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Greening your EdgeAre you a power savior or a power pig?
Francois Lemarchand <[email protected]>
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An Initial take:Per node power consumption
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
DSLAM Aggregation Edge Core
© Ericsson AB 2009 | Ericsson Internal | X (X) | Date
Most savings appear at first to be done on the Core Nodes
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Looking at efficiency:Power versus bandwidth
© Ericsson AB 2009 | Ericsson Internal | X (X) | Date
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DSLAM Aggregation Edge Core
But the biggest potential probably lies into the access layer
Driven by DSL
loop modulation
Driven by high touch
service processing
* *
* A given flow will need to cross multiple of these nodes in the network
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Silicon process evolution only compensate bandwidth growth
› Each generation of silicon process brings twice the
amount of transistor logic in the same cost / footprint /
power.– This could mean halving the power consumption every 2 years
– But the Internet and data bandwidth consumption is following
the same pattern (rough doubling every two years)
– Market pressure has caused to reinvest this capital in network
performance instead of power savings
© Ericsson AB 2009 | Ericsson Internal | X (X) | Date
Technology will bring significant bandwidth efficiency
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Power savvy technology design is need for a visible change
› The key is to dynamically put to idle
unused capacity– CPU manufacturer have shown the potential of this
option. It will come to Network Processor over time:› Semi dynamic: i.e. putting down to idle backup
linecards / or silicon handling specific port group
› Fully dynamic: Clock / power adjustment based on
dynamic traffic load
› At the network level critical savings are
must come from the access– High promises from adaptive DSL modulation
© Ericsson AB 2009 | Ericsson Internal | X (X) | Date
Node level power savings are dependant from innovations
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Network architecture optimization
› Optimization of the power consumption of
individual nodes lead to significant Opex
savings– I.e. Loaded cost of KW/H per year up to $2000
– 5KW node over 5 years = $50K
› Optimization of the network architecture
can lead to additional Opex but also
Capex savings
› While node level optimization is
dependant on the vendors roadmap the
operators are in full control of the network
architecture
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IP Routing, L3VPN
MPLS
Optical
Cost/POWER per bit hierarchyOptimize network complexity
› Service Node – L3/L4/L5
service point: Fixed (BNG) or
Mobile packet GW, Enterprise
L3PE w/Security, Video Edge
w/Caching etc…
› L3 Edge / Border Node: L2
termination and IP transport
› Core / Transport Node: pure
MPLS L2 switching, no
edge services.
› Optical L1 moving to
OOO ROADM
PWE / CES / Bridging
IP Services (Subscribers,
IP Flows, Application)
PGW SBG CDN DPI IPS
Vo
ice
Mo
bile
Vid
eo
En
terp
rise V
PN
Inte
rnet
En
terp
rise E
LIN
E, E
LA
N
Leg
acy A
TM
/ TD
M tra
nsp
ort
› L2 Edge / BN: L2 service
point: PWE ingress/egress,
L2 interworking, QoS, security
© Ericsson AB 2010 | Ericsson Internal | Aggregation Routing Strategy (draft12) | 17 feb 2010
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Core to access scale factorIncreased returns in the outer ring
© Ericsson AB 2010 | Ericsson Internal | Aggregation Routing Strategy (draft12) | 17 feb 2010
10-100’s of Core routers & optical switches
100-1000’s of Service Edge nodes
1-10,000’s of Aggregation nodes
10-100,000’s of Access nodes
Millions of connections, devices
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Fully Consolidated Edge Modelanother angle at power savings
Users &
Devices
Access Services
VoIP
L2/L3VPN
MobileServices
Internet & VOD
Video/IPTV
Servers
IP Edge
L3 PEFunctions
L2 PEFunctions
Eth AggFunctions
SBCFunctions
DPIFunctions
MobilityFunctions
BRASFunctions
Need to balance consolidation with induced operational impacts
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Intelligence placementbalance scalability and power cost
› Over time centralized intelligent functions had been distributed further toward the
edge in order to scale with the bandwidth constraints. But it needs to be
balanced by the induced opex and capex and power efficiency cost.
› Technology improvements do not change fundamentally that balance– Allow to build smarter functions with limited cost impact on the access nodes
– But also allows to build bigger Service Nodes for the same price
– Besides BW intelligence level also keeps increasing (LI, DPI, Mobility, v6, NAT…)
© Ericsson AB 2010 | Ericsson Internal | Aggregation Routing Strategy (draft12) | 17 feb 2010
BW per node
# of Nodes
intelligence
Sweet
Spot
- Peering opt.
- Content opt.
+ Capex
+ Opex
Keeping the aggregation/access simple optimizes the power
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T2CO
T3CO T2CO
T3CO
T3CO
T3COT2CO
T2COT1CO
T1CO S PoPCell site
S PoP
T2CO
T3CO T2CO
T3CO
T3CO
T3COT2CO
T2COT1CO
T1CO S PoPCell site
S PoP
Transport & Metro convergencePacket optical transport (POTP)
› Provides the BW efficiency of packet based multiplexing in the
transport layer for native packet services or emulated TDM circuits
› Allows to subsume overlay metro network capabilities into the transport
layer – a single layer of transport equipment to carry enterprise,
residential, fixed, mobile and wholesale traffic.
