8/9/2019 10 Printed Circuit Board

1/12

[|mornb em|e~mr ljg|b

G {|mornb em|e~mr ljg|b! j| [EL! mu ~unb rj

hne`gomegaa} u~{{j|r gob naner|megaa} ejoonernaner|jome ejh{jonoru ~umof ejob~ermyn

{gr`vg}u! j| r|genu! nre`nb i|jh ej{{n|u`nnru aghmogrnb jorj g ojo(ejob~ermynu~lur|grn/ Garn|ogrmyn oghnu g|n {|mornb vm|mof

ljg|b [VL-! gob nre`nb vm|mof ljg|b/ G [EL{j{~agrnb vmr` naner|jome ejh{jonoru mu g

{|mornb em|e~mr guunhla} [EG-! gauj dojvo gug {|mornb em|e~mr ljg|b guunhla} [ELG-/

[ELu g|n |~ffnb! monp{noumyn! gob ego ln

`mf`a} |namglan/ R`n} |nw~m|n h~e` hj|n ag}j~rniij|r gob `mf`n| momrmga ejur r`go nmr`n| vm|n(

v|g{{nb j| {jmor(rj({jmor ejour|~ernb em|e~mru!

l~r g|n h~e` e`ng{n| gob igurn| ij| `mf`(yja~hn {|jb~ermjo/ H~e` ji r`n naner|jomeu

mob~ur|}&u [EL bnumfo! guunhla}! gob w~gamr}ejor|ja onnbu g|n unr l} urgobg|bu r`gr g|n

{~lamu`nb l} r`n M[E j|fgomsgrmjo/

Hgo~iger~|mof

Hgrn|mgau

Ejob~ermof ag}n|u g|n r}{megaa} hgbn ji r`mo

ej{{n| ijma/ Mou~agrmof hgrn|mgau `gyn g vmbn|uegan3 {`nojame {g{n|! faguu iml|n gob bmiin|nor

{agurmeu {ja}nmr`|jr`nhmo- g|n ejhhjoa}

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_componenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conductor_(material)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signal_tracehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_etchinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laminatedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wire_wraphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wire_wraphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point-to-point_constructionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPC_(electronics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glass_fibrehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_componenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conductor_(material)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signal_tracehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_etchinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laminatedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wire_wraphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wire_wraphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point-to-point_constructionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPC_(electronics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glass_fibre

8/9/2019 10 Printed Circuit Board

2/12

~unb/ ^u~gaa} [EL igerj|mnu ~un {|n{|nfu

u`j|r ij| {|nmh{|nfogrnb-! v`me` g|n gejhlmogrmjo ji faguu iml|n hgr! ojovjyno

hgrn|mga gob |numo/ Ej{{n| ijma gob {|n{|nf g|nr}{megaa} aghmogrnb rjfnr`n| vmr` n{jp} |numo/Vnaa dojvo {|n{|nf hgrn|mgau ~unb mo r`n [EL

mob~ur|} g|n I\(< [`nojame ejrrjo {g{n|-! I\(5 Ejrrjo {g{n| gob n{jp}-! I\(2 Vjyno

faguu gob n{jp}-! I\(> Vjyno faguu gobn{jp}-! I\(9 Hgrrn faguu gob {ja}nurn|-! F(7;

Vjyno faguu gob n{jp}-! ENH(7 Ejrrjo{g{n| gob n{jp}-! ENH(< Ejrrjo {g{n| gobn{jp}-! ENH(5 Vjyno faguu gob n{jp}-! ENH(2 Vjyno faguu gob n{jp}-! ENH(> Vjyno

faguu gob {ja}nurn|-/

[grrn|omof (nre`mof-

R`n ygur hgcj|mr} ji {|mornb em|e~mr ljg|bu g|nhgbn l} ljobmof g ag}n| ji ej{{n| jyn| r`n

norm|n u~lur|grn! ujhnrmhnu jo ljr` umbnu!

