S. Thesis. Arizona State University, Tempe. 76 pp.

Cunningham, S.C. and R.D. Ohmart. 1986. Aspects of the Ecology of Desert Bighorn Sheep in Carrizo Canyon, California. Desert Bighorn Council Transactions 36:27-29.

DeForge, J.R. 1972. Man’s Invasion into the bighorn’s habitat. Desert Bighorn Council 1972 Transactions 112-115.

DeForge, J.R. 1976. Stress: is it limiting bighorn? Desert Bighorn Council 1976 Transactions 309-310.

DeForge, J.R. 1984. Population estimate of peninsular desert bighorn sheep in the Santa RosaMountains, California. Desert Bighorn Council 1984 Transactions 44-45.

DeForge, J.R. and J.E. Scott. 1982. Ecological Investigations into high lamb mortality. Desert Bighorn Council 1982 Transactions 65-80.

DeForge, J.R., E.M. Barrett, S.D. Ostermann, M.C. Jorgensen, and S.G. Torres. 1995. Population dynamics of peninsular bighorn sheep in the Santa Rosa Mountains, California, 1983-1994. 1995Desert Bighorn Council Transactions 50-67.

DeForge, J.R., S.D. Ostermann, C.W. Wilmot, K. B. Brennan and S.G. Torres. 1997. The ecology of Peninsular bighorn sheep in the San Jacinto Mountains, California. Desert Bighorn Council Transactions 41:8-25.

Department of Fish and Game. 1989. Appeal to special recreation use permit, Desert Off Road Adventures. Sacramento, CA, USA.

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Department of Fish and Game. 1989. Special recreation use permit, Desert Off Road Adventures. Long Beach, CA, USA.

Devers, P.K. 1999. Public attitudes, wildlife, and recreation management in Pusch Ridge Wilderness, Arizona. Thesis, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA.

Dorrance, M.J., P.J. Savage, and D.E. Huff. 1975. Effects of snowmobiles on white-tailed deer. Journal of Wildlife Management 39(3):563-569.

Douglas, C. L. and D.M. Leslie, Jr. 1986. Influence of weather and density on lamb survival of desert mountain sheep. Journal of Wildlife Management 50(1):153-156.

Draft Environmental Impact Statement. 2003. Prepared by the Bureau of Land Management.

Draft Santa Rosa and San Jacinto Mountains National Monument Management Plan. 2003. Prepared by the Bureau of Land Management.

Dunaway, D.J. 1971. Human disturbance as a limiting factor of Sierra Nevada bighorn sheep. 1st

Transactions North American Wild Sheep Conference 165-173.

Duncan, G.E. 1960. Human encroachment of bighorn habitat. Desert Bighorn Council Transactions 1960 5:35-40.

Duncan, Russell B. and Todd C. Esque. Draft: An Ecological Study of a Slender Salamander at the Guadalupe Creek Study Site of the Santa Rosa Mountains, Riverside County, California. 86. Riverside, CA.

Dunn, W.C. 1996. Evaluating bighorn habitat: a landscape approach. Produced by the U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, National Applied Resource Sciences Center, and Information and Communications Group.

Dyer, S.J., J.P. O’Neill, S.M. Wasel, and S. Boutin. 2001. Avoidance of industrial development by woodland caribou. Journal of Wildlife Management 65(3):531-542.

England, A. Sydney and Steven G. Nelson. 1976. Status of the Coachella Valley fringe-toed lizard (Uma inornata). Inland Fisheries Administrative Report No. 77-1, The Resources Agency, California Dept. Fish and Game.

England, A. Sydney. 1983. The Coachella Valley, an endangered ecosystem: Progress report on conservation and management efforts. Cal-Neva Wildlife Trans. pp. 148-156.

Ernest, H.B., E.S. Rubin, and W.M. Boyce. 2002. Fecal DNA analysis and risk assessment of mountain lion predation of bighorn sheep. Journal of Wildlife Management 66(1):75-85.

Ernst, C. H., J.E. Lovich, and R.W. Barbour. Turtles of the United States and Canada. 94. Washington,D.C, Smithsonian Institution Press.

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Etchberger, R. C., P.R. Krausman, and R. Mazaika. 1989. Mountain Sheep Habitat Characteristics in the Pusch Ridge Wilderness Area, Arizona. Journal of Wildlife Management 53: 902-907.

Etchberger, R.C. 1993. Mountain sheep microsite habitat characteristics in western Arizona. PhD. Dissertation. Univeristy of Arizona, Tucson. 125 pp.

Fairbanks, W. S., J. A. Bailey, and R.S. Cook. 1987. Habitat Use by a Low-Elevation, Semi-Captive Bighorn Sheep Population. Journal of Wildlife Management 51: 912-915.

Ferguson, M.A.D. and L.B. Keith. 1982. Influence of Nordic skiing on distribution of moose and elk in Elk Island National Park, Alaska. The Canadian Field-Naturalist 96:69-78.

Ferrier, G.J. 1974. Bighorn sheep along the lower Colorado River: 1974 and 2050. Desert Bighorn Council 1974 Transactions 40-45.

Festa-Bianchet, M. 1986. Site fidelity and seasonal range use by bighorn rams. Canadian Journal of Zoology 64:2126-2132.

Festa-Bianchet. 1991. The social system of bighorn sheep: grouping patterns, kinship and female dominance rank. Animal Behaviour 42:71-82.

Fiesta-Bianchet, M. 1988. A pneumonia epizootic in bighorn sheep with comments on preventive management. N. Am. Wild Sheep and Goat Council 6:66-76.

Fisher, M. 2003. Personal Communication. Philip L. Boyd Deep Canyon Desert Research Center. Palm Desert, California.

Freddy, D.J., W.M. Bronaugh, and M.C. Fowler. 1986. Responses of mule deer to disturbance by persons afoot and snowmobiles. Wildlife Society Bulletin 14:63-68.

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