10-30-0710-30-07Obj: To understand the Obj: To understand the causes and effects of causes and effects of the Spanish-American the Spanish-American

WarWar

Focus: Define Focus: Define Imperialism and the Imperialism and the causes of American causes of American

Imperialism.Imperialism.

The Spanish – American – The Spanish – American – Cuban WarCuban War

Chapter 18Chapter 18

Section 2Section 2

Terms and NamesTerms and Names

Jose MartiJose Marti

Valeriano WeylerValeriano Weyler

yellow journalismyellow journalism

USS MaineUSS Maine

George DeweyGeorge Dewey

Rough RidersRough Riders

San Juan HillSan Juan Hill

CubanCuban Political Political InstabilityInstability

• Spain controlled both Puerto Rico Spain controlled both Puerto Rico and Cubaand Cuba

• CubansCubans frequently frequently rebelled against rebelled against SpainSpain

• 1868 – 18781868 – 1878 Cubans fought their first Cubans fought their first war against Spain for independencewar against Spain for independence

• 1886 - Forced Spain to get rid of slavery1886 - Forced Spain to get rid of slavery

•America began to invest in America began to invest in sugar plantations in Cubasugar plantations in Cuba

•1884 – US abolished tariff on 1884 – US abolished tariff on Cuban sugar which caused Cuban sugar which caused production to take offproduction to take off

•1894 – High tariff was 1894 – High tariff was restored and destroyed restored and destroyed Cuba’s economyCuba’s economy

22ndnd War for Independence War for Independence

•Jose MartiJose Marti– Cuban poet & journalistCuban poet & journalist– Organized Cuban resistanceOrganized Cuban resistance

by encouraging Cubans to by encouraging Cubans to destroy American owned destroy American owned propertyproperty

– Wanted America to help in Wanted America to help in the resistancethe resistance against Spain against Spain

American OpinionAmerican Opinion

•Business people wanted the Business people wanted the US to support Spain and US to support Spain and protect their businessesprotect their businesses

•Others were excited for the Others were excited for the Cuban causeCuban cause– ““Cuba Libre!”Cuba Libre!”

Valeriano WeylerValeriano Weyler

•Spanish GeneralSpanish General•Sent to Cuba to restore Sent to Cuba to restore

orderorder•Moved 300,000 people into Moved 300,000 people into

concentration campsconcentration camps•Thousands died from hunger Thousands died from hunger

and diseaseand disease within two years within two years

Yellow JournalismYellow Journalism

•Newspaper and magazine articles Newspaper and magazine articles that that exaggerate events to get the exaggerate events to get the attention of the readersattention of the readers..

•William Randolph HearstWilliam Randolph Hearst – – New New York Journal York Journal

•Joseph PulitzerJoseph Pulitzer – – World NewspaperWorld Newspaper

•Some reporters Some reporters made up wild made up wild storiesstories

The DeLome LetterThe DeLome Letter•February 1898 February 1898

•Enrique Dupuy Enrique Dupuy deLome, Spanish deLome, Spanish minister to the United Statesminister to the United States

•Wrote a private letter Wrote a private letter criticizing criticizing President McKinleyPresident McKinley

•The The letter was published in the letter was published in the New York New York JournalJournal

•DeLome resignedDeLome resigned his position his position

The USS MaineThe USS Maine

•The USS Maine was The USS Maine was sent to sent to Cuba to protect American Cuba to protect American lives and propertylives and property

•February 15, 1898 – the ship February 15, 1898 – the ship exploded and sankexploded and sank

•Spain was blamedSpain was blamed for the for the attackattack

April 20, 1898April 20, 1898

America America declares war declares war

on Spain!on Spain!

War in the PhilippinesWar in the Philippines

•The The first battle took place in first battle took place in the Philippinesthe Philippines

•The Philippines were owned by The Philippines were owned by the Spanish for over 300 yearsthe Spanish for over 300 years

•May 1, 1898 George Dewey May 1, 1898 George Dewey destroyed the Spanish fleet destroyed the Spanish fleet in the Manila Bayin the Manila Bay (Philippines) (Philippines)

US Forces Invade CubaUS Forces Invade Cuba

•Admiral William T. SampsonAdmiral William T. Sampson sealed the Spanish fleet in sealed the Spanish fleet in Santiago harborSantiago harbor

•Showed the strength of the US NavyShowed the strength of the US Navy

•Army landed in Cuba in June 1898Army landed in Cuba in June 1898

•The The US Army had little supplies US Army had little supplies and poor leadershipand poor leadership

Rough RidersRough Riders

•A A volunteer cavalryvolunteer cavalry

•Led by Led by Leonard Wood and Leonard Wood and Theodore RooseveltTheodore Roosevelt

•Along with African – American Along with African – American troops, troops, captured San Juan captured San Juan HillHill

Treaty of Paris of 1898Treaty of Paris of 1898

• August 12August 12thth – United States and Spain – United States and Spain signed an armistice to end the war.signed an armistice to end the war.

• December 10December 10thth – United States and Spain – United States and Spain agreed:agreed:

1)1) Cuba would become independentCuba would become independent

2)2) Spain would give Guam and Puerto Rico Spain would give Guam and Puerto Rico to the United Statesto the United States

3)3) United States would pay Spain $20 million United States would pay Spain $20 million for the Philippinesfor the Philippines

Annexation of the Annexation of the PhilippinesPhilippines

• Some Americans disagreed with Some Americans disagreed with annexing the Philippinesannexing the Philippines– It’s a violation of the Declaration of It’s a violation of the Declaration of

Independence (denying self – Independence (denying self – government to a country)government to a country)

– America should settle its own problems America should settle its own problems firstfirst

– Immigrants from the Philippines would Immigrants from the Philippines would take American jobstake American jobs

Closure…Closure…

• Create a Diagram of the causes and Create a Diagram of the causes and effects of the Spanish-American War.effects of the Spanish-American War.– ……it may look like this…it may look like this…

Spanish-American War

Cause 1

Effect 1