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epoxy_resinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FR-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FR-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epoxy_resinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FR-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FR-4

8/9/2019 10 Printed Circuit Board

3/12

e|ngrmof g ,lagod [EL,- r`no |nhjymof

~ovgornb ej{{n| girn| g{{a}mof g rnh{j|g|}hgud nf/ l} nre`mof-! angymof joa} r`n bnum|nb

ej{{n| r|genu/ G inv [ELu g|n hgbn l} gbbmofr|genu rj r`n lg|n u~lur|grn j| g u~lur|grnvmr` g yn|} r`mo ag}n| ji ej{{n|- ~u~gaa} l} g

ejh{anp {|jenuu ji h~arm{an naner|j{agrmofurn{u/

R`n|n g|n r`|nn ejhhjo ,u~lr|germyn,hnr`jbu hnr`jbu r`gr |nhjyn ej{{n|- ~unb

ij| r`n {|jb~ermjo ji {|mornb em|e~mr ljg|bu3

Umad ue|nno {|mormof ~unu nre`(|numurgormodu rj {|jrner r`n ej{{n| ijma/ U~lunw~nor

nre`mof |nhjynu r`n ~ovgornb ej{{n|/Garn|ogrmyna}! r`n mod hg} ln ejob~ermyn!

{|mornb jo g lagod ojo(ejob~ermyn- ljg|b/

R`n agrrn| rne`omw~n mu gauj ~unb mo r`nhgo~iger~|n ji`}l|mb em|e~mru/

[`jrjnof|gymof ~unu g {`jrjhgud gobe`nhmega nre`mof rj |nhjyn r`n ej{{n| ijma

i|jh r`n u~lur|grn/ R`n {`jrjhgud mu~u~gaa} {|n{g|nb vmr` g {`jrj{ajrrn| i|jhbgrg {|jb~enb l} g rne`omemgo ~umof EGH!

j| ejh{~rn|(gmbnb hgo~iger~|mofujirvg|n/ Agun|({|mornb r|gou{g|noemnu g|nr}{megaa} nh{aj}nb ij|{`jrjrjjau4

`jvnyn|! bm|ner agun| mhgfmof rne`omw~nu

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electroplatinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silk_screenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hybrid_circuithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photoengravinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photoplotterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer-aided_manufacturinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electroplatinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silk_screenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hybrid_circuithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photoengravinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photoplotterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer-aided_manufacturing

8/9/2019 10 Printed Circuit Board

4/12

g|n lnmof nh{aj}nb rj |n{agen {`jrjrjjau

ij| `mf`(|nuja~rmjo |nw~m|nhnoru/ [EL hmaamof ~unu g rvj j| r`|nn(gpmu

hne`gomega hmaamof u}urnh rj hmaa gvg} r`nej{{n| ijma i|jh r`n u~lur|grn/ G [ELhmaamof hge`mon |nin||nb rj gu g &[EL

[|jrjr}{n|&- j{n|grnu mo g umhmag| vg} rj g{ajrrn|! |nenmymof ejhhgobu i|jh r`n `jur

ujirvg|n r`gr ejor|ja r`n {jumrmjo ji r`nhmaamof `ngb mo r`n p! }! gob mi |nanygor- s

gpmu/ Bgrg rj b|myn r`n [|jrjr}{n| munpr|gernb i|jh imanu fnon|grnb mo [ELbnumfo ujirvg|n gob urj|nb mo @[FA j|Fn|ln| iman ij|hgr/

,Gbbmrmyn, {|jenuunu gauj npmur/ R`n hjurejhhjo mu r`n ,unhm(gbbmrmyn, {|jenuu/ Mo r`mu

yn|umjo! r`n ~o{grrn|onb ljg|b `gu g r`mo ag}n|ji ej{{n| ga|ngb} jo mr/ G |nyn|un hgud mu r`no

g{{amnb/ ^oamdn g u~lr|germyn {|jenuu hgud!r`mu hgud np{junu r`jun {g|ru ji r`n u~lur|grnr`gr vmaa nynor~gaa} lnejhn r`n r|genu/-

Gbbmrmjoga ej{{n| mu r`no {agrnb jorj r`n ljg|bmo r`n ~ohgudnb g|ngu4 ej{{n| hg} ln {agrnb

rj go} bnum|nb vnmf`r/ Rmo(angb j| jr`n|u~|igen {agrmofu g|n r`no g{{amnb/ R`n hgud muur|m{{nb gvg} gob g l|mni nre`mof urn{

|nhjynu r`n ojv(np{junb j|mfmoga ej{{n|

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCB_Millinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plotterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HPGLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerber_Filehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCB_Millinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plotterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HPGLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerber_File

