1.0 Introduction to Environmentally Conscious Ship Management 1 Learning Objectives 1.1. Define the principle of green technology in shipping industry 1.2. Explain the pollution prevention and service enhancement 1.3. Explain the materials and waste management on board ships 2/21/2016 DSM2305 2 1.1 Principle of Green Technology in Shipping Industry Policy to reduce and minimize carbon foot print, burned clean oil with no sulfur contents. To reduce the pollution to air, water and soil, save resources and improve economical. Sulfur emission responsible for deaths a year across coastal part of Europe and Asia. Use green technology to reduce the emission. Comparison of CO2 emissions by different modes of transport 2/21/2016 DSM2305 4 2. Not to pollute the ocean with waste as stated under MARPOL (Annex 1-6) Annex 1 prevention of pollution by oil Annex 2 control of pollution by noxious liquid substances Annex 3 prevention of pollution by harmful substances in packaged form Annex 4 prevention of pollution by sewage from ships Annex 5 prevention of pollution by garbage from ships Annex 6 prevention of air pollution from ships. 2/21/2016 DSM2305 5 3. Oil discharge to reception facilities 4. Sewage plants not to be discharge 50 nm from ashore. 5. Food and bio-degradable matters allowed. 2/21/2016 DSM2305 6 Nowadays earth friendly shipping means much more: 1) Reduction of shipping inefficiency through logistical and operational streamlining 2) Optimization of fuel efficiency per trip per transport 3) Choice of reduced carbon footprint generating delivery options 4) Use of alternative fuels and energy sources for transport 5) Use of fuel-efficient driving best practices etc. 2/21/2016 DSM2305 7 2/21/2016 8 9 More than 230 cruise ships operate worldwide, often in pristine coastal waters. Many cruise lines offer excursions to private islands where snorkelling to admire the coral reefs and marine life is one of the options. Yet the deep blue seas the ships navigate are being affected by vessels that travel back and forth on the same routes. The downside of the fun, food and entertainment is the enormous amount of sewage, food and garbage, waste water from sinks, showers, laundries and kitchens and other wastes being discharged into the seas. 10 The wastes from the "floating cities" pose a threat to fragile ecosystems, to sea life, and even to people enjoying a day at the beach, say the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and groups such as Bluewater Network, a coalition of 53 environmental organizations. A cruise ship with 3,000 passengers can generate 210,000 gallons of waste and sewage and 1 million gallons of gray water from showers and drains in a typical week, the EPA says. There are also discharges of bilge water which may contain oil, grease and other contaminants. The nation's top three cruise ship departure ports are in Miami, Fort Lauderdale and Cape Canaveral. 11 Adopting numerous energy efficient measures including switching to low energy LED lights, developing smoother hull coatings to consume less fuel, using recycled hot water to heat passenger cabins and special window tinting that keeps passageways cooler and utilizes less air conditioning. Halogen and incandescent light bulbs have been giving way to LED lights, which last 25 times longer, use 80 percent less energy, and generate 50 percent less heat. 2/21/2016 DSM Implementing rigorous recycling programs as many CLIA member lines have comprehensive programs and crew members who are specially trained and responsible for sorting, processing, storing, recycling, and the final disposal of garbage. These programs include paper, glass, plastics, aluminum, scrap metal, fluorescent lamps, batteries, toner cartridges and cooking oil, and even special wastes such as chemicals used in photo processing. CLIA members recycle up to 80,000 tons of garbage each year What can you do to prevent the impacts of cruise ships Review the cruise ship companys environmental policies before booking a cruise. Do no pour inappropriate wastes into sinks or toilets. Do not toss litter overboard. Minimize use of water. Participate in the cruise ships recycling program (if available). Conserve energy by reducing unnecessary use of lights and appliances. 13 2/21/2016 DSM Lady Liberty looks down on a Staten Island Ferry boat. This year, one such ship will be converted to cleaner, cheaper natural gas. The city is sailing ahead with a natural solution to cut the Staten Island Ferrys fuel costs. This year, the Department of Transportation will convert one of its smaller ferries from diesel fuel to liquefied natural gas which will halve the boats gas bill and cut harmful carbon dioxide emissions by 25 percent. We always look for opportunities to innovate and test new technologies and resources to further green its operations, a Department of Transportation spokesman said. 2/21/ The retrofit will take place during a routine dry docking to prevent any delays in service, the spokesman said. Most of the money earmarked for the conversion and other ferry infrastructure improvements comes from a federal grant. The city ponied up an additional $660,000 for the $3 million project. "Converting the Staten Island Ferry to liquefied natural gas is a win-win-win: It will reduce our dependence on foreign oil, lower operating costs and help the environment," Sen. Charles Schumer said when the grant was quietly announced last year. Read more:article #ixzz2GvE4v9Z4http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/si-ferry-green- article #ixzz2GvE4v9Z42/21/2016 DSM 2/21/2016 DSM 2/21/2016 DSM 2/21/2016 DSM 1.2 Pollution Prevention and Service Enhancement To implement pollution prevention for all types of waste discharges the respect littoral states must have an Act that can support their actions. In US its the EPA while in Malaysia is The Environmental Act The government supports initiatives taken from private sector to enhance pollution prevention services in order to protect its coastline from being polluted, that could disrupt vegetation and living and non living organisms. 2/21/ National Pollution Prevention Policy Pollution prevention was established as a national objective in November 1990 with the passage of the Pollution Prevention Act (PPA). The PPA recognized that "pollution should be prevented or reduced at the source whenever feasible; pollution that cannot be prevented should be recycled in an environmentally sound manner, whenever feasible; pollution that cannot be prevented or recycled should be treated in an environmentally sound manner whenever feasible; and disposal or other release into the environment should be employed only as a last resort and should be conducted in an environmentally safe manner." 2/21/ Congress found that there are significant opportunities for industry to reduce pollution at its source, but these opportunities are often not realized because environmental laws and regulations tend to focus on treatment and disposal and not on preventing pollution. To help industry realize source reduction opportunities, technical assistance and information on source reduction technologies and practices are needed. 2/21/2016 DSM 2/21/2016 DSM Definition of Source Reduction Section of the PPA defines source reduction as any practice which: reduces the amount of any hazardous substance, pollutant, or contaminant entering any waste stream or otherwise released into the environment (including fugitive emissions) prior to recycling, treatment, or disposal. reduce the hazards to public health and the environment associated with the release of such substances, pollutant, or contaminants. 2/21/2016 DSM The term includes equipment or technology modifications, process or procedure modifications, reformulation or redesign of products, substitution of raw materials, and improvements in housekeeping, maintenance, training, or inventory control. The term "source reduction" does not include any practice which alters the physical, chemical, or biological characteristics or the volume of a hazardous substance, pollutant, or contaminant through a process or activity which itself is not integral to and necessary for the production of a product or the providing of a service. 1.3 Materials and Waste Management Many types of waste materials. On a ship have to manage these following waste sources: Pollution from oil Pollution from Noxious Liquid Substances in Bulk Pollution from Harmful Substances Carried by Sea in Packaged Forms, Freight containers, Portable Tanks etc Pollution by Sewage from Ships Pollution by Garbage from Ships 2/21/2016 DSM 2/21/2016 DSM 2/21/2016 DSM 2/21/2016 DSM 1.0 Assignment 1) Why does the shipping company has to go green? Is it by choice or enforced on them? 2) As an owner of a shipping company what type of pollution preventive measures are to be taken to reduce bad practices by crews on board? 3) List down the types of Environmental Act in Malaysia which allows the littoral states to take action against offenders which didnt manage their waste product strewn into our territorial waters ? 2/21/2016 DSM