› Running a single integrated control plane / NMS across the packet and
optical layer allows to optimize the mapping between the optical
resources and the packet network transit
© Ericsson AB 2010 | Ericsson Internal | Aggregation Routing Strategy (draft12) | 17 feb 2010
Core
Core
Core
Core
PGW/RNC
Enter. L2L3
Fixed GW
10,000’s T2CO’s10,000’s+ T3CO’s Few National PoPs10’s Core PoPs100’s Service PoPs1000’s T1 CO’s
Native packet mux & mcast
L2PEL2PE
L2PE L2PE
Packet & Optical Transport PlatformAll Optical transport
IP/MPLS routing
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Optimize packet with opticalBut avoids the overlay Model
› OTN layers allows to efficiently multiplex packet and TDM transparent
services into the same lambda.
› As packet services are becoming predominant it makes sense to map
them directly over a lambda – integrating the WDM/OTN optics directly
into the packet switching function to optimize the processing
› Further optimizations are possible by doing a selective bypass of
certain traffic flows (i.e. toward centralized video hosting or internet
peering points)
© Ericsson AB 2010 | Ericsson Internal | Aggregation Routing Strategy (draft12) | 17 feb 2010
MPLS
Optical
SDH/OTN
OTN
switch
Internet
Peering
L3PEL3PEL3PE
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There is an elephant in the roomcapex is in but the opex is out?
› Over time the home gateway has grown in functionality / complexity.
Today’s home GW can consume up to 15W. With the introduction of
IPTV decoders the power per home is rising to the 20-30W range.
› Today’s HGW & STB have received a limited focus on developing
power savings versus functionalities => always on
› It is urgent to introduce power saving functions
© Ericsson AB 2009 | Ericsson Internal | X (X) | Date
DSL
Modem
Routing Firewall
NAT
VOIP/SIP WIFI
Home Gateway
Set Top Box MPEG decoder Hard Drive
= 10-15W
= 15-20W
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10
Millions
What does it mean when applied to the 70M US Broadband lines?
© Ericsson AB 2009 | Ericsson Internal | X (X) | Date
2 Households powered during a year
MillionsTons of Co2 emission
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Power Per subscriberAccess drives 95% of the power
© Ericsson AB 2009 | Ericsson Internal | X (X) | Date
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Home DSLAM Edge Core
1W 0.01W 0.0001W
How do drive back household power requirements?
95% of fixed
broadband network
power consumption
5% power
Epsilon
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Simplification of the home 1/4Network based VOIP GW function
› A number of operators have chosen to integrate the VOIP client into the
Home GW. But centralization into a network equipement such as the
MSAN can provide significant opex & power savings
› It also facilitates the migration of the fixed voice customer to a cost
effective VOIP access GW.
© Ericsson AB 2009 | Ericsson Internal | X (X) | Date
Network SIP Client
integration in the
MSAN
HGW
STB
Access Node BNG Edge
Aggregation
Network
POTS phone
HGW based SIP
client
@
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Simplification of the home 1/4Carrier Grade NAT and Bridge HGW
› In order to address IPv4 address depletion carriers will progressively
introduce a network based NAT function to allows sharing of NAT
public pools between more customers (native IPv6 in the longer term)
› This provides an opportunity to simplified the HGW and perform L3/L4
functions at the BNG Edge instead. HGW back to a bridge modem.
© Ericsson AB 2009 | Ericsson Internal | X (X) | Date
HGW
STB
Access Node BNG Edge
Aggregation
Network@
Private IPv4 to
public IPv4 NAT
Carrier Grade NAT
At the BNG
Configuration as
transparent bridge
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Simplification of the home 1/4Network based PVR
› Network based PVR & Catch’up TV functions get an increased level of
popularity and acceptance by the content providers
› Incidentally it also provides significant capex, opex and power reduction
by removing the requirement to support hard drive and recording
functions on the STB.
© Ericsson AB 2009 | Ericsson Internal | X (X) | Date
HGW
STB
Access Node BNG Edge
Aggregation
Network@
Personal PVR
Network PVR
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Simplification of the home 1/4Open IPTV & Native IPTV clients
› There is a growing commitment of the industry – Service Providers,
Telecom Vendors & Consumer electronic companies to support
standard IPTV specifications and interfaces (Open IPTV Forum)
› One of the benefit is to allow the TV set providers to integrate native
IPTV functions into the TV set – and for operators to suppress STB
© Ericsson AB 2009 | Ericsson Internal | X (X) | Date
HGW
STB
Access Node BNG Edge
Aggregation
Network@
X
TV with integrated
IPTV capabilities
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Green your accessit starts at the Edge
› Vendors will gradually introduce green
technology design over time
› Operators should consider their network
architecture design with an holistic
approach to bring power / capex and
opex savings.
› Priorities must be set to the home /
access / aggregation where volumes can
drive the most significant savings
› The IP Edge is as a power saving enabler
– key to simplify the architecture of the
home, access and aggregation layers.