8/9/2019 10 Printed Circuit Board

5/12

aghmogrn i|jh r`n ljg|b! mujagrmof r`n

mobmymb~ga r|genu/

R`n gbbmrmyn {|jenuu mu ejhhjoa} ~unb ij|

h~arm(ag}n| ljg|bu gu mr igemamrgrnu r`n {agrmof(r`|j~f` ji r`n `janu rj {|jb~en ejob~ermyn

ymgu- mo r`n em|e~mr ljg|b/

Aghmogrmjo

Ujhn [ELu `gyn r|gen ag}n|u moumbn r`n [ELgob g|n egaanb h~arm(ag}n|[ELu/ R`nun g|n

ij|hnb l} ljobmof rjfnr`n| un{g|grna} nre`nbr`mo ljg|bu/

B|maamof

@janu! j| ymgu! r`|j~f` g [EL g|n r}{megaa}

b|maanb vmr` rmo} b|maa lmru hgbn ji ujambr~ofurno eg|lmbn/ R`n b|maamof mu {n|ij|hnb l}g~rjhgrnbb|maamof hge`monu vmr` {agenhnor

ejor|jaanb l} g b|maa rg{n j| b|maa iman/ R`nunejh{~rn|(fnon|grnb imanu g|n gauj egaanbo~hn|megaa} ejor|jaanb b|maaOEB- imanu j|

,Npenaajo imanu,/ R`n b|maa iman bnue|mlnu r`najegrmjo gob umsn ji nge` b|maanb `jan/

V`no yn|} uhgaa ymgu g|n |nw~m|nb! b|maamof vmr`hne`gomega lmru mu ejura} lneg~un ji `mf` |grnu

ji vng| gob l|ngdgfn/ Mo r`mu egun! r`n ymguhg} ln nyg{j|grnb l} agun|u/ Agun|(b|maanb ymgu

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Via_(electronics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Via_(electronics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tungsten_carbidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drilling_machinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Excellon_filehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laserhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Via_(electronics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Via_(electronics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tungsten_carbidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drilling_machinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Excellon_filehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser

8/9/2019 10 Printed Circuit Board

6/12

r}{megaa} `gyn go moin|mj| u~|igen imomu` moumbn

r`n `jan/ R`nun `janu g|n egaanb hme|j ymgu/

Mr mu gauj {juumlan vmr` ejor|jaanb(bn{r` b|maamof!

agun| b|maamof! j| l} {|n(b|maamof r`n mobmymb~gau`nnru ji r`n [EL lnij|n aghmogrmjo! rj

{|jb~en `janu r`gr ejooner joa} ujhn ji r`nej{{n| ag}n|u! |gr`n| r`go {guumof r`|j~f` r`nnorm|n ljg|b/ R`nun `janu g|n egaanb lamob ymgu

v`no r`n} ejooner go morn|oga ej{{n| ag}n| rjgo j~rn| ag}n|! j| l~|mnb ymgu v`no r`n}

ejooner rvj j| hj|n morn|oga ej{{n| ag}n|u goboj j~rn| ag}n|u/

R`n vgaau ji r`n `janu! ij| ljg|bu vmr` < j|

hj|n ag}n|u! g|n {agrnb vmr` ej{{n| rj ij|h{agrnb(r`|j~f` `janu r`gr naner|megaa} ejooner

r`n ejob~ermof ag}n|u ji r`n [EL/ Ij|

h~armag}n| ljg|bu! r`jun vmr` 2 ag}n|u j| hj|n!b|maamof r}{megaa} {|jb~enu g uhng|ejh{|munb

ji r`n ljobmof gfnor mo r`n aghmogrn u}urnh/Lnij|n r`n `janu ego ln {agrnb r`|j~f`! r`mu

uhng|h~ur ln |nhjynb l} g e`nhmega bn(uhng|{|jenuu! j| l}{aguhg(nre`/

Np{junb ejob~erj| {agrmof gob ejgrmofR`n {agenu rj v`me` ejh{jonoru vmaa lnhj~ornb g|n r}{megaa} {agrnb! lneg~un lg|n

ej{{n| jpmbmsnu w~meda}! gob r`n|nij|n mu ojr|ngbma} ujabn|glan/ R|gbmrmjogaa}! go} np{junb

8/9/2019 10 Printed Circuit Board

7/12

ej{{n| vgu {agrnb vmr` ujabn| l} `jr gm| ujabn|

anynaamof @GUA-/ R`mu ujabn| vgu g rmo(angbgaaj}! `jvnyn| onv ujabn| ejh{j~obu g|n ojv

~unb rj ge`mnyn ejh{amgoen vmr` r`n \j@Ubm|nermyn mo r`n N^! v`me` |nur|meru r`n ~un jiangb/ Jr`n| {agrmofu ~unb g|n JU[ j|fgome

u~|igen {|jrnergor-! mhhn|umjo umayn| MGf-!mhhn|umjo rmo! naner|januu omedna vmr`

mhhn|umjo fjab ejgrmof NOMF-! gob bm|nerfjab/ Nbfn ejoonerj|u! {agenb gajof jon nbfn

ji ujhn ljg|bu! g|n jirno fjab {agrnb/

Ujabn| |numur

G|ngu r`gr u`j~ab ojr ln ujabn|nb rj hg} lnejyn|nb vmr` g {ja}hn| ujabn| |numurujabn|hgud- ejgrmof/ R`n ujabn| |numur {|nynoru

ujabn| i|jh l|mbfmof lnrvnno ejob~erj|u gob

r`n|nl} e|ngrmof u`j|r em|e~mru/ Ujabn| |numurgauj {|jymbnu ujhn {|jrnermjo i|jh r`nnoym|johnor/

Ue|nno {|mormof

Amon g|r gob rnpr hg} ln {|mornb jorj r`n

j~rn| u~|igenu ji g [EL l} ue|nno {|mormof/

V`no u{gen {n|hmru! r`n ue|nno {|mor rnpr egomobmegrn ejh{jonor bnumfogrj|u! uvmre` unrrmof|nw~m|nhnoru! rnur {jmoru! gob jr`n| ingr~|nu`na{i~a mo guunhlamof! rnurmof! gob un|ymemof

r`n em|e~mr ljg|b/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HASLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RoHShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EUhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IAghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ENIGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edge_connectorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold_platedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Screen-printinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circuit_diagram#European_and_Australian_codeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HASLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RoHShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EUhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IAghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ENIGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edge_connectorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold_platedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Screen-printinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circuit_diagram#European_and_Australian_codes

8/9/2019 10 Printed Circuit Board

8/12

Ue|nno {|mor mu gauj dojvo gu r`n umad ue|nno!

j|! mo jon umbnb [ELu! r`n |nb {|mor/

Agrna} ujhn bmfmrga {|mormof uja~rmjou `gyn

lnno bnynaj{nb rj u~lurmr~rn r`n r|gbmrmjogaue|nno {|mormof {|jenuu/ R`mu rne`ojajf} gaajvu

{|mormof yg|mglan bgrg jorj r`n [EL! moea~bmofun|mgamsgrmjo gob lg|ejbn moij|hgrmjo ij|r|genglmamr} {~|{junu/

Rnur

^o{j{~agrnb ljg|bu hg} ln u~lcnernb rj glg|n(ljg|b rnurv`n|n nge` em|e~mr ejoonermjogu bnimonb mo g onramur- mu yn|mimnb gu ej||ner jo

r`n imomu`nb ljg|b/ Ij| `mf`(yja~hn{|jb~ermjo! g Lnb ji ogmau rnurn|! g impr~|n j| g\mfmb onnban gbg{rn| mu ~unb rj hgdn ejorger

vmr` ej{{n| agobu j| `janu jo jon j| ljr` umbnu

ji r`n ljg|b rj igemamrgrn rnurmof/ G ejh{~rn|vmaa mour|~err`n naner|mega rnur ~omr rj unob g

uhgaa ghj~or ji e~||nor r`|j~f` nge` ejorger{jmor jo r`n lnb(ji(ogmau gu |nw~m|nb! gob

yn|mi} r`gr u~e` e~||nor ego ln unno jo r`njr`n| g{{|j{|mgrn ejorger {jmoru/ G ,u`j|r, jog ljg|b vj~ab ln g ujamb ejoonermjo v`n|n

r`n|n u`j~ab ln oj ejoonermjo/ Go ,j{no, mulnrvnno rvj {jmoru r`gr u`j~ab ln ejoonernb

gob g|n ojr/ Ij| uhgaa( j| hnbm~h(yja~hnljg|bu! ia}mof({|jln gob ia}mof(f|mbrnurn|u ~unhjymof rnur `ngbu rj hgdn ejorger vmr` r`n

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bed_of_nails_testerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rigid_needle_adapterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bed_of_nails_testerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rigid_needle_adapter

8/9/2019 10 Printed Circuit Board

9/12

ej{{n|*umayn|*fjab*ujabn| agobu j| `janu rj

yn|mi} r`n naner|mega ejoonermymr} ji r`n ljg|b~obn| rnur/

[|mornb em|e~mr guunhla}

Girn| r`n {|mornb em|e~mr ljg|b [EL- muejh{anrnb! naner|jome ejh{jonoru h~ur lngrrge`nb rj ij|h g i~oermjoga{|mornb em|e~mr

guunhla}! j| [EG ujhnrmhnu egaanb g ,{|mornbem|e~mr ljg|b guunhla}, [ELG-/ Mo r`|j~f`(

`jan ejour|~ermjo! ejh{jonor angbu g|nmoun|rnb mo `janu/ Mo u~|igen(hj~orejour|~ermjo! r`n ejh{jonoru g|n {agenb jo

{gbu j| agobu jo r`n j~rn| u~|igenu ji r`n [EL/Mo ljr` dmobu ji ejour|~ermjo! ejh{jonor angbug|n naner|megaa} gob hne`gomegaa} impnb rj r`n

ljg|b vmr` g hjarno hnrga ujabn|/

R`n|n g|n g yg|mnr} jiujabn|mof rne`omw~nu

~unb rj grrge` ejh{jonoru rj g [EL/ @mf`yja~hn {|jb~ermjo mu ~u~gaa} bjon vmr`

hge`mon {agenhnor gob l~ad vgyn ujabn|mof j||niajv jynou! l~r udmaanb rne`omemgou g|n glanrj ujabn| yn|} rmo} {g|ru ij| mourgoen ;

8/9/2019 10 Printed Circuit Board

10/12

Jirno! r`|j~f`(`jan gob u~|igen(hj~or

ejour|~ermjo h~ur ln ejhlmonb mo g umofan [EGlneg~un ujhn |nw~m|nb ejh{jonoru g|n

gygmaglan joa} mo u~|igen(hj~or {gedgfnu!v`man jr`n|u g|n gygmaglan joa} mo r`|j~f`(`jan{gedgfnu/ Gojr`n| |ngujo rj ~un ljr` hnr`jbu

mu r`gr r`|j~f`(`jan hj~ormof ego {|jymbnonnbnb ur|nofr` ij| ejh{jonoru amdna} rj

nob~|n {`}umega ur|nuu! v`man ejh{jonoru r`grg|n np{nernb rj fj ~orj~e`nb vmaa rgdn ~{ anuu

u{gen ~umof u~|igen(hj~or rne`omw~nu/

Girn| r`n ljg|b mu {j{~agrnb! r`n {j{~agrnbljg|b hg} ln rnurnb/

v`man r`n {jvn| mu jii! ymu~ga mou{nermjo!g~rjhgrnb j{rmega mou{nermjo/ CNBNE

f~mbnamonu ij| [EL ejh{jonor {agenhnor!

ujabn|mof! gob mou{nermjo g|n ejhhjoa}~unb rj hgmorgmo w~gamr} ejor|ja mo r`mu

urgfn ji [EL hgo~iger~|mof/

v`man r`n {jvn| mu jii! gogajf umfogr~|n

goga}umu! {jvn|(jii rnurmof/

v`man r`n {jvn| mu jo! mo(em|e~mr rnur! v`n|n

{`}umega hngu~|nhnoru m/n/ yjargfn!i|nw~noe}- ego ln bjon/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_inspectionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automated_optical_inspectionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JEDEChttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quality_controlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analog_signature_analysishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analog_signature_analysishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power-off_testinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In-circuit_testhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_inspectionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automated_optical_inspectionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JEDEChttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quality_controlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analog_signature_analysishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analog_signature_analysishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power-off_testinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In-circuit_test

8/9/2019 10 Printed Circuit Board

11/12

v`man r`n {jvn| mu jo! i~oermjoga rnur! c~ur

e`nedmof mi r`n [EL bjnu v`gr mr `gb lnnobnumfonb ij|/

Rj igemamrgrn r`nun rnuru! [ELu hg} ln bnumfonbvmr` npr|g {gbu rj hgdn rnh{j|g|}

ejoonermjou/ Ujhnrmhnu r`nun {gbu h~ur lnmujagrnb vmr` |numurj|u/ R`n mo(em|e~mr rnur hg}gauj npn|emun lj~obg|} uego rnur ingr~|nu ji

ujhn ejh{jonoru/ Mo(em|e~mr rnur u}urnhu hg}gauj ln ~unb rj {|jf|gh ojoyjagrman hnhj|}

ejh{jonoru jo r`n ljg|b/

Mo lj~obg|} uego rnurmof! rnur em|e~mrumornf|grnb morj yg|mj~u MEu jo r`n ljg|b ij|h

rnh{j|g|} ejoonermjou lnrvnno r`n [EL r|genurj rnur r`gr r`n MEu g|n hj~ornb ej||nera}/

Lj~obg|} uego rnurmof |nw~m|nu r`gr gaa r`n MEu

rj ln rnurnb ~un g urgobg|b rnur ejoimf~|grmjo{|jenb~|n! r`n hjur ejhhjo jon lnmof r`n

Cjmor Rnur Germjo F|j~{ CRGF- urgobg|b/

V`no ljg|bu igma r`n rnur! rne`omemgou hg}

bnujabn| gob |n{agen igmanb ejh{jonoru{|jinuumjona rn|h3 |nvj|d-/

[|jrnermjo gob {gedgfmof

[ELu mornobnb ij| npr|nhn noym|johnoru jirno

`gyn g ejoij|hga ejgr! v`me` mu g{{amnb l}bm{{mof j| u{|g}mof girn| r`n ejh{jonoru `gyn

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functional_testhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boundary_scanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JTAGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desolderinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reworkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functional_testhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boundary_scanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JTAGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desolderinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rework

8/9/2019 10 Printed Circuit Board

12/12

lnno ujabn|nb/ R`n ejgr {|nynoru ej||jumjo

gob angdgfn e~||noru j| u`j|rmof b~n rjejobnougrmjo/ R`n ng|amnur ejoij|hga ejgru

vn|n vgp/ Hjbn|o ejoij|hga ejgru g|n ~u~gaa}bm{u ji bma~rn uja~rmjou ji umamejon |~lln|!{ja}~|nr`gon! ge|}ame! j| n{jp}/ Ujhn g|n

nofmonn|mof {agurmeu u{~rrn|nb jorj r`n [EL mog yge~~h e`ghln|/

Hgo} guunhlanb [ELu g|n urgrme unoumrmyn! gobr`n|nij|n h~ur ln {agenb mo gormurgrme lgfu

b~|mof r|gou{j|r/ V`no `gobamof r`nun ljg|bu!r`n ~un| h~ur ln ng|r`nb4 igma~|n rj bj r`muhmf`r r|gouhmr go gee~h~agrnb urgrme e`g|fn

r`|j~f` r`n ljg|b! bghgfmof j| bnur|j}mof mr/Nyno lg|n ljg|bu g|n ujhnrmhnu urgrmeunoumrmyn/ R|genu `gyn fjrrno uj imon r`gr mr&u

w~mrn {juumlan rj lajv go nre` jii r`n ljg|b j|e`gofn mru e`g|gern|murmeu- vmr` g urgrme e`g|fn/

R`mu mu nu{nemgaa} r|~n jo ojo(r|gbmrmjoga [ELuu~e` gu HEHu gob hme|jvgyn [ELu/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waxhttp://www.pcbtrain.co.uk/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrostatic_dischargehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antistatic_baghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ground_(electricity)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-Chip_Modulehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microwavehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waxhttp://www.pcbtrain.co.uk/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrostatic_dischargehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antistatic_baghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ground_(electricity)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-Chip_Modulehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